See vapa in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "вапа"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: вапа (vapa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: вапа (vapa)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ва́па",
"t": "lake"
},
"expansion": "Russian: ва́па (vápa, “lake”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: ва́па (vápa, “lake”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ва́па",
"t": "boggy place"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: ва́па (vápa, “boggy place”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: ва́па (vápa, “boggy place”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "вапа"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: вапа (vapa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: вапа (vapa)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "ва́па",
"3": "въ́па",
"t2": "depression, sinkhole"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: ва́па (vápa), въ́па (vǎ́pa, “depression, sinkhole”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: ва́па (vápa), въ́па (vǎ́pa, “depression, sinkhole”) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "vápa",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": "puddle"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: vápa (“puddle”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vápa",
"t": "puddle"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: vápa (“puddle”) (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "colloquial"
},
"expansion": "(colloquial)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: vápa (“puddle”) (tonal orthography) (colloquial)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hā́ps",
"3": "",
"4": "water"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hā́ps (“water”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*vatra",
"3": "",
"4": "fire, torch"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *vatra (“fire, torch”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*HáHtr̥š",
"3": "",
"4": "fire"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *HáHtr̥š (“fire”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂ep-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*Opava"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *Opava",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hydronym",
"2": "attested as Opava in modern Czechia"
},
"expansion": "(hydronym, attested as Opava in modern Czechia)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "apē",
"3": "",
"4": "river"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian apē (“river”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "ùpė",
"3": "",
"4": "river"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian ùpė (“river”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "upe",
"3": "",
"4": "river"
},
"expansion": "Latvian upe (“river”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xsv",
"2": "upa",
"3": "",
"4": "river"
},
"expansion": "Sudovian upa (“river”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*wṓps"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *wṓps",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वापी",
"t": "pond, pool",
"tr": "vā́pī"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit वापी (vā́pī, “pond, pool”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": "riverbank",
"tr": "wappu-"
},
"expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (wappu-, “riverbank”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gen."
},
"expansion": "gen.",
"name": "smallcaps"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "Вопь",
"3": "",
"4": "Vop river"
},
"expansion": "Russian Вопь (Vopʹ, “Vop river”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "wupyan",
"3": "",
"4": "cloud"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian wupyan (“cloud”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*wafrah",
"3": "",
"4": "snow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *wafrah (“snow”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weh₂p-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weh₂p-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂we-",
"3": "*h₂ep-",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "away, off"
},
"expansion": "*h₂we- (“away, off”) + *h₂ep-",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Disputed:\n* Considered a loanword by early scholars, possibly borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hā́ps (“water”) with prothetic *v- due to word-initial sandhi (similar to Proto-Slavic *vatra (“fire, torch”) < Proto-Iranian *HáHtr̥š (“fire”)). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep-, whence native Proto-Slavic *Opava (hydronym, attested as Opava in modern Czechia), Old Prussian apē (“river”), possibly also *opica (“monkey”).\n* More likely inherited (Trautmann, Vasmer), cognate with Lithuanian ùpė (“river”), Latvian upe (“river”), Sudovian upa (“river”), perhaps from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wṓps ~ *upís. Further akin to Sanskrit वापी (vā́pī, “pond, pool”) and probably Hittite [script needed] (wappu-, “riverbank”) (attested predominantly in gen. wappuwaš). Zero grade froms attested in dialectal Bulgarian and in toponyms - cf. Russian Вопь (Vopʹ, “Vop river”) < *Vъpь. In view of the Anatolian data, PIE origin could be from tentative *wep- (“to cast, to pour, to permeate”) (per Pokorny), whence also Old Prussian wupyan (“cloud”), Proto-Iranian *wafrah (“snow”). Mallory & Adams reconstruct instead Proto-Indo-European *weh₂p- for the Indo-Aryan data (formally incompatible with Hittite). On the later, Witczak suggests possible fossilized compound *h₂we- (“away, off”) + *h₂ep- originally conveying contrast: off + flowing water → stagnant water.\nIn either case, *vapa may have been a functional counterpart (originally, of common gender) to substantive *voda (originally, neuter).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "vapa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vapě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "vapy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vapy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vapu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "vapъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vapě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vapama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "vapamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vapǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vapě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "vapy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vapojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vapǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vapama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "vapami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vapě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vapu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "vapasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vapaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vapo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vapě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vapy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vapa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 17 5 12 9 12 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 31 29 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"body of water (pool, pond, lake), standing water"
],
"id": "en-vapa-sla-pro-noun-AOo0QfNn",
"links": [
[
"body of water",
"body of water"
],
[
"pool",
"pool"
],
[
"pond",
"pond"
],
[
"lake",
"lake"
],
[
"standing",
"standing"
],
[
"water",
"water"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "vapa"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "вапа"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: вапа (vapa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: вапа (vapa)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ва́па"
},
"expansion": "Russian: ва́па (vápa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: ва́па (vápa)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*vapь",
"3": "*-a",
"t1": "dye"
},
"expansion": "*vapь (“dye”) + *-a",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Collective of *vapь (“dye”) + *-a. Possibly related to Etymology 1 (Preobražensky, Brückner, Snoj).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "vapa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vapě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "vapy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vapy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vapu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "vapъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vapě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vapama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "vapamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vapǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vapě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "vapy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vapojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vapǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vapama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "vapami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vapě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vapu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "vapasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vapaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vapo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vapě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vapy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vapa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "dye",
"word": "vapь"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 17 5 12 9 12 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 31 29 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of *vapь (“dye”)"
],
"id": "en-vapa-sla-pro-noun-uNL2yriM",
"links": [
[
"*vapь",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vapь"
],
[
"dye",
"dye"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "vapa"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-a"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "вапа"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: вапа (vapa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: вапа (vapa)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ва́па",
"t": "lake"
},
"expansion": "Russian: ва́па (vápa, “lake”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: ва́па (vápa, “lake”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ва́па",
"t": "boggy place"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: ва́па (vápa, “boggy place”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: ва́па (vápa, “boggy place”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "вапа"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: вапа (vapa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: вапа (vapa)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "ва́па",
"3": "въ́па",
"t2": "depression, sinkhole"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: ва́па (vápa), въ́па (vǎ́pa, “depression, sinkhole”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: ва́па (vápa), въ́па (vǎ́pa, “depression, sinkhole”) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "vápa",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": "puddle"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: vápa (“puddle”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vápa",
"t": "puddle"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: vápa (“puddle”) (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "colloquial"
},
"expansion": "(colloquial)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: vápa (“puddle”) (tonal orthography) (colloquial)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hā́ps",
"3": "",
"4": "water"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hā́ps (“water”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*vatra",
"3": "",
"4": "fire, torch"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *vatra (“fire, torch”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*HáHtr̥š",
"3": "",
"4": "fire"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *HáHtr̥š (“fire”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂ep-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*Opava"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *Opava",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hydronym",
"2": "attested as Opava in modern Czechia"
},
"expansion": "(hydronym, attested as Opava in modern Czechia)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "apē",
"3": "",
"4": "river"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian apē (“river”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "ùpė",
"3": "",
"4": "river"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian ùpė (“river”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "upe",
"3": "",
"4": "river"
},
"expansion": "Latvian upe (“river”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xsv",
"2": "upa",
"3": "",
"4": "river"
},
"expansion": "Sudovian upa (“river”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*wṓps"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *wṓps",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वापी",
"t": "pond, pool",
"tr": "vā́pī"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit वापी (vā́pī, “pond, pool”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": "riverbank",
"tr": "wappu-"
},
"expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (wappu-, “riverbank”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gen."
},
"expansion": "gen.",
"name": "smallcaps"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "Вопь",
"3": "",
"4": "Vop river"
},
"expansion": "Russian Вопь (Vopʹ, “Vop river”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "wupyan",
"3": "",
"4": "cloud"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian wupyan (“cloud”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*wafrah",
"3": "",
"4": "snow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *wafrah (“snow”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weh₂p-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weh₂p-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂we-",
"3": "*h₂ep-",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "away, off"
},
"expansion": "*h₂we- (“away, off”) + *h₂ep-",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Disputed:\n* Considered a loanword by early scholars, possibly borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hā́ps (“water”) with prothetic *v- due to word-initial sandhi (similar to Proto-Slavic *vatra (“fire, torch”) < Proto-Iranian *HáHtr̥š (“fire”)). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep-, whence native Proto-Slavic *Opava (hydronym, attested as Opava in modern Czechia), Old Prussian apē (“river”), possibly also *opica (“monkey”).\n* More likely inherited (Trautmann, Vasmer), cognate with Lithuanian ùpė (“river”), Latvian upe (“river”), Sudovian upa (“river”), perhaps from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wṓps ~ *upís. Further akin to Sanskrit वापी (vā́pī, “pond, pool”) and probably Hittite [script needed] (wappu-, “riverbank”) (attested predominantly in gen. wappuwaš). Zero grade froms attested in dialectal Bulgarian and in toponyms - cf. Russian Вопь (Vopʹ, “Vop river”) < *Vъpь. In view of the Anatolian data, PIE origin could be from tentative *wep- (“to cast, to pour, to permeate”) (per Pokorny), whence also Old Prussian wupyan (“cloud”), Proto-Iranian *wafrah (“snow”). Mallory & Adams reconstruct instead Proto-Indo-European *weh₂p- for the Indo-Aryan data (formally incompatible with Hittite). On the later, Witczak suggests possible fossilized compound *h₂we- (“away, off”) + *h₂ep- originally conveying contrast: off + flowing water → stagnant water.\nIn either case, *vapa may have been a functional counterpart (originally, of common gender) to substantive *voda (originally, neuter).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "vapa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vapě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "vapy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vapy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vapu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "vapъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vapě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vapama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "vapamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vapǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vapě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "vapy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vapojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vapǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vapama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "vapami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vapě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vapu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "vapasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vapaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vapo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vapě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vapy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vapa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"sla-pro:Water"
],
"glosses": [
"body of water (pool, pond, lake), standing water"
],
"links": [
[
"body of water",
"body of water"
],
[
"pool",
"pool"
],
[
"pond",
"pond"
],
[
"lake",
"lake"
],
[
"standing",
"standing"
],
[
"water",
"water"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "vapa"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-a"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "вапа"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: вапа (vapa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: вапа (vapa)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ва́па"
},
"expansion": "Russian: ва́па (vápa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: ва́па (vápa)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*vapь",
"3": "*-a",
"t1": "dye"
},
"expansion": "*vapь (“dye”) + *-a",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Collective of *vapь (“dye”) + *-a. Possibly related to Etymology 1 (Preobražensky, Brückner, Snoj).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "vapa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vapě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "vapy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vapy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vapu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "vapъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vapě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vapama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "vapamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vapǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vapě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "vapy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vapojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vapǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vapama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "vapami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vapě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vapu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "vapasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vapaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vapo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vapě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vapy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vapa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "dye",
"word": "vapь"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of *vapь (“dye”)"
],
"links": [
[
"*vapь",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vapь"
],
[
"dye",
"dye"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "vapa"
}
Download raw JSONL data for vapa meaning in Proto-Slavic (11.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (95d2be1 and 64224ec). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.