"tvьrditi" meaning in Proto-Slavic

See tvьrditi in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: From *tvьrdъ + *-iti. Compare Latin firmo for semantic development. Etymology templates: {{af|sla-pro|*tvьrdъ|*-iti}} *tvьrdъ + *-iti, {{m+|la|firmo}} Latin firmo Inflection templates: {{sla-conj||-1}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], ? [accent-paradigm], tvьrďenьje [noun-from-verb], tvьrditi [infinitive], tvьrditъ [supine], tvьrdilъ [l-participle], no-table-tags [table-tags], ? [accent-paradigm], tvьrďenъ [participle, passive, past], tvьrdimъ [participle, passive, present], tvьrďь [active, participle, past], tvьrdę [active, participle, present], no-table-tags [table-tags], ? [accent-paradigm], tvьrdixъ [aorist, first-person, singular], tvьrdi [aorist, second-person, singular], tvьrdi [aorist, singular, third-person], tvьrďǫ [first-person, present, singular], tvьrdiši [present, second-person, singular], tvьrditь [present, singular, third-person], tvьrdixově [aorist, dual, first-person], tvьrdista [aorist, dual, second-person], tvьrdiste [aorist, dual, third-person], tvьrdivě [dual, first-person, present], tvьrdita [dual, present, second-person], tvьrdite [dual, present, third-person], tvьrdixomъ [aorist, first-person, plural], tvьrdiste [aorist, plural, second-person], tvьrdišę [aorist, plural, third-person], tvьrdimъ [first-person, plural, present], tvьrdite [plural, present, second-person], tvьrdętь [plural, present, third-person], tvьrďaaxъ [first-person, imperfect, singular], tvьrďaaše [imperfect, second-person, singular], tvьrďaaše [imperfect, singular, third-person], - [first-person, imperative, singular], tvьrdi [imperative, second-person, singular], tvьrdi [imperative, singular, third-person], tvьrďaaxově [dual, first-person, imperfect], tvьrďaašeta [dual, imperfect, second-person], tvьrďaašete [dual, imperfect, third-person], tvьrdivě [dual, first-person, imperative], tvьrdita [dual, imperative, second-person], - [dual, imperative, third-person], tvьrďaaxomъ [first-person, imperfect, plural], tvьrďaašete [imperfect, plural, second-person], tvьrďaaxǫ [imperfect, plural, third-person], tvьrdimъ [first-person, imperative, plural], tvьrdite [imperative, plural, second-person], - [imperative, plural, third-person]
  1. to harden Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-tvьrditi-sla-pro-verb-oXF3k1rh Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-iti, Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -i- Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 59 41 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 76 24 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header: 82 18 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-iti: 89 11 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -i-: 88 12
  2. to claim, to insist Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-tvьrditi-sla-pro-verb-6t7H4QIr
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "тверди́ть"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: тверди́ть (tverdítʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: тверди́ть (tverdítʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "тве́рдити"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: тве́рдити (tvérdyty)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: тве́рдити (tvérdyty)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "тврьдити",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: тврьдити (tvrĭditi)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Cyrillic script: тврьдити (tvrĭditi)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "твърдя̀"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: твърдя̀ (tvǎrdjà)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: твърдя̀ (tvǎrdjà)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "тврди"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: тврди (tvrdi)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: тврди (tvrdi)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "твр́дити",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: твр́дити",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: твр́дити"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "tvŕditi",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: tvŕditi",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: tvŕditi"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "tvrditi"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: tvrditi",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: tvrditi"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "tvrdit"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: tvrdit",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: tvrdit"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-opl",
            "2": "twierdzić"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Polish: twierdzić, ćwirdzić, ćwierdzić, twirdzić\nPolish: twierdzić\nSilesian: twiyrdzić",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Polish: twierdzić, ćwirdzić, ćwierdzić, twirdzić\nPolish: twierdzić\nSilesian: twiyrdzić"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Pomeranian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": "cwierdzëc"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian: cwierdzëc",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian: cwierdzëc"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Old Slovak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rsk",
            "2": "твердзиц"
          },
          "expansion": "Pannonian Rusyn: твердзиц (tverdzic)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Pannonian Rusyn: твердзиц (tverdzic)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*tvьrdъ",
        "3": "*-iti"
      },
      "expansion": "*tvьrdъ + *-iti",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "firmo"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin firmo",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *tvьrdъ + *-iti. Compare Latin firmo for semantic development.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "?",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrďenьje",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrditi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrditъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "supine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdilъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "l-participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "?",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrďenъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdimъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrďь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdę",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "?",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdixъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrďǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdiši",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrditь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdixově",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "first-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdista",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdiste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdivě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdita",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdite",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdixomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdiste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdišę",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdimъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdite",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdętь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrďaaxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrďaaše",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrďaaše",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrďaaxově",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrďaašeta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrďaašete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdivě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdita",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrďaaxomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrďaašete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrďaaxǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdimъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdite",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "-1"
      },
      "name": "sla-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tvьrditi",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "59 41",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "76 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "82 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "89 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-iti",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "88 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -i-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to harden"
      ],
      "id": "en-tvьrditi-sla-pro-verb-oXF3k1rh",
      "links": [
        [
          "harden",
          "harden"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to claim, to insist"
      ],
      "id": "en-tvьrditi-sla-pro-verb-6t7H4QIr",
      "links": [
        [
          "claim",
          "claim"
        ],
        [
          "insist",
          "insist"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "tvьrditi"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
    "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-iti",
    "Proto-Slavic terms with redundant head parameter",
    "Proto-Slavic verbs",
    "Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -i-",
    "sla-conj with extra parameters/n"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "тверди́ть"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: тверди́ть (tverdítʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: тверди́ть (tverdítʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "тве́рдити"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: тве́рдити (tvérdyty)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: тве́рдити (tvérdyty)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "тврьдити",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: тврьдити (tvrĭditi)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Cyrillic script: тврьдити (tvrĭditi)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "твърдя̀"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: твърдя̀ (tvǎrdjà)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: твърдя̀ (tvǎrdjà)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "тврди"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: тврди (tvrdi)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: тврди (tvrdi)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "твр́дити",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: твр́дити",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: твр́дити"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "tvŕditi",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: tvŕditi",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: tvŕditi"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "tvrditi"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: tvrditi",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: tvrditi"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "tvrdit"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: tvrdit",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: tvrdit"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-opl",
            "2": "twierdzić"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Polish: twierdzić, ćwirdzić, ćwierdzić, twirdzić\nPolish: twierdzić\nSilesian: twiyrdzić",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Polish: twierdzić, ćwirdzić, ćwierdzić, twirdzić\nPolish: twierdzić\nSilesian: twiyrdzić"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Pomeranian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": "cwierdzëc"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian: cwierdzëc",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian: cwierdzëc"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Old Slovak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rsk",
            "2": "твердзиц"
          },
          "expansion": "Pannonian Rusyn: твердзиц (tverdzic)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Pannonian Rusyn: твердзиц (tverdzic)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*tvьrdъ",
        "3": "*-iti"
      },
      "expansion": "*tvьrdъ + *-iti",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "firmo"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin firmo",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *tvьrdъ + *-iti. Compare Latin firmo for semantic development.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "?",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrďenьje",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrditi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrditъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "supine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdilъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "l-participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "?",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrďenъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdimъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrďь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdę",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "?",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdixъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrďǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdiši",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrditь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdixově",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "first-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdista",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdiste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdivě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdita",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdite",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdixomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdiste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdišę",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdimъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdite",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdętь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrďaaxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrďaaše",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrďaaše",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrďaaxově",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrďaašeta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrďaašete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdivě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdita",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrďaaxomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrďaašete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrďaaxǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdimъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tvьrdite",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "-1"
      },
      "name": "sla-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tvьrditi",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to harden"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "harden",
          "harden"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to claim, to insist"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "claim",
          "claim"
        ],
        [
          "insist",
          "insist"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "tvьrditi"
}

Download raw JSONL data for tvьrditi meaning in Proto-Slavic (8.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (e4a2c88 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.