See stěna in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "стѣна"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: стѣна (stěna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: стѣна (stěna)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "сцяна́"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: сцяна́ (scjaná)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: сцяна́ (scjaná)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "стена́"
},
"expansion": "Russian: стена́ (stená)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: стена́ (stená)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "стіна́"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: стіна́ (stiná)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: стіна́ (stiná)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Cyrillic: стѣна (stěna)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Glagolitic: ⱄⱅⱑⱀⰰ (stěna)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "стена́"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: стена́ (stená)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: стена́ (stená)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "стена"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: стена (stena)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: стена (stena)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "сте́на",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: сте́на",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: сте́на, стије́на, стѝна (“rock”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Latin: sténa, stijéna, stìna (“rock”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "stẹ́na",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: stẹ́na",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stẹ́na"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: stẹ́na (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: stẹ́na (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "stěna"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: stěna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: stěna"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "stěna"
},
"expansion": "Czech: stěna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: stěna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "ściana"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: ściana\nPolish: ściana\nSilesian: ściana",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: ściana\nPolish: ściana\nSilesian: ściana"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-osk",
"2": "stena"
},
"expansion": "Old Slovak: stena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Slovak: stena"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "stena"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: stena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: stena"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pox",
"2": "sťonă"
},
"expansion": "Polabian: sťonă",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polabian: sťonă"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Pomeranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "scana"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: scana",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: scana"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "scana"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: scana",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: scana"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "sćěna"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: sćěna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: sćěna"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "sćěna"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: sćěna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: sćěna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Non-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "stană"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: stană",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: stană"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*staiˀnā́ˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *staiˀnā́ˀ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*stain",
"t": "stone"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *stain (“stone”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "στῖον",
"t": "pebble"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek στῖον (stîon, “pebble”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "स्त्यायते",
"t": "hardens, solidifies"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit स्त्यायते (styāyate, “hardens, solidifies”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *staiˀnā́ˀ. Cognate with Proto-West Germanic *stain (“stone”), Ancient Greek στῖον (stîon, “pebble”) and Sanskrit स्त्यायते (styāyate, “hardens, solidifies”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stěnà",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "stěnà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stě̑ně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "stě̑ny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stěný",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stěnù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "stě̃nъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stěně̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stěnàma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "stěnàmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stě̑nǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stě̑ně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "stě̑ny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stěnojǫ́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stěnàma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "stěnàmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stě̑ně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stěnù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "stěnàsъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stěnàxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stěno",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "stě̑ně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "stě̑ny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ap": "c"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/stěna",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "stьblo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "stem, stalk, trunk",
"word": "stьblь"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"conglomeration (of stones)"
],
"id": "en-stěna-sla-pro-noun-CYb~9H5I",
"links": [
[
"conglomeration",
"conglomeration"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"lump, block"
],
"id": "en-stěna-sla-pro-noun-6NJzqY9-",
"links": [
[
"lump",
"lump"
],
[
"block",
"block"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"cliff, rock"
],
"id": "en-stěna-sla-pro-noun-o-TvdSFO",
"links": [
[
"cliff",
"cliff"
],
[
"rock",
"rock"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 27 5 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 16 5 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 21 3 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 7 3 85",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wall, stone wall"
],
"id": "en-stěna-sla-pro-noun-cKtbt6nO",
"links": [
[
"wall",
"wall"
],
[
"stone wall",
"stone wall"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "stěna"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "стѣна"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: стѣна (stěna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: стѣна (stěna)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "сцяна́"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: сцяна́ (scjaná)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: сцяна́ (scjaná)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "стена́"
},
"expansion": "Russian: стена́ (stená)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: стена́ (stená)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "стіна́"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: стіна́ (stiná)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: стіна́ (stiná)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Cyrillic: стѣна (stěna)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Glagolitic: ⱄⱅⱑⱀⰰ (stěna)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "стена́"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: стена́ (stená)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: стена́ (stená)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "стена"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: стена (stena)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: стена (stena)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "сте́на",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: сте́на",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: сте́на, стије́на, стѝна (“rock”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Latin: sténa, stijéna, stìna (“rock”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "stẹ́na",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: stẹ́na",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stẹ́na"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: stẹ́na (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: stẹ́na (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "stěna"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: stěna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: stěna"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "stěna"
},
"expansion": "Czech: stěna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: stěna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "ściana"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: ściana\nPolish: ściana\nSilesian: ściana",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: ściana\nPolish: ściana\nSilesian: ściana"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-osk",
"2": "stena"
},
"expansion": "Old Slovak: stena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Slovak: stena"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "stena"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: stena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: stena"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pox",
"2": "sťonă"
},
"expansion": "Polabian: sťonă",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polabian: sťonă"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Pomeranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "scana"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: scana",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: scana"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "scana"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: scana",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: scana"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "sćěna"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: sćěna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: sćěna"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "sćěna"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: sćěna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: sćěna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Non-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "stană"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: stană",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: stană"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*staiˀnā́ˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *staiˀnā́ˀ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*stain",
"t": "stone"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *stain (“stone”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "στῖον",
"t": "pebble"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek στῖον (stîon, “pebble”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "स्त्यायते",
"t": "hardens, solidifies"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit स्त्यायते (styāyate, “hardens, solidifies”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *staiˀnā́ˀ. Cognate with Proto-West Germanic *stain (“stone”), Ancient Greek στῖον (stîon, “pebble”) and Sanskrit स्त्यायते (styāyate, “hardens, solidifies”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stěnà",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "stěnà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stě̑ně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "stě̑ny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stěný",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stěnù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "stě̃nъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stěně̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stěnàma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "stěnàmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stě̑nǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stě̑ně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "stě̑ny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stěnojǫ́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stěnàma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "stěnàmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stě̑ně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stěnù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "stěnàsъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stěnàxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stěno",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "stě̑ně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "stě̑ny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ap": "c"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/stěna",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "stьblo"
},
{
"english": "stem, stalk, trunk",
"word": "stьblь"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"conglomeration (of stones)"
],
"links": [
[
"conglomeration",
"conglomeration"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"lump, block"
],
"links": [
[
"lump",
"lump"
],
[
"block",
"block"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"cliff, rock"
],
"links": [
[
"cliff",
"cliff"
],
[
"rock",
"rock"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"wall, stone wall"
],
"links": [
[
"wall",
"wall"
],
[
"stone wall",
"stone wall"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "stěna"
}
Download raw JSONL data for stěna meaning in Proto-Slavic (8.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.