See tьrnъ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"collective"
],
"word": "tьrnьje"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "thorny thicket",
"word": "tьrnakъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "sloe",
"word": "tьrnina"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "тьрнъ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: тьрнъ (tĭrnŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: тьрнъ (tĭrnŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "цёрн"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: цёрн (cjorn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: цёрн (cjorn)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "тёрн",
"3": "тёрен"
},
"expansion": "Russian: тёрн (tjorn), тёрен (tjóren)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: тёрн (tjorn), тёрен (tjóren)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "те́рен"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: те́рен (téren)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: те́рен (téren)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "трьнъ",
"3": "трънъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: трьнъ (trĭnŭ), трънъ (trŭnŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: трьнъ (trĭnŭ), трънъ (trŭnŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "трън"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: трън (trǎn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: трън (trǎn)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "трн"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: трн (trn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: трн (trn)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "тр̑н",
"3": "tȓn",
"4": "tȑń",
"5": "tr̃n"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian: тр̑н, tȓn, tȑń, tr̃n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian: тр̑н, tȓn, tȑń, tr̃n"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "tŕn",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: tŕn",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tŕn"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: tŕn (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: tŕn (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "trn"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: trn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: trn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "trn"
},
"expansion": "Czech: trn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: trn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "cérzniô"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: cérzniô",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: cérzniô"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pox",
"2": "dren"
},
"expansion": "Polabian: dren",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polabian: dren"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "tarn",
"3": "cirń"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: tarn, cirń",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: tarn, cirń"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "tarń",
"3": "cierń"
},
"expansion": "Polish: tarń, cierń",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: tarń, cierń"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "tŕň"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: tŕň",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: tŕň"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "ćerń"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: ćerń",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: ćerń"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "śerń"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: śerń",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: śerń"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*tirnas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *tirnas",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*tr̥nós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tr̥nós",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tirnas, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥nós, although AP b is unexpected.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tь̃rnъ",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "b",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "tь̃rnъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrnà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrnì",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrnà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrnù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "tь̃rnъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrnù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrnòma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrnòmъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tь̃rnъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrnà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrnỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrnъ̀mь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrnòmь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrnòma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "tь̃rny",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrně̀",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrnù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "tь̃rněxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrne",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrnà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrnì",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ap": "b"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tьrnъ",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tьrti"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to rub",
"word": "terti"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to scrub",
"word": "tryti"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"thorn"
],
"id": "en-tьrnъ-sla-pro-noun-BJruvsjr",
"links": [
[
"thorn",
"thorn"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 96",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 97",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 98",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 97",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"blackthorn, sloe-tree (Prunus spinosa)"
],
"id": "en-tьrnъ-sla-pro-noun-EN89rYlK",
"links": [
[
"blackthorn",
"blackthorn"
],
[
"sloe",
"sloe"
],
[
"tree",
"tree"
],
[
"Prunus spinosa",
"Prunus spinosa"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "tьrnъ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"collective"
],
"word": "tьrnьje"
},
{
"english": "thorny thicket",
"word": "tьrnakъ"
},
{
"english": "sloe",
"word": "tьrnina"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "тьрнъ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: тьрнъ (tĭrnŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: тьрнъ (tĭrnŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "цёрн"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: цёрн (cjorn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: цёрн (cjorn)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "тёрн",
"3": "тёрен"
},
"expansion": "Russian: тёрн (tjorn), тёрен (tjóren)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: тёрн (tjorn), тёрен (tjóren)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "те́рен"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: те́рен (téren)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: те́рен (téren)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "трьнъ",
"3": "трънъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: трьнъ (trĭnŭ), трънъ (trŭnŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: трьнъ (trĭnŭ), трънъ (trŭnŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "трън"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: трън (trǎn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: трън (trǎn)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "трн"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: трн (trn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: трн (trn)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "тр̑н",
"3": "tȓn",
"4": "tȑń",
"5": "tr̃n"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian: тр̑н, tȓn, tȑń, tr̃n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian: тр̑н, tȓn, tȑń, tr̃n"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "tŕn",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: tŕn",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tŕn"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: tŕn (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: tŕn (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "trn"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: trn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: trn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "trn"
},
"expansion": "Czech: trn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: trn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "cérzniô"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: cérzniô",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: cérzniô"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pox",
"2": "dren"
},
"expansion": "Polabian: dren",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polabian: dren"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "tarn",
"3": "cirń"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: tarn, cirń",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: tarn, cirń"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "tarń",
"3": "cierń"
},
"expansion": "Polish: tarń, cierń",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: tarń, cierń"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "tŕň"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: tŕň",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: tŕň"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "ćerń"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: ćerń",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: ćerń"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "śerń"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: śerń",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: śerń"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*tirnas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *tirnas",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*tr̥nós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tr̥nós",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tirnas, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥nós, although AP b is unexpected.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tь̃rnъ",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "b",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "tь̃rnъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrnà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrnì",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrnà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrnù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "tь̃rnъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrnù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrnòma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrnòmъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tь̃rnъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrnà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrnỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrnъ̀mь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrnòmь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrnòma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "tь̃rny",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrně̀",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrnù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "tь̃rněxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrne",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrnà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tьrnì",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ap": "b"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tьrnъ",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "tьrti"
},
{
"english": "to rub",
"word": "terti"
},
{
"english": "to scrub",
"word": "tryti"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"thorn"
],
"links": [
[
"thorn",
"thorn"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"sla-pro:Stone fruits"
],
"glosses": [
"blackthorn, sloe-tree (Prunus spinosa)"
],
"links": [
[
"blackthorn",
"blackthorn"
],
[
"sloe",
"sloe"
],
[
"tree",
"tree"
],
[
"Prunus spinosa",
"Prunus spinosa"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "tьrnъ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tьrnъ meaning in Proto-Slavic (7.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (95d2be1 and 64224ec). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.