See kalkan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for kalkan meaning in Proto-Turkic (7.2kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-cmn",
"2": "*kalkan"
},
"expansion": "Common Turkic: *kalkan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Common Turkic: *kalkan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"tr": "kalkan"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (kalkan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (kalkan)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "qalxan"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: qalxan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: qalxan"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "قلقان",
"tr": "kalkan"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: قلقان (kalkan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: قلقان (kalkan)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "kalkan"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: kalkan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: kalkan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "galkan"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: galkan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: galkan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"tr": "qalqan"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid: [script needed] (qalqan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid: [script needed] (qalqan)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"tr": "qalqan"
},
"expansion": "Chagatai: [script needed] (qalqan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chagatai: [script needed] (qalqan)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "قالقان",
"tr": "qalqan"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: قالقان (qalqan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: قالقان (qalqan)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "qalqon"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: qalqon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: qalqon"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "قلقان",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "qalqân"
},
"expansion": "→ Persian: قلقان (qalqân)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Persian: قلقان (qalqân)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "ҡалҡан"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir: ҡалҡан (qalqan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bashkir: ҡалҡан (qalqan)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "калкан"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: калкан (qalkan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: калкан (qalkan)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crh",
"2": "qalqan"
},
"expansion": "Crimean Tatar: qalqan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Crimean Tatar: qalqan"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kdr",
"2": "калкан",
"tr": "qalqan"
},
"expansion": "Karaim: калкан (qalqan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karaim: калкан (qalqan)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaa",
"2": "qalqan"
},
"expansion": "Karakalpak: qalqan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakalpak: qalqan"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "қалқан"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: қалқан (qalqan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: қалқан (qalqan)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nog",
"2": "калкан"
},
"expansion": "Nogai: калкан (kalkan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nogai: калкан (kalkan)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "калкан"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: калкан (kalkan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: калкан (kalkan)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oui",
"2": "qʾlqʾn",
"tr": "qalqan"
},
"expansion": "Old Uyghur: qʾlqʾn (qalqan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Uyghur: qʾlqʾn (qalqan)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*kalkan",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Proto-Mongolic: *kalkan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Proto-Mongolic: *kalkan"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*kalkan",
"t": "shield"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *kalkan (“shield”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*kalk-",
"3": "*-gan",
"t1": "to rise"
},
"expansion": "*kalk- (“to rise”) + *-gan",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clauson suggests that this is a basic noun, however in terms of its origin there have been multiple theories:\n# Rasanen and Nishanyan sugget that this is a borrowing from Proto-Mongolic *kalkan (“shield”) however ESMJa and Clauson suggest the reverse.\n# Nishanyan attempts to explain a native origin as a derivation *kalk- (“to rise”) + *-gan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "trk-pro-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kalkan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalkannï",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalkanïg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalkannïg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalkannïŋ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalkanka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalkanta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalkantan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalkangaru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalkanïn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalkanča",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalkanlayu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalkanlïgu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*kalkan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "a"
},
"name": "trk-pro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kalkan",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Common Turkic",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Uyghur terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"shield"
],
"id": "en-kalkan-trk-pro-noun-BypibtLW",
"links": [
[
"weaponry",
"weaponry"
],
[
"shield",
"shield"
]
],
"qualifier": "Common Turkic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Common Turkic, weaponry) shield"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"topics": [
"engineering",
"government",
"military",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"politics",
"tools",
"war",
"weaponry"
]
}
],
"word": "kalkan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-cmn",
"2": "*kalkan"
},
"expansion": "Common Turkic: *kalkan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Common Turkic: *kalkan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"tr": "kalkan"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (kalkan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (kalkan)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "qalxan"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: qalxan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: qalxan"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "قلقان",
"tr": "kalkan"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: قلقان (kalkan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: قلقان (kalkan)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "kalkan"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: kalkan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: kalkan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "galkan"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: galkan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: galkan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"tr": "qalqan"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid: [script needed] (qalqan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid: [script needed] (qalqan)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"tr": "qalqan"
},
"expansion": "Chagatai: [script needed] (qalqan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chagatai: [script needed] (qalqan)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "قالقان",
"tr": "qalqan"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: قالقان (qalqan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: قالقان (qalqan)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "qalqon"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: qalqon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: qalqon"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "قلقان",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "qalqân"
},
"expansion": "→ Persian: قلقان (qalqân)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Persian: قلقان (qalqân)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "ҡалҡан"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir: ҡалҡан (qalqan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bashkir: ҡалҡан (qalqan)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "калкан"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: калкан (qalkan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: калкан (qalkan)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crh",
"2": "qalqan"
},
"expansion": "Crimean Tatar: qalqan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Crimean Tatar: qalqan"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kdr",
"2": "калкан",
"tr": "qalqan"
},
"expansion": "Karaim: калкан (qalqan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karaim: калкан (qalqan)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaa",
"2": "qalqan"
},
"expansion": "Karakalpak: qalqan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakalpak: qalqan"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "қалқан"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: қалқан (qalqan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: қалқан (qalqan)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nog",
"2": "калкан"
},
"expansion": "Nogai: калкан (kalkan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nogai: калкан (kalkan)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "калкан"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: калкан (kalkan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: калкан (kalkan)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oui",
"2": "qʾlqʾn",
"tr": "qalqan"
},
"expansion": "Old Uyghur: qʾlqʾn (qalqan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Uyghur: qʾlqʾn (qalqan)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*kalkan",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Proto-Mongolic: *kalkan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Proto-Mongolic: *kalkan"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*kalkan",
"t": "shield"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *kalkan (“shield”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*kalk-",
"3": "*-gan",
"t1": "to rise"
},
"expansion": "*kalk- (“to rise”) + *-gan",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clauson suggests that this is a basic noun, however in terms of its origin there have been multiple theories:\n# Rasanen and Nishanyan sugget that this is a borrowing from Proto-Mongolic *kalkan (“shield”) however ESMJa and Clauson suggest the reverse.\n# Nishanyan attempts to explain a native origin as a derivation *kalk- (“to rise”) + *-gan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "trk-pro-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kalkan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalkannï",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalkanïg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalkannïg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalkannïŋ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalkanka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalkanta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalkantan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalkangaru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalkanïn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalkanča",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalkanlayu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalkanlïgu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*kalkan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "a"
},
"name": "trk-pro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kalkan",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Common Turkic",
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic nouns",
"Requests for native script for Chagatai terms",
"Requests for native script for Karakhanid terms",
"Requests for native script for Old Anatolian Turkish terms",
"Uyghur terms with redundant transliterations",
"trk-pro:Armor",
"trk-pro:Weapons"
],
"glosses": [
"shield"
],
"links": [
[
"weaponry",
"weaponry"
],
[
"shield",
"shield"
]
],
"qualifier": "Common Turkic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Common Turkic, weaponry) shield"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"topics": [
"engineering",
"government",
"military",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"politics",
"tools",
"war",
"weaponry"
]
}
],
"word": "kalkan"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Turkic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.