See -laus in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "-lēas"
},
"expansion": "Old English: -lēas\nMiddle English: -les, -las, -lasse, -læs, -leas, -lease, -leæs, -lese, -lesse, -lez, -lies, -liese, -lis, -lise, -lyas, -lyese\nEnglish: -less\nScots: -less",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: -lēas\nMiddle English: -les, -las, -lasse, -læs, -leas, -lease, -leæs, -lese, -lesse, -lez, -lies, -liese, -lis, -lise, -lyas, -lyese\nEnglish: -less\nScots: -less"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "-lās"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: -lās",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: -lās"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "-loos"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: -loos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: -loos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "-leas"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: -leas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: -leas"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "-lōs"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: -lōs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: -lōs"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "-lōs"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: -lōs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: -lōs"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pdt",
"2": "-looss"
},
"expansion": "Plautdietsch: -looss",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Plautdietsch: -looss"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "-lōs"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: -lōs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: -lōs"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "-loos"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: -loos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: -loos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-loos"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: -loos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: -loos"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "-loos"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: -loos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: -loos"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "-lōs"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: -lōs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: -lōs"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "-lōs"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: -lōs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: -lōs"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-los"
},
"expansion": "German: -los",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: -los"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "־לאָז"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: ־לאָז (-loz)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: ־לאָז (-loz)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lewh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-lausaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-lausaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *-lausaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-laus",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-lausō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-lausōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laus",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-lausā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-lausas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-lausō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-lausē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-lausum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-lausu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-lausum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*-laus m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-laus",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"without, -less"
],
"id": "en--laus-gmw-pro-suffix-QvSGVXQF",
"links": [
[
"without",
"without"
],
[
"-less",
"-less"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-laus"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "-lēas"
},
"expansion": "Old English: -lēas\nMiddle English: -les, -las, -lasse, -læs, -leas, -lease, -leæs, -lese, -lesse, -lez, -lies, -liese, -lis, -lise, -lyas, -lyese\nEnglish: -less\nScots: -less",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: -lēas\nMiddle English: -les, -las, -lasse, -læs, -leas, -lease, -leæs, -lese, -lesse, -lez, -lies, -liese, -lis, -lise, -lyas, -lyese\nEnglish: -less\nScots: -less"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "-lās"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: -lās",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: -lās"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "-loos"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: -loos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: -loos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "-leas"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: -leas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: -leas"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "-lōs"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: -lōs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: -lōs"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "-lōs"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: -lōs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: -lōs"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pdt",
"2": "-looss"
},
"expansion": "Plautdietsch: -looss",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Plautdietsch: -looss"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "-lōs"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: -lōs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: -lōs"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "-loos"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: -loos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: -loos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-loos"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: -loos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: -loos"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "-loos"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: -loos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: -loos"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "-lōs"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: -lōs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: -lōs"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "-lōs"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: -lōs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: -lōs"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-los"
},
"expansion": "German: -los",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: -los"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "־לאָז"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: ־לאָז (-loz)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: ־לאָז (-loz)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lewh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-lausaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-lausaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *-lausaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-laus",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-lausō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-lausōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-laus",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-lausā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-lausas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-lausō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-lausē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-lausum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-lausu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-lausum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*-laus m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-laus",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic adjective-forming suffixes",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine a-stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine suffixes",
"Proto-West Germanic suffixes",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *lewh₁-",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic"
],
"glosses": [
"without, -less"
],
"links": [
[
"without",
"without"
],
[
"-less",
"-less"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-laus"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -laus meaning in Proto-West Germanic (5.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (9e2b7d3 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.