See ōfer in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for ōfer meaning in Proto-West Germanic (6.2kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ōfer",
"3": "ōfor",
"4": "ōbr"
},
"expansion": "Old English: ōfer, ōfor, ōbr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: ōfer, ōfor, ōbr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "over"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: over",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: over"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "over"
},
"expansion": "English: over",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: over"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "offer"
},
"expansion": "Scots: offer",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: offer"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "ōvera",
"3": "ōvere"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: ōvera, ōvere",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: ōvera, ōvere"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "over"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: over",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: over"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Ouger",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Ouger n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Ouger n"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "ouwer"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: ouwer",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: ouwer"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*ovar"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *ovar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *ovar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "över",
"3": "oever",
"4": "oyver",
"5": "auver"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: över, oever, oyver, auver",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: över, oever, oyver, auver"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Över"
},
"expansion": "Low German: Över",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: Över"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*uovar",
"3": "*ōvar"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *uovar, *ōvar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *uovar, *ōvar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "oever"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: oever\nDutch: oever\nAfrikaans: oewer\nLimburgish: euver",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: oever\nDutch: oever\nAfrikaans: oewer\nLimburgish: euver"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "*uofar"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: *uofar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: *uofar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "uover",
"3": "uober"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: uover, uober",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: uover, uober"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Ufer"
},
"expansion": "German: Ufer",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Ufer"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ōferaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ōferaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*h₂éh₁-per-o-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂éh₁-per-o-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂éd",
"3": "*per-",
"4": "*-os",
"alt1": "*h₂éh₁",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "to, at",
"t2": "beyond, across"
},
"expansion": "*h₂éh₁ (“to, at”) + *per- (“beyond, across”) + *-os",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πέρας",
"t": "end, boundary"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πέρας (péras, “end, boundary”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἤπειρος",
"t": "mainland"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἤπειρος (ḗpeiros, “mainland”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ափն",
"t": "edge; shore"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian ափն (apʻn, “edge; shore”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *ōferaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éh₁-per-o-s, from *h₂éh₁ (“to, at”) + *per- (“beyond, across”) + *-os, (whence Ancient Greek πέρας (péras, “end, boundary”)) + *-os. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἤπειρος (ḗpeiros, “mainland”), and possibly Old Armenian ափն (apʻn, “edge; shore”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ōfer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ōfer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*ōfer m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/ōfer",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "87 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"border, edge (of a body of water)"
],
"id": "en-ōfer-gmw-pro-noun-FSkSH3S9",
"links": [
[
"border",
"border"
],
[
"edge",
"edge"
],
[
"body of water",
"body of water"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"shoreline"
],
"id": "en-ōfer-gmw-pro-noun-uFbTRr-3",
"links": [
[
"shoreline",
"shoreline"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "ōfer"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine a-stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *per-",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ōfer",
"3": "ōfor",
"4": "ōbr"
},
"expansion": "Old English: ōfer, ōfor, ōbr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: ōfer, ōfor, ōbr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "over"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: over",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: over"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "over"
},
"expansion": "English: over",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: over"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "offer"
},
"expansion": "Scots: offer",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: offer"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "ōvera",
"3": "ōvere"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: ōvera, ōvere",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: ōvera, ōvere"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "over"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: over",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: over"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Ouger",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Ouger n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Ouger n"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "ouwer"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: ouwer",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: ouwer"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*ovar"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *ovar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *ovar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "över",
"3": "oever",
"4": "oyver",
"5": "auver"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: över, oever, oyver, auver",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: över, oever, oyver, auver"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Över"
},
"expansion": "Low German: Över",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: Över"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*uovar",
"3": "*ōvar"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *uovar, *ōvar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *uovar, *ōvar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "oever"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: oever\nDutch: oever\nAfrikaans: oewer\nLimburgish: euver",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: oever\nDutch: oever\nAfrikaans: oewer\nLimburgish: euver"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "*uofar"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: *uofar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: *uofar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "uover",
"3": "uober"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: uover, uober",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: uover, uober"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Ufer"
},
"expansion": "German: Ufer",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Ufer"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ōferaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ōferaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*h₂éh₁-per-o-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂éh₁-per-o-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂éd",
"3": "*per-",
"4": "*-os",
"alt1": "*h₂éh₁",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "to, at",
"t2": "beyond, across"
},
"expansion": "*h₂éh₁ (“to, at”) + *per- (“beyond, across”) + *-os",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πέρας",
"t": "end, boundary"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πέρας (péras, “end, boundary”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἤπειρος",
"t": "mainland"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἤπειρος (ḗpeiros, “mainland”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ափն",
"t": "edge; shore"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian ափն (apʻn, “edge; shore”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *ōferaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éh₁-per-o-s, from *h₂éh₁ (“to, at”) + *per- (“beyond, across”) + *-os, (whence Ancient Greek πέρας (péras, “end, boundary”)) + *-os. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἤπειρος (ḗpeiros, “mainland”), and possibly Old Armenian ափն (apʻn, “edge; shore”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ōfer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ōfer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*ōfer m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/ōfer",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"border, edge (of a body of water)"
],
"links": [
[
"border",
"border"
],
[
"edge",
"edge"
],
[
"body of water",
"body of water"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"gmw-pro:Bodies of water"
],
"glosses": [
"shoreline"
],
"links": [
[
"shoreline",
"shoreline"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "ōfer"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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