See barm in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bearm"
},
"expansion": "Old English: bearm\nMiddle English: barm, barme, bearm, berm, berme\nEnglish: barm\nScots: berme, berm, barm",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: bearm\nMiddle English: barm, barme, bearm, berm, berme\nEnglish: barm\nScots: berme, berm, barm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*barm"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *barm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *barm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "barmbracco",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old Frisian: barmbracco",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old Frisian: barmbracco"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "barm"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: barm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: barm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "barme"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: barme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: barme"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "barm"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: barm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: barm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "barm",
"3": "barn",
"4": "parm"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: barm, barn, parm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: barm, barn, parm"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Barm"
},
"expansion": "German: Barm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Barm"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*barmaz",
"t": "lap"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *barmaz (“lap”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *barmaz (“lap”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "barm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barmō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barmōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barmā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barmas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barmō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barmē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barmum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barmu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barmum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*barm m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/barm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"lap"
],
"id": "en-barm-gmw-pro-noun-Bmrd9nQe",
"links": [
[
"lap",
"lap"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bosom"
],
"id": "en-barm-gmw-pro-noun-Upt-z1Y7",
"links": [
[
"bosom",
"bosom"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "barm"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*barm",
"3": "*berm"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *barm, *berm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *barm, *berm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "barm",
"3": "berm"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: barm, berm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: barm, berm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*barm"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *barm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *barm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "barm",
"3": "berme"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: barm, berme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: barm, berme"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Berme"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Berme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Berme"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Berme",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Berme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Berme"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*barm"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *barm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *barm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "barm",
"3": "barem",
"4": "baerm"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: barm, barem, baerm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: barm, barem, baerm"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "berm"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: berm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: berm"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "berme",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: berme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: berme"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "berm",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: berm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: berm"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*barmaz",
"t": "edge"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *barmaz (“edge”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *barmaz (“edge”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "barm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barmō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barmōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barmā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barmas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barmō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barmē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barmum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barmu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barmum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*barm m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/barm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 35 51 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 20 73 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"border, edge"
],
"id": "en-barm-gmw-pro-noun-YP-nqylj",
"links": [
[
"border",
"border"
],
[
"edge",
"edge"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bank"
],
"id": "en-barm-gmw-pro-noun-Q4HcKrFC",
"links": [
[
"bank",
"bank"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "barm"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine a-stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bearm"
},
"expansion": "Old English: bearm\nMiddle English: barm, barme, bearm, berm, berme\nEnglish: barm\nScots: berme, berm, barm",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: bearm\nMiddle English: barm, barme, bearm, berm, berme\nEnglish: barm\nScots: berme, berm, barm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*barm"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *barm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *barm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "barmbracco",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old Frisian: barmbracco",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old Frisian: barmbracco"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "barm"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: barm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: barm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "barme"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: barme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: barme"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "barm"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: barm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: barm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "barm",
"3": "barn",
"4": "parm"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: barm, barn, parm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: barm, barn, parm"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Barm"
},
"expansion": "German: Barm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Barm"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*barmaz",
"t": "lap"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *barmaz (“lap”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *barmaz (“lap”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "barm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barmō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barmōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barmā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barmas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barmō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barmē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barmum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barmu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barmum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*barm m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/barm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"gmw-pro:Body parts"
],
"glosses": [
"lap"
],
"links": [
[
"lap",
"lap"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bosom"
],
"links": [
[
"bosom",
"bosom"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "barm"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine a-stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*barm",
"3": "*berm"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *barm, *berm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *barm, *berm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "barm",
"3": "berm"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: barm, berm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: barm, berm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*barm"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *barm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *barm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "barm",
"3": "berme"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: barm, berme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: barm, berme"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Berme"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Berme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Berme"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Berme",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Berme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Berme"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*barm"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *barm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *barm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "barm",
"3": "barem",
"4": "baerm"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: barm, barem, baerm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: barm, barem, baerm"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "berm"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: berm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: berm"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "berme",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: berme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: berme"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "berm",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: berm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: berm"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*barmaz",
"t": "edge"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *barmaz (“edge”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *barmaz (“edge”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "barm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barmō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barmōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barmā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barmas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barmō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barmē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barmum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barmu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "barmum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*barm m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/barm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"border, edge"
],
"links": [
[
"border",
"border"
],
[
"edge",
"edge"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bank"
],
"links": [
[
"bank",
"bank"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "barm"
}
Download raw JSONL data for barm meaning in Proto-West Germanic (7.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (7c21d10 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.