See bautan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for bautan meaning in Proto-West Germanic (13.9kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bēatan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: bēatan\nMiddle English: beten, beete, bet, bete, betyn, beytt; beaten; byete\nEnglish: beat\n→ Pennsylvania German: biede\nScots: beat, beit",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: bēatan\nMiddle English: beten, beete, bet, bete, betyn, beytt; beaten; byete\nEnglish: beat\n→ Pennsylvania German: biede\nScots: beat, beit"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*bāta"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *bāta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *bāta (in derivatives)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*bōtan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *bōtan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *bōtan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "bôten"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: bôten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: bôten"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "boten"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: boten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: boten"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "bȫtelen",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle Low German: bȫtelen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle Low German: bȫtelen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*bōtan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *bōtan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *bōtan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "bôten"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: bôten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: bôten"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "boten",
"3": "botten",
"4": "butten"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: boten, botten, butten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: boten, botten, butten"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vls",
"2": "botn"
},
"expansion": "West Flemish: botn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Flemish: botn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "pōzan",
"3": "bōzan",
"4": "bōzzan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: pōzan, bōzan, bōzzan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: pōzan, bōzan, bōzzan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "bōzen",
"3": "butzen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: bōzen, butzen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: bōzen, butzen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "boßen"
},
"expansion": "German: boßen",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "German: boßen (dialectal); bossen, possen"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "bosseln",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ German: bosseln",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ German: bosseln"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Butzen",
"pos": "noun"
},
"expansion": "German: Butzen (noun)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "German: Butzen (noun) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "butzen",
"3": "putzen",
"der": "1",
"pos2": "verb",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒? German: butzen, putzen (verb)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒? German: butzen, putzen (verb)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "bōzelen",
"3": "bōzeln",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle High German: bōzelen, bōzeln",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle High German: bōzelen, bōzeln"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "boßeln"
},
"expansion": "German: boßeln",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: boßeln"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "bōsselen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Low German: bōsselen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Low German: bōsselen"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "boßeln"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: boßeln",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: boßeln"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "anabōz",
"der": "1",
"t": "anvil"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old High German: anabōz (“anvil”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old High German: anabōz (“anvil”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "anebōz"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: anebōz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: anebōz"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "hanapus"
},
"expansion": "Cimbrian: hanapus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cimbrian: hanapus"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Amboss"
},
"expansion": "German: Amboss",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Amboss"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "*bottō",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Vulgar Latin: *bottō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Vulgar Latin: *bottō (perhaps directly borrowed into Old French, and other Romance languages borrowed from it)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "bouter"
},
"expansion": "Old French: bouter\nAnglo-Norman: boter, buter\n→ Middle English: butten, bouten\nEnglish: butt\nMiddle French: bouter\nFrench: bouter\nNorman: bouter (Jèrriais), boutaïr (Guernésiais)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old French: bouter\nAnglo-Norman: boter, buter\n→ Middle English: butten, bouten\nEnglish: butt\nMiddle French: bouter\nFrench: bouter\nNorman: bouter (Jèrriais), boutaïr (Guernésiais)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "ammuttari"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: ammuttari",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "a + (i)n + *buttari"
},
"expansion": "(a + (i)n + *buttari)",
"name": "qual"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: ammuttari (a + (i)n + *buttari)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "bottare"
},
"expansion": "Italian: bottare",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: bottare"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "botar"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan: botar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Occitan: botar"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "botar"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: botar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: botar"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "botar"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: botar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: botar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Iberian"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "botar"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: botar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: botar"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "botar"
},
"expansion": "Galician: botar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: botar"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "botar"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: botar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: botar"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "botar"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: botar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: botar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "*botōnus",
"3": "*bottonem",
"der": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒? Late Latin: *botōnus, *bottonem",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒? Late Latin: *botōnus, *bottonem (perhaps formed in Old French (bouter + -on), and other Romance languages borrowed from it)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "boton"
},
"expansion": "Old French: boton",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: boton"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "bouton"
},
"expansion": "French: bouton",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: bouton"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "bouton"
},
"expansion": "Norman: bouton",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norman: bouton"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "botoun",
"bor": "1",
"noalts": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: botoun\nEnglish: button (see there for further descendants)\nScots: button\nYola: buththone, boththone",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: botoun\nEnglish: button (see there for further descendants)\nScots: button\nYola: buththone, boththone"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italo-Dalmatian"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlm",
"2": "botaun"
},
"expansion": "Dalmatian: botaun",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dalmatian: botaun"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "bottone"
},
"expansion": "Italian: bottone",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: bottone"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "buttuni"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: buttuni",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: buttuni"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "boton"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan: boton",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Occitan: boton"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "botó"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: botó",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: botó"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "boton"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: boton",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: boton"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "buttun",
"3": "battung"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: buttun, battung",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: buttun, battung"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "boton"
},
"expansion": "Venetian: boton",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetian: boton"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Iberian"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "an",
"2": "botón"
},
"expansion": "Aragonese: botón",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aragonese: botón"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "botón"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: botón",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: botón"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "botón"
},
"expansion": "Galician: botón",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: botón"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "botão"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: botão",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: botão (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "botón"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: botón",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: botón (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bautaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bautaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *bautaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bautan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bautannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bautannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bautannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "bautu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "beōt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bautiʀi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "beōtī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bautidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "beōt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bautum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "beōtum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bautid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "beōtud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bautand",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "beōtun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bautē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "beōtī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bautēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bautē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "beōtī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bautēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "beōtīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bautēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "beōtīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bautēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "beōtīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "baut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bautid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bautandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bautan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*bautan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/bautan",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to beat"
],
"id": "en-bautan-gmw-pro-verb-sRfSCvf0",
"links": [
[
"beat",
"beat"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "bautijan"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "bautan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bēatan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: bēatan\nMiddle English: beten, beete, bet, bete, betyn, beytt; beaten; byete\nEnglish: beat\n→ Pennsylvania German: biede\nScots: beat, beit",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: bēatan\nMiddle English: beten, beete, bet, bete, betyn, beytt; beaten; byete\nEnglish: beat\n→ Pennsylvania German: biede\nScots: beat, beit"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*bāta"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *bāta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *bāta (in derivatives)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*bōtan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *bōtan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *bōtan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "bôten"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: bôten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: bôten"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "boten"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: boten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: boten"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "bȫtelen",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle Low German: bȫtelen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle Low German: bȫtelen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*bōtan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *bōtan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *bōtan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "bôten"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: bôten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: bôten"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "boten",
"3": "botten",
"4": "butten"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: boten, botten, butten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: boten, botten, butten"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vls",
"2": "botn"
},
"expansion": "West Flemish: botn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Flemish: botn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "pōzan",
"3": "bōzan",
"4": "bōzzan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: pōzan, bōzan, bōzzan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: pōzan, bōzan, bōzzan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "bōzen",
"3": "butzen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: bōzen, butzen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: bōzen, butzen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "boßen"
},
"expansion": "German: boßen",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "German: boßen (dialectal); bossen, possen"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "bosseln",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ German: bosseln",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ German: bosseln"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Butzen",
"pos": "noun"
},
"expansion": "German: Butzen (noun)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "German: Butzen (noun) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "butzen",
"3": "putzen",
"der": "1",
"pos2": "verb",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒? German: butzen, putzen (verb)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒? German: butzen, putzen (verb)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "bōzelen",
"3": "bōzeln",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle High German: bōzelen, bōzeln",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle High German: bōzelen, bōzeln"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "boßeln"
},
"expansion": "German: boßeln",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: boßeln"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "bōsselen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Low German: bōsselen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Low German: bōsselen"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "boßeln"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: boßeln",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: boßeln"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "anabōz",
"der": "1",
"t": "anvil"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old High German: anabōz (“anvil”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old High German: anabōz (“anvil”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "anebōz"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: anebōz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: anebōz"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "hanapus"
},
"expansion": "Cimbrian: hanapus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cimbrian: hanapus"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Amboss"
},
"expansion": "German: Amboss",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Amboss"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "*bottō",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Vulgar Latin: *bottō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Vulgar Latin: *bottō (perhaps directly borrowed into Old French, and other Romance languages borrowed from it)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "bouter"
},
"expansion": "Old French: bouter\nAnglo-Norman: boter, buter\n→ Middle English: butten, bouten\nEnglish: butt\nMiddle French: bouter\nFrench: bouter\nNorman: bouter (Jèrriais), boutaïr (Guernésiais)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old French: bouter\nAnglo-Norman: boter, buter\n→ Middle English: butten, bouten\nEnglish: butt\nMiddle French: bouter\nFrench: bouter\nNorman: bouter (Jèrriais), boutaïr (Guernésiais)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "ammuttari"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: ammuttari",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "a + (i)n + *buttari"
},
"expansion": "(a + (i)n + *buttari)",
"name": "qual"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: ammuttari (a + (i)n + *buttari)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "bottare"
},
"expansion": "Italian: bottare",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: bottare"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "botar"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan: botar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Occitan: botar"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "botar"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: botar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: botar"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "botar"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: botar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: botar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Iberian"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "botar"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: botar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: botar"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "botar"
},
"expansion": "Galician: botar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: botar"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "botar"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: botar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: botar"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "botar"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: botar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: botar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "*botōnus",
"3": "*bottonem",
"der": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒? Late Latin: *botōnus, *bottonem",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒? Late Latin: *botōnus, *bottonem (perhaps formed in Old French (bouter + -on), and other Romance languages borrowed from it)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "boton"
},
"expansion": "Old French: boton",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: boton"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "bouton"
},
"expansion": "French: bouton",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: bouton"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "bouton"
},
"expansion": "Norman: bouton",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norman: bouton"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "botoun",
"bor": "1",
"noalts": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: botoun\nEnglish: button (see there for further descendants)\nScots: button\nYola: buththone, boththone",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: botoun\nEnglish: button (see there for further descendants)\nScots: button\nYola: buththone, boththone"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italo-Dalmatian"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlm",
"2": "botaun"
},
"expansion": "Dalmatian: botaun",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dalmatian: botaun"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "bottone"
},
"expansion": "Italian: bottone",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: bottone"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "buttuni"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: buttuni",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: buttuni"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "boton"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan: boton",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Occitan: boton"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "botó"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: botó",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: botó"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "boton"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: boton",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: boton"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "buttun",
"3": "battung"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: buttun, battung",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: buttun, battung"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "boton"
},
"expansion": "Venetian: boton",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetian: boton"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Iberian"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "an",
"2": "botón"
},
"expansion": "Aragonese: botón",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aragonese: botón"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "botón"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: botón",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: botón"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "botón"
},
"expansion": "Galician: botón",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: botón"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "botão"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: botão",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: botão (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "botón"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: botón",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: botón (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bautaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bautaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *bautaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bautan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bautannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bautannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bautannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "bautu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "beōt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bautiʀi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "beōtī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bautidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "beōt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bautum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "beōtum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bautid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "beōtud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bautand",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "beōtun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bautē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "beōtī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bautēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bautē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "beōtī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bautēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "beōtīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bautēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "beōtīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bautēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "beōtīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "baut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bautid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bautandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bautan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*bautan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/bautan",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "bautijan"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-West Germanic class 7b strong verbs",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to beat"
],
"links": [
[
"beat",
"beat"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "bautan"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.