See ōfer on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ōfer",
"3": "ōfor",
"4": "ōbr"
},
"expansion": "Old English: ōfer, ōfor, ōbr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: ōfer, ōfor, ōbr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "over"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: over",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: over"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "over"
},
"expansion": "English: over",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: over"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "offer"
},
"expansion": "Scots: offer",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: offer"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "ōvera",
"3": "ōvere"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: ōvera, ōvere",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: ōvera, ōvere"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "over"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: over",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: over"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Ouger",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Ouger n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Ouger n"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "ouwer"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: ouwer",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: ouwer"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*ovar"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *ovar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *ovar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "över",
"3": "oever",
"4": "oyver",
"5": "auver"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: över, oever, oyver, auver",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: över, oever, oyver, auver"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Över"
},
"expansion": "Low German: Över",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: Över"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*uovar",
"3": "*ōvar"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *uovar, *ōvar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *uovar, *ōvar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "oever"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: oever\nDutch: oever\nAfrikaans: oewer\nLimburgish: euver",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: oever\nDutch: oever\nAfrikaans: oewer\nLimburgish: euver"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "*uofar"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: *uofar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: *uofar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "uover",
"3": "uober"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: uover, uober",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: uover, uober"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Ufer"
},
"expansion": "German: Ufer",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Ufer"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ōferaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ōferaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*h₂éh₁-per-o-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂éh₁-per-o-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂éd",
"3": "*per-",
"4": "*-os",
"alt1": "*h₂éh₁",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "to, at",
"t2": "beyond, across"
},
"expansion": "*h₂éh₁ (“to, at”) + *per- (“beyond, across”) + *-os",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πέρας",
"t": "end, boundary"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πέρας (péras, “end, boundary”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἤπειρος",
"t": "mainland"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἤπειρος (ḗpeiros, “mainland”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ափն",
"t": "edge; shore"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian ափն (apʻn, “edge; shore”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *ōferaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éh₁-per-o-s, from *h₂éh₁ (“to, at”) + *per- (“beyond, across”) + *-os, (whence Ancient Greek πέρας (péras, “end, boundary”)) + *-os. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἤπειρος (ḗpeiros, “mainland”), and possibly Old Armenian ափն (apʻn, “edge; shore”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ōfer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ōfer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*ōfer m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/ōfer",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "84 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "89 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "95 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"border, edge (of a body of water)"
],
"id": "en-ōfer-gmw-pro-noun-FSkSH3S9",
"links": [
[
"border",
"border"
],
[
"edge",
"edge"
],
[
"body of water",
"body of water"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"shoreline"
],
"id": "en-ōfer-gmw-pro-noun-uFbTRr-3",
"links": [
[
"shoreline",
"shoreline"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "ōfer"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine a-stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *per-",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ōfer",
"3": "ōfor",
"4": "ōbr"
},
"expansion": "Old English: ōfer, ōfor, ōbr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: ōfer, ōfor, ōbr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "over"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: over",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: over"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "over"
},
"expansion": "English: over",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: over"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "offer"
},
"expansion": "Scots: offer",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: offer"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "ōvera",
"3": "ōvere"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: ōvera, ōvere",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: ōvera, ōvere"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "over"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: over",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: over"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Ouger",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Ouger n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Ouger n"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "ouwer"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: ouwer",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: ouwer"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*ovar"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *ovar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *ovar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "över",
"3": "oever",
"4": "oyver",
"5": "auver"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: över, oever, oyver, auver",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: över, oever, oyver, auver"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Över"
},
"expansion": "Low German: Över",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: Över"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*uovar",
"3": "*ōvar"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *uovar, *ōvar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *uovar, *ōvar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "oever"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: oever\nDutch: oever\nAfrikaans: oewer\nLimburgish: euver",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: oever\nDutch: oever\nAfrikaans: oewer\nLimburgish: euver"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "*uofar"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: *uofar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: *uofar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "uover",
"3": "uober"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: uover, uober",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: uover, uober"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Ufer"
},
"expansion": "German: Ufer",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Ufer"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ōferaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ōferaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*h₂éh₁-per-o-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂éh₁-per-o-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂éd",
"3": "*per-",
"4": "*-os",
"alt1": "*h₂éh₁",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "to, at",
"t2": "beyond, across"
},
"expansion": "*h₂éh₁ (“to, at”) + *per- (“beyond, across”) + *-os",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πέρας",
"t": "end, boundary"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πέρας (péras, “end, boundary”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἤπειρος",
"t": "mainland"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἤπειρος (ḗpeiros, “mainland”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ափն",
"t": "edge; shore"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian ափն (apʻn, “edge; shore”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *ōferaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éh₁-per-o-s, from *h₂éh₁ (“to, at”) + *per- (“beyond, across”) + *-os, (whence Ancient Greek πέρας (péras, “end, boundary”)) + *-os. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἤπειρος (ḗpeiros, “mainland”), and possibly Old Armenian ափն (apʻn, “edge; shore”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ōfer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ōfer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ōferum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*ōfer m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/ōfer",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"border, edge (of a body of water)"
],
"links": [
[
"border",
"border"
],
[
"edge",
"edge"
],
[
"body of water",
"body of water"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"gmw-pro:Bodies of water"
],
"glosses": [
"shoreline"
],
"links": [
[
"shoreline",
"shoreline"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "ōfer"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ōfer meaning in All languages combined (6.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (7c21d10 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.