See strьmь in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "стръм",
"der": "1",
"g": "f",
"t": "steep"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Bulgarian: стръм f (strǎm, “steep”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "poetic",
"2": "fosilized substantivized form"
},
"expansion": "(poetic, fosilized substantivized form)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Bulgarian: стръм f (strǎm, “steep”) (poetic, fosilized substantivized form)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ter-",
"4": "",
"5": "rigid, erect"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ter- (“rigid, erect”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*-ьmь"
},
"expansion": "*-ьmь",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "στερεός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek στερεός (stereós)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "stramm",
"3": "",
"4": "tight"
},
"expansion": "German stramm (“tight”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ser-",
"3": "*srey-",
"4": "to flow, stream"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *srey- (“to flow, stream”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*struja"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *struja",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "trìmti",
"3": "",
"4": "to shiver"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian tri̇̀mti (“to shiver”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*trem-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *trem-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Not entirely clear, but the presiding opinion tends towards an archaic i-stem from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ter- (“rigid, erect”) or *(s)terh₁- (“to stiffen”) + *-ьmь (compare o-stems *-ьmъ, *-ьmo), related to Ancient Greek στερεός (stereós), στέριφος (stériphos, “solid, rigid”), στερέμνιος (sterémnios, “sturdy”), German stramm (“tight”). Sobolevsky, Mladenov have alternatively proposed possible derivation from Proto-Indo-European *srey- (“to flow, stream”) akin to Proto-Slavic *struja, *strumy (“stream”).\nMachek further suggests possible kinship to Lithuanian tri̇̀mti (“to shiver”) (also meaning “to sink, to subside”), trem̃ti (“to exile”) < Proto-Indo-European *trem-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "*strьmъ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "*strьmьnъ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/strьmь",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ьmь",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to obtrude, to be steep",
"word": "strьměti"
},
{
"english": "to strive",
"word": "strьmiti"
},
{
"english": "striver",
"word": "strьmьcь"
},
{
"english": "steepness",
"word": "strьmina"
},
{
"word": "strьmьgolvъ"
},
{
"english": "headlong",
"word": "strьmogolvъ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"steep, abrupt"
],
"id": "en-strьmь-sla-pro-adj-HNq~g2mR",
"links": [
[
"steep",
"steep"
],
[
"abrupt",
"abrupt"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "stirrup",
"word": "stremę"
},
{
"sense": "*stromъ (“steep slope, cliff”)",
"word": "stromъ"
},
{
"english": "steep",
"sense": "*stromъ (“steep slope, cliff”)",
"word": "stromъkъ"
},
{
"english": "to keep",
"sense": "*trьmъ (“solid”)",
"word": "trimati"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*krǫtъ"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj"
],
"word": "strьmь"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "стрьмь"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: стрьмь (strĭmĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: стрьмь (strĭmĭ)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ter-",
"4": "",
"5": "rigid, erect"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ter- (“rigid, erect”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*-ьmь"
},
"expansion": "*-ьmь",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "στερεός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek στερεός (stereós)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "stramm",
"3": "",
"4": "tight"
},
"expansion": "German stramm (“tight”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ser-",
"3": "*srey-",
"4": "to flow, stream"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *srey- (“to flow, stream”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*struja"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *struja",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "trìmti",
"3": "",
"4": "to shiver"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian tri̇̀mti (“to shiver”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*trem-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *trem-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Not entirely clear, but the presiding opinion tends towards an archaic i-stem from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ter- (“rigid, erect”) or *(s)terh₁- (“to stiffen”) + *-ьmь (compare o-stems *-ьmъ, *-ьmo), related to Ancient Greek στερεός (stereós), στέριφος (stériphos, “solid, rigid”), στερέμνιος (sterémnios, “sturdy”), German stramm (“tight”). Sobolevsky, Mladenov have alternatively proposed possible derivation from Proto-Indo-European *srey- (“to flow, stream”) akin to Proto-Slavic *struja, *strumy (“stream”).\nMachek further suggests possible kinship to Lithuanian tri̇̀mti (“to shiver”) (also meaning “to sink, to subside”), trem̃ti (“to exile”) < Proto-Indo-European *trem-.",
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/strьmь",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"exactly, absolutely"
],
"id": "en-strьmь-sla-pro-adv-Nlp981Uu",
"links": [
[
"exactly",
"exactly"
],
[
"absolutely",
"absolutely"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj"
],
"word": "strьmь"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic adjectives",
"Proto-Slavic adverbs",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ьmь"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to obtrude, to be steep",
"word": "strьměti"
},
{
"english": "to strive",
"word": "strьmiti"
},
{
"english": "striver",
"word": "strьmьcь"
},
{
"english": "steepness",
"word": "strьmina"
},
{
"word": "strьmьgolvъ"
},
{
"english": "headlong",
"word": "strьmogolvъ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "стръм",
"der": "1",
"g": "f",
"t": "steep"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Bulgarian: стръм f (strǎm, “steep”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "poetic",
"2": "fosilized substantivized form"
},
"expansion": "(poetic, fosilized substantivized form)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Bulgarian: стръм f (strǎm, “steep”) (poetic, fosilized substantivized form)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ter-",
"4": "",
"5": "rigid, erect"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ter- (“rigid, erect”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*-ьmь"
},
"expansion": "*-ьmь",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "στερεός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek στερεός (stereós)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "stramm",
"3": "",
"4": "tight"
},
"expansion": "German stramm (“tight”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ser-",
"3": "*srey-",
"4": "to flow, stream"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *srey- (“to flow, stream”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*struja"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *struja",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "trìmti",
"3": "",
"4": "to shiver"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian tri̇̀mti (“to shiver”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*trem-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *trem-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Not entirely clear, but the presiding opinion tends towards an archaic i-stem from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ter- (“rigid, erect”) or *(s)terh₁- (“to stiffen”) + *-ьmь (compare o-stems *-ьmъ, *-ьmo), related to Ancient Greek στερεός (stereós), στέριφος (stériphos, “solid, rigid”), στερέμνιος (sterémnios, “sturdy”), German stramm (“tight”). Sobolevsky, Mladenov have alternatively proposed possible derivation from Proto-Indo-European *srey- (“to flow, stream”) akin to Proto-Slavic *struja, *strumy (“stream”).\nMachek further suggests possible kinship to Lithuanian tri̇̀mti (“to shiver”) (also meaning “to sink, to subside”), trem̃ti (“to exile”) < Proto-Indo-European *trem-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "*strьmъ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "*strьmьnъ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/strьmь",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"english": "stirrup",
"word": "stremę"
},
{
"sense": "*stromъ (“steep slope, cliff”)",
"word": "stromъ"
},
{
"english": "steep",
"sense": "*stromъ (“steep slope, cliff”)",
"word": "stromъkъ"
},
{
"english": "to keep",
"sense": "*trьmъ (“solid”)",
"word": "trimati"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"steep, abrupt"
],
"links": [
[
"steep",
"steep"
],
[
"abrupt",
"abrupt"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*krǫtъ"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj"
],
"word": "strьmь"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic adjectives",
"Proto-Slavic adverbs",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ьmь"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "стрьмь"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: стрьмь (strĭmĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: стрьмь (strĭmĭ)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ter-",
"4": "",
"5": "rigid, erect"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ter- (“rigid, erect”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*-ьmь"
},
"expansion": "*-ьmь",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "στερεός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek στερεός (stereós)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "stramm",
"3": "",
"4": "tight"
},
"expansion": "German stramm (“tight”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ser-",
"3": "*srey-",
"4": "to flow, stream"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *srey- (“to flow, stream”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*struja"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *struja",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "trìmti",
"3": "",
"4": "to shiver"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian tri̇̀mti (“to shiver”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*trem-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *trem-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Not entirely clear, but the presiding opinion tends towards an archaic i-stem from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ter- (“rigid, erect”) or *(s)terh₁- (“to stiffen”) + *-ьmь (compare o-stems *-ьmъ, *-ьmo), related to Ancient Greek στερεός (stereós), στέριφος (stériphos, “solid, rigid”), στερέμνιος (sterémnios, “sturdy”), German stramm (“tight”). Sobolevsky, Mladenov have alternatively proposed possible derivation from Proto-Indo-European *srey- (“to flow, stream”) akin to Proto-Slavic *struja, *strumy (“stream”).\nMachek further suggests possible kinship to Lithuanian tri̇̀mti (“to shiver”) (also meaning “to sink, to subside”), trem̃ti (“to exile”) < Proto-Indo-European *trem-.",
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/strьmь",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"exactly, absolutely"
],
"links": [
[
"exactly",
"exactly"
],
[
"absolutely",
"absolutely"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj"
],
"word": "strьmь"
}
Download raw JSONL data for strьmь meaning in Proto-Slavic (6.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-20 using wiktextract (4eaa824 and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.