See bēg in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "trk-ogz-pro", "2": "" }, "expansion": "Proto-Oghuz:", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "trk-oat", "2": "" }, "expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish:", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "az", "2": "bəy" }, "expansion": "Azerbaijani: bəy", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "ota", "2": "بك", "tr": "bey" }, "expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: بك (bey), պէն (ben), պէնք (benk) — Armeno-Turkish\nTurkish: bey\n→ Albanian: bej\n→ Arabic: بِيه (bīh), بَاي (bāy), بِك (bik)\n→ Armenian: բեկ (bek)\n→ Bulgarian: бей (bej)\n→ Dutch: bei, beg\n→ English: bey\n→ Finnish: bey\n→ French: bey\n→ Georgian: ბაი (bai), ბეგი (begi)\n→ German: Bey\n→ Greek: μπέης (béis), βέης (véis)\n→ Hungarian: bey, bég\n→ Latin: begus\n→ Macedonian: бег (beg)\n→ Portuguese: bei\n→ Romanian: bei\n→ Russian: бек (bek), бей (bej)\n→ Serbo-Croatian: beg / бег\n→ Spanish: bey", "name": "desctree" }, { "args": { "1": "tk", "2": "beg" }, "expansion": "Turkmen: beg", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "xqa", "2": "باك" }, "expansion": "Karakhanid: باك", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "zkh", "2": "" }, "expansion": "Khorezmian Turkic:", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "chg", "2": "" }, "expansion": "Chagatai:", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "uz", "2": "bek" }, "expansion": "Uzbek: bek", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "ug", "2": "بەگ" }, "expansion": "Uyghur: بەگ (beg)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "qwm", "2": "" }, "expansion": "Kipchak:", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "ba", "2": "бей" }, "expansion": "Bashkir: бей (bey)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "tt", "2": "бәк" }, "expansion": "Tatar: бәк (bäk)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "crh", "2": "" }, "expansion": "Crimean Tatar:", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "krc", "2": "" }, "expansion": "Karachay-Balkar:", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "kum", "2": "" }, "expansion": "Kumyk:", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "uum", "2": "" }, "expansion": "Urum:", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "kk", "2": "" }, "expansion": "Kazakh:", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "kaa", "2": "" }, "expansion": "Karakalpak:", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "nog", "2": "" }, "expansion": "Nogai:", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "ky", "2": "бек" }, "expansion": "Kyrgyz: бек (bek)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "alt", "2": "бек" }, "expansion": "Southern Altai: бек (bek)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "otk", "2": "𐰋𐰏", "tr": "beg" }, "expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐰋𐰏 (beg)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "fa-cls", "2": "بیگ", "bor": "1", "tr": "bēg" }, "expansion": "→ Classical Persian: بیگ (bēg)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "fa-ira", "2": "بیگ", "tr": "beyg" }, "expansion": "Iranian Persian: بیگ (beyg)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "ar", "2": "بيك", "bor": "1", "tr": "bēg" }, "expansion": "→ Arabic: بيك (bēg)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "bn", "2": "বেগ", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Bengali: বেগ (beg)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "pa", "2": "بیگ", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Punjabi: بیگ (beg)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "sd", "2": "بيگُ", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Sindhi: بيگُ", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "ur", "2": "بیگ", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Urdu: بیگ (beg)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Common Turkic:\n** Proto-Oghuz:\n*** West Oghuz:\n**** Old Anatolian Turkish:\n***** Azerbaijani: bəy\n***** Ottoman Turkish: بك (bey), պէն (ben), պէնք (benk) — Armeno-Turkish\nTurkish: bey\n→ Albanian: bej\n→ Arabic: بِيه (bīh), بَاي (bāy), بِك (bik)\n→ Armenian: բեկ (bek)\n→ Bulgarian: бей (bej)\n→ Dutch: bei, beg\n→ English: bey\n→ Finnish: bey\n→ French: bey\n→ Georgian: ბაი (bai), ბეგი (begi)\n→ German: Bey\n→ Greek: μπέης (béis), βέης (véis)\n→ Hungarian: bey, bég\n→ Latin: begus\n→ Macedonian: бег (beg)\n→ Portuguese: bei\n→ Romanian: bei\n→ Russian: бек (bek), бей (bej)\n→ Serbo-Croatian: beg / бег\n→ Spanish: bey\n*** East Oghuz:\n**** Turkmen: beg\n** Karluk:\n*** Karakhanid: باك\n**** Khorezmian Turkic:\n***** Chagatai:\n****** Uzbek: bek\n****** Uyghur: بەگ (beg)\n** Kipchak:\n*** Kipchak:\n**** North Kipchak:\n***** Bashkir: бей (bey)\n***** Tatar: бәк (bäk)\n**** West Kipchak:\n***** Crimean Tatar:\n***** Karachay-Balkar:\n***** Kumyk:\n***** Urum:\n**** South Kipchak:\n***** Kazakh:\n***** Karakalpak:\n***** Nogai:\n**** East Kipchak:\n***** Kyrgyz: бек (bek)\n***** Southern Altai: бек (bek)\n** Old Turkic: 𐰋𐰏 (beg)\n** → Classical Persian: بیگ (bēg)\n*** Iranian Persian: بیگ (beyg)\n*** → Arabic: بيك (bēg)\n*** → Bengali: বেগ (beg)\n*** → Punjabi: بیگ (beg)\n*** → Sindhi: بيگُ\n*** → Urdu: بیگ (beg)" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "trk-pro", "2": "ltc", "3": "-" }, "expansion": "Middle Chinese", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "百", "2": "hundred" }, "expansion": "百 (MC paek, “hundred”)", "name": "ltc-l" }, { "args": { "1": "佰", "2": "the head of a hundred men", "tr": "paek" }, "expansion": "佰 (MC paek, “the head of a hundred men”)", "name": "ltc-l" }, { "args": { "1": "伯", "2": "eldest brother, father's older brother > count" }, "expansion": "伯 (MC paek, “eldest brother, father's older brother > count”)", "name": "ltc-l" }, { "args": { "1": "霸", "2": "hegemon", "tr": "paek" }, "expansion": "霸 (MC paek, “hegemon”)", "name": "ltc-l" }, { "args": { "1": "trk-pro", "2": "ira-mid" }, "expansion": "Middle Iranian", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "trk-pro", "2": "sog", "3": "", "4": "", "5": "lord, master", "tr": "baga" }, "expansion": "Sogdian [script needed] (baga, “lord, master”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "trk-pro", "2": "peo", "3": "𐏎", "t": "god" }, "expansion": "Old Persian 𐏎 (BG, “god”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "trk-pro", "2": "ira-pro", "3": "*bagáh" }, "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *bagáh", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "trk-pro", "2": "iir-pro", "3": "*bʰagás", "lit": "dispenser", "t": "god" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰagás (“god”, literally “dispenser”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "trk-pro", "2": "trk", "3": "-" }, "expansion": "Turkic", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "sla-pro", "2": "*bãnъ", "t": "ruler" }, "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bãnъ (“ruler”)", "name": "m+" } ], "etymology_text": "There are different theories about the further etymology of the word.\n* According to one theory the word may ultimately come from Middle Chinese 百 (MC paek, “hundred”), 佰 (MC paek, “the head of a hundred men”), or 伯 (MC paek, “eldest brother, father's older brother > count”) ~ 霸 (MC paek, “hegemon”).\n* Another theory states that the word may have its origins in Middle Iranian, specifically Sogdian [script needed] (baga, “lord, master”) or Old Persian 𐏎 (BG, “god”), all from Proto-Iranian *bagáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰagás (“god”, literally “dispenser”).\nHowever, German Turkologist Gerhard Doerfer assessed the derivation from an Iranian language as quite uncertain and pointed out that the word may be genuinely Turkic.\nProbably a similar Turkic form gave rise to Late Proto-Slavic *bãnъ (“ruler”).", "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "trk-pro", "2": "noun" }, "expansion": "*bēg", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Proto-Turkic", "lang_code": "trk-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bēg", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" } ], "derived": [ { "word": "bēgen-" } ], "glosses": [ "lord" ], "id": "en-bēg-trk-pro-noun-CWs3ZNlh", "links": [ [ "lord", "lord" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] } ], "word": "bēg" }
{ "derived": [ { "word": "bēgen-" } ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "trk-ogz-pro", "2": "" }, "expansion": "Proto-Oghuz:", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "trk-oat", "2": "" }, "expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish:", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "az", "2": "bəy" }, "expansion": "Azerbaijani: bəy", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "ota", "2": "بك", "tr": "bey" }, "expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: بك (bey), պէն (ben), պէնք (benk) — Armeno-Turkish\nTurkish: bey\n→ Albanian: bej\n→ Arabic: بِيه (bīh), بَاي (bāy), بِك (bik)\n→ Armenian: բեկ (bek)\n→ Bulgarian: бей (bej)\n→ Dutch: bei, beg\n→ English: bey\n→ Finnish: bey\n→ French: bey\n→ Georgian: ბაი (bai), ბეგი (begi)\n→ German: Bey\n→ Greek: μπέης (béis), βέης (véis)\n→ Hungarian: bey, bég\n→ Latin: begus\n→ Macedonian: бег (beg)\n→ Portuguese: bei\n→ Romanian: bei\n→ Russian: бек (bek), бей (bej)\n→ Serbo-Croatian: beg / бег\n→ Spanish: bey", "name": "desctree" }, { "args": { "1": "tk", "2": "beg" }, "expansion": "Turkmen: beg", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "xqa", "2": "باك" }, "expansion": "Karakhanid: باك", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "zkh", "2": "" }, "expansion": "Khorezmian Turkic:", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "chg", "2": "" }, "expansion": "Chagatai:", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "uz", "2": "bek" }, "expansion": "Uzbek: bek", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "ug", "2": "بەگ" }, "expansion": "Uyghur: بەگ (beg)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "qwm", "2": "" }, "expansion": "Kipchak:", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "ba", "2": "бей" }, "expansion": "Bashkir: бей (bey)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "tt", "2": "бәк" }, "expansion": "Tatar: бәк (bäk)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "crh", "2": "" }, "expansion": "Crimean Tatar:", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "krc", "2": "" }, "expansion": "Karachay-Balkar:", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "kum", "2": "" }, "expansion": "Kumyk:", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "uum", "2": "" }, "expansion": "Urum:", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "kk", "2": "" }, "expansion": "Kazakh:", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "kaa", "2": "" }, "expansion": "Karakalpak:", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "nog", "2": "" }, "expansion": "Nogai:", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "ky", "2": "бек" }, "expansion": "Kyrgyz: бек (bek)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "alt", "2": "бек" }, "expansion": "Southern Altai: бек (bek)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "otk", "2": "𐰋𐰏", "tr": "beg" }, "expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐰋𐰏 (beg)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "fa-cls", "2": "بیگ", "bor": "1", "tr": "bēg" }, "expansion": "→ Classical Persian: بیگ (bēg)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "fa-ira", "2": "بیگ", "tr": "beyg" }, "expansion": "Iranian Persian: بیگ (beyg)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "ar", "2": "بيك", "bor": "1", "tr": "bēg" }, "expansion": "→ Arabic: بيك (bēg)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "bn", "2": "বেগ", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Bengali: বেগ (beg)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "pa", "2": "بیگ", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Punjabi: بیگ (beg)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "sd", "2": "بيگُ", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Sindhi: بيگُ", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "ur", "2": "بیگ", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Urdu: بیگ (beg)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Common Turkic:\n** Proto-Oghuz:\n*** West Oghuz:\n**** Old Anatolian Turkish:\n***** Azerbaijani: bəy\n***** Ottoman Turkish: بك (bey), պէն (ben), պէնք (benk) — Armeno-Turkish\nTurkish: bey\n→ Albanian: bej\n→ Arabic: بِيه (bīh), بَاي (bāy), بِك (bik)\n→ Armenian: բեկ (bek)\n→ Bulgarian: бей (bej)\n→ Dutch: bei, beg\n→ English: bey\n→ Finnish: bey\n→ French: bey\n→ Georgian: ბაი (bai), ბეგი (begi)\n→ German: Bey\n→ Greek: μπέης (béis), βέης (véis)\n→ Hungarian: bey, bég\n→ Latin: begus\n→ Macedonian: бег (beg)\n→ Portuguese: bei\n→ Romanian: bei\n→ Russian: бек (bek), бей (bej)\n→ Serbo-Croatian: beg / бег\n→ Spanish: bey\n*** East Oghuz:\n**** Turkmen: beg\n** Karluk:\n*** Karakhanid: باك\n**** Khorezmian Turkic:\n***** Chagatai:\n****** Uzbek: bek\n****** Uyghur: بەگ (beg)\n** Kipchak:\n*** Kipchak:\n**** North Kipchak:\n***** Bashkir: бей (bey)\n***** Tatar: бәк (bäk)\n**** West Kipchak:\n***** Crimean Tatar:\n***** Karachay-Balkar:\n***** Kumyk:\n***** Urum:\n**** South Kipchak:\n***** Kazakh:\n***** Karakalpak:\n***** Nogai:\n**** East Kipchak:\n***** Kyrgyz: бек (bek)\n***** Southern Altai: бек (bek)\n** Old Turkic: 𐰋𐰏 (beg)\n** → Classical Persian: بیگ (bēg)\n*** Iranian Persian: بیگ (beyg)\n*** → Arabic: بيك (bēg)\n*** → Bengali: বেগ (beg)\n*** → Punjabi: بیگ (beg)\n*** → Sindhi: بيگُ\n*** → Urdu: بیگ (beg)" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "trk-pro", "2": "ltc", "3": "-" }, "expansion": "Middle Chinese", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "百", "2": "hundred" }, "expansion": "百 (MC paek, “hundred”)", "name": "ltc-l" }, { "args": { "1": "佰", "2": "the head of a hundred men", "tr": "paek" }, "expansion": "佰 (MC paek, “the head of a hundred men”)", "name": "ltc-l" }, { "args": { "1": "伯", "2": "eldest brother, father's older brother > count" }, "expansion": "伯 (MC paek, “eldest brother, father's older brother > count”)", "name": "ltc-l" }, { "args": { "1": "霸", "2": "hegemon", "tr": "paek" }, "expansion": "霸 (MC paek, “hegemon”)", "name": "ltc-l" }, { "args": { "1": "trk-pro", "2": "ira-mid" }, "expansion": "Middle Iranian", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "trk-pro", "2": "sog", "3": "", "4": "", "5": "lord, master", "tr": "baga" }, "expansion": "Sogdian [script needed] (baga, “lord, master”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "trk-pro", "2": "peo", "3": "𐏎", "t": "god" }, "expansion": "Old Persian 𐏎 (BG, “god”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "trk-pro", "2": "ira-pro", "3": "*bagáh" }, "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *bagáh", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "trk-pro", "2": "iir-pro", "3": "*bʰagás", "lit": "dispenser", "t": "god" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰagás (“god”, literally “dispenser”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "trk-pro", "2": "trk", "3": "-" }, "expansion": "Turkic", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "sla-pro", "2": "*bãnъ", "t": "ruler" }, "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bãnъ (“ruler”)", "name": "m+" } ], "etymology_text": "There are different theories about the further etymology of the word.\n* According to one theory the word may ultimately come from Middle Chinese 百 (MC paek, “hundred”), 佰 (MC paek, “the head of a hundred men”), or 伯 (MC paek, “eldest brother, father's older brother > count”) ~ 霸 (MC paek, “hegemon”).\n* Another theory states that the word may have its origins in Middle Iranian, specifically Sogdian [script needed] (baga, “lord, master”) or Old Persian 𐏎 (BG, “god”), all from Proto-Iranian *bagáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰagás (“god”, literally “dispenser”).\nHowever, German Turkologist Gerhard Doerfer assessed the derivation from an Iranian language as quite uncertain and pointed out that the word may be genuinely Turkic.\nProbably a similar Turkic form gave rise to Late Proto-Slavic *bãnъ (“ruler”).", "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "trk-pro", "2": "noun" }, "expansion": "*bēg", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Proto-Turkic", "lang_code": "trk-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bēg", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header", "Proto-Turkic lemmas", "Proto-Turkic nouns", "Proto-Turkic terms derived from Turkic languages", "trk-pro:Nobility" ], "glosses": [ "lord" ], "links": [ [ "lord", "lord" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] } ], "word": "bēg" }
Download raw JSONL data for bēg meaning in Proto-Turkic (7.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Turkic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (eaedd02 and 8fbd9e8). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.