See xvostъ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to lash, to gush",
"word": "xvostati"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"collective"
],
"word": "xvosta"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"word": "xvostьcь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "animal with fluffy tail",
"word": "xvostuxa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "bunch, cluster; snake grass (plant)",
"word": "xvoščь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relative"
],
"word": "xvostatъ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "хвостъ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: хвостъ (xvostŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: хвостъ (xvostŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "хвост"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: хвост (xvost)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: хвост (xvost)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "хвост"
},
"expansion": "Russian: хвост (xvost)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: хвост (xvost)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "хвіст"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: хвіст (xvist)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: хвіст (xvist)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "хвостъ",
"nolb": "1",
"qq": "Serbian recension"
},
"expansion": "хвостъ (xvostŭ) (Serbian recension)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Church Slavonic: хвостъ (xvostŭ) (Serbian recension)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "хо̏ст",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: хо̏ст",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: хо̏ст, ху̑ст (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "hȍst",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: hȍst",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: hȍst, hȗst (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "hȏst",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: hȏst",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hȏst"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: hȏst (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: hȏst (tonal orthography), hvọ̑st"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "họ̑sta",
"der": "1",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Slovene: họ̑sta f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Slovene: họ̑sta f"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "chvost"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: chvost",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: chvost"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "chvost",
"3": "chůst"
},
"expansion": "Czech: chvost, chůst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: chvost, chůst"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "chwost"
},
"expansion": "Polish: chwost",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: chwost"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "chvost"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: chvost",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: chvost"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "dubious"
},
"expansion": "dubious",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*-stъ"
},
"expansion": "*-stъ",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ksew-",
"4": "",
"5": "to scrape, to trim"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ksew- (“to scrape, to trim”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*xusta",
"3": "",
"4": "neckpiece, headscarf"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *xusta (“neckpiece, headscarf”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*keh₂w-",
"4": "",
"5": "to waver, to flicker"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *keh₂w- (“to waver, to flicker”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cauda",
"3": "",
"4": "tail"
},
"expansion": "Latin cauda (“tail”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kuõdas",
"3": "",
"4": "tuft"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian kuõdas (“tuft”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*kwastuz",
"3": "",
"4": "tassel"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kwastuz (“tassel”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a dubious root + *-stъ. Proposed etymologies include:\n* From Proto-Indo-European *ksew- (“to scrape, to trim”), akin to Proto-Slavic *xusta (“neckpiece, headscarf”).\n* From Proto-Indo-European *keh₂w- (“to waver, to flicker”), akin to Latin cauda (“tail”), possibly Lithuanian kuõdas (“tuft”). Favoured by Mladenov.\nSometimes compared with Proto-Germanic *kwastuz (“tassel”) (as per Machek, Sławski, Vaillant), even though formally incompatible.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "xvȍstъ",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "b",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "xvòstъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xvostà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "xvostì",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xvostà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xvostù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "xvòstъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xvostù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xvostòma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "xvostòmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xvòstъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xvostà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "xvostỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xvostъ̀mь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xvostòmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xvostòma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "xvòsty",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xvostě̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xvostù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "xvòstěxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xvoste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "xvostà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "xvostì",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ap": "b"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xvostъ",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "boast",
"word": "xvastъ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "82 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "89 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "95 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "97 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "96 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-stъ",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bundle, sheaf"
],
"id": "en-xvostъ-sla-pro-noun-sv~SMpvJ",
"links": [
[
"bundle",
"bundle"
],
[
"sheaf",
"sheaf"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"tail (bundle of hair)"
],
"id": "en-xvostъ-sla-pro-noun-m4JY-O4z",
"links": [
[
"tail",
"tail"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*rěpъ"
},
{
"word": "*kystь"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj"
],
"word": "xvostъ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-stъ",
"Proto-Slavic terms with unknown etymologies"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to lash, to gush",
"word": "xvostati"
},
{
"tags": [
"collective"
],
"word": "xvosta"
},
{
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"word": "xvostьcь"
},
{
"english": "animal with fluffy tail",
"word": "xvostuxa"
},
{
"english": "bunch, cluster; snake grass (plant)",
"word": "xvoščь"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relative"
],
"word": "xvostatъ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "хвостъ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: хвостъ (xvostŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: хвостъ (xvostŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "хвост"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: хвост (xvost)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: хвост (xvost)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "хвост"
},
"expansion": "Russian: хвост (xvost)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: хвост (xvost)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "хвіст"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: хвіст (xvist)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: хвіст (xvist)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "хвостъ",
"nolb": "1",
"qq": "Serbian recension"
},
"expansion": "хвостъ (xvostŭ) (Serbian recension)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Church Slavonic: хвостъ (xvostŭ) (Serbian recension)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "хо̏ст",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: хо̏ст",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: хо̏ст, ху̑ст (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "hȍst",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: hȍst",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: hȍst, hȗst (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "hȏst",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: hȏst",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hȏst"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: hȏst (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: hȏst (tonal orthography), hvọ̑st"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "họ̑sta",
"der": "1",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Slovene: họ̑sta f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Slovene: họ̑sta f"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "chvost"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: chvost",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: chvost"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "chvost",
"3": "chůst"
},
"expansion": "Czech: chvost, chůst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: chvost, chůst"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "chwost"
},
"expansion": "Polish: chwost",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: chwost"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "chvost"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: chvost",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: chvost"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "dubious"
},
"expansion": "dubious",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*-stъ"
},
"expansion": "*-stъ",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ksew-",
"4": "",
"5": "to scrape, to trim"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ksew- (“to scrape, to trim”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*xusta",
"3": "",
"4": "neckpiece, headscarf"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *xusta (“neckpiece, headscarf”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*keh₂w-",
"4": "",
"5": "to waver, to flicker"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *keh₂w- (“to waver, to flicker”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cauda",
"3": "",
"4": "tail"
},
"expansion": "Latin cauda (“tail”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kuõdas",
"3": "",
"4": "tuft"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian kuõdas (“tuft”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*kwastuz",
"3": "",
"4": "tassel"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kwastuz (“tassel”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a dubious root + *-stъ. Proposed etymologies include:\n* From Proto-Indo-European *ksew- (“to scrape, to trim”), akin to Proto-Slavic *xusta (“neckpiece, headscarf”).\n* From Proto-Indo-European *keh₂w- (“to waver, to flicker”), akin to Latin cauda (“tail”), possibly Lithuanian kuõdas (“tuft”). Favoured by Mladenov.\nSometimes compared with Proto-Germanic *kwastuz (“tassel”) (as per Machek, Sławski, Vaillant), even though formally incompatible.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "xvȍstъ",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "b",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "xvòstъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xvostà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "xvostì",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xvostà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xvostù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "xvòstъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xvostù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xvostòma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "xvostòmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xvòstъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xvostà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "xvostỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xvostъ̀mь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xvostòmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xvostòma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "xvòsty",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xvostě̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xvostù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "xvòstěxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xvoste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "xvostà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "xvostì",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ap": "b"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xvostъ",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "boast",
"word": "xvastъ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bundle, sheaf"
],
"links": [
[
"bundle",
"bundle"
],
[
"sheaf",
"sheaf"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"tail (bundle of hair)"
],
"links": [
[
"tail",
"tail"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*rěpъ"
},
{
"word": "*kystь"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj"
],
"word": "xvostъ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for xvostъ meaning in Proto-Slavic (7.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (94ba7e1 and 5dea2a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.