"pero" meaning in Proto-Slavic

See pero in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Etymology: * Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ (“feather, wing”), from *peth₂- (“to fly”). Cognates include Lithuanian spar̃nas (“wing”), Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “wing, feather”), English feather, Old Armenian թիռ (tʻiṙ, “flight”). * Per Vasmer and Derksen, related to *pьrati (“to fly”). Cognate with Lithuanian spar̃nas (“wing”), Latvian spā̀rns (“wing”), Sanskrit पर्ण (parṇá, “wing”), Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 (par^əna, “wing”), Old English fearn (“fern”), English fern, Old Irish raith (“fern”). Derksen also includes Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “wing, feather”), but Vasmer considers the connection less likely. Derksen derives these from Proto-Indo-European *perH- (“to fly”), with a laryngeal assumed on the basis of Baltic and Celtic evidence. Etymology templates: {{der|sla-pro|ine-pro|*péth₂r̥|t=feather, wing}} Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ (“feather, wing”), {{cog|lt|spar̃nas|t=wing}} Lithuanian spar̃nas (“wing”), {{cog|grc|πτερόν|t=wing, feather}} Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “wing, feather”), {{cog|en|feather}} English feather, {{cog|xcl|թիռ|t=flight}} Old Armenian թիռ (tʻiṙ, “flight”), {{cog|lt|spar̃nas|t=wing}} Lithuanian spar̃nas (“wing”), {{cog|lv|spā̀rns|t=wing}} Latvian spā̀rns (“wing”), {{cog|sa|पर्ण|t=wing|tr=parṇá}} Sanskrit पर्ण (parṇá, “wing”), {{cog|ae|𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀|t=wing}} Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 (par^əna, “wing”), {{cog|ang|fearn|t=fern}} Old English fearn (“fern”), {{cog|en|fern}} English fern, {{cog|sga|raith|t=fern}} Old Irish raith (“fern”), {{cog|grc|πτερόν|t=wing, feather}} Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “wing, feather”), {{der|sla-pro|ine-pro|*perH-|t=to fly}} Proto-Indo-European *perH- (“to fly”) Inflection templates: {{sla-decl-noun|però|ap=b}} Forms: però [canonical, neuter], no-table-tags [table-tags], b [accent-paradigm], però [nominative, singular], pèrě [dual, nominative], perà [nominative, plural], perà [genitive, singular], perù [dual, genitive], pèrъ [genitive, plural], perù [dative, singular], peròma [dative, dual], peròmъ [dative, plural], però [accusative, singular], pèrě [accusative, dual], perà [accusative, plural], perъ̀mь [instrumental, singular], peròmь [instrumental, singular], peròma [dual, instrumental], pèry [instrumental, plural], perě̀ [locative, singular], perù [dual, locative], pèrěxъ [locative, plural], però [singular, vocative], pèrě [dual, vocative], perà [plural, vocative]
  1. feather Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-pero-sla-pro-noun-tSEV6lU8
  2. quill (for writing) Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-pero-sla-pro-noun-043oMQi0 Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 13 87 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header: 4 96 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b: 4 96
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: operenьje (english: feathering), perina (english: cushion (made of feathers)), perušina (english: plumage (as material)), perьnъ (english: goosey, exhibiting gooseflesh), perьnatъ (english: feathery) Related terms: pьrati (english: to fly)
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "feathering",
      "word": "operenьje"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "cushion (made of feathers)",
      "word": "perina"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "plumage (as material)",
      "word": "perušina"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "goosey, exhibiting gooseflesh",
      "word": "perьnъ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "feathery",
      "word": "perьnatъ"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "перо"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: перо (pero)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: перо (pero)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "пяро́"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: пяро́ (pjaró)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: пяро́ (pjaró)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "перо́"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: перо́ (peró)\n→ Azerbaijani: pero\n→ Kildin Sami: пера (pjera)\n→ Ingrian: pero",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: перо́ (peró)\n→ Azerbaijani: pero\n→ Kildin Sami: пера (pjera)\n→ Ingrian: pero"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rue",
            "2": "перо"
          },
          "expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: перо (pero)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Carpathian Rusyn: перо (pero)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "перо́"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: перо́ (peró)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: перо́ (peró)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Church Slavonic: перо (pero)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "перо́"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: перо́ (peró)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: перо́ (peró)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "перо"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: перо (pero)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: перо (pero)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "пѐро",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: пѐро",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sla-pro",
            "2": "Eastern Hercegovina"
          },
          "expansion": "(Eastern Hercegovina)",
          "name": "a"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: пѐро, pl. пе̏ра, (Eastern Hercegovina) пѐра"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sla-pro",
            "2": "Eastern Hercegovina"
          },
          "expansion": "(Eastern Hercegovina)",
          "name": "a"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin: pèro, pl. pȅra, (Eastern Hercegovina) pèra"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "perọ̑",
            "alt": "",
            "bor": "",
            "der": "",
            "g": "",
            "pos": "",
            "t": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: perọ̑",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "perọ̑"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: perọ̑ (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "desc/sl-tonal"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "perẹ̑sa"
          },
          "expansion": "perẹ̑sa (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "l/sl-tonal"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "péro"
          },
          "expansion": "péro (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "l/sl-tonal"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "péra"
          },
          "expansion": "péra (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "l/sl-tonal"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pẹ́ro"
          },
          "expansion": "pẹ́ro (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "l/sl-tonal"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pẹ́ra"
          },
          "expansion": "pẹ́ra (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "l/sl-tonal"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: perọ̑ (tonal orthography), gen. perẹ̑sa (tonal orthography); péro (tonal orthography), gen. péra (tonal orthography)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "pero",
            "3": "péro"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: pero, péro",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: pero, péro"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pox",
            "2": "perü"
          },
          "expansion": "Polabian: perü",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polabian: perü"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-opl",
            "2": "pióro"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Polish: pióro",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Polish: pióro"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "pióro"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: pióro",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: pióro"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "szl",
            "2": "piōro"
          },
          "expansion": "Silesian: piōro",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Silesian: piōro"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Pomeranian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": "pióro"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian: pióro",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian: pióro"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "pero"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: pero",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: pero"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "pjero"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: pjero",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: pjero"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "pjero",
            "3": "pjoro"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: pjero, pjoro",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: pjero, pjoro"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*péth₂r̥",
        "t": "feather, wing"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ (“feather, wing”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "spar̃nas",
        "t": "wing"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian spar̃nas (“wing”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "πτερόν",
        "t": "wing, feather"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “wing, feather”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "feather"
      },
      "expansion": "English feather",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "թիռ",
        "t": "flight"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian թիռ (tʻiṙ, “flight”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "spar̃nas",
        "t": "wing"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian spar̃nas (“wing”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "spā̀rns",
        "t": "wing"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian spā̀rns (“wing”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "पर्ण",
        "t": "wing",
        "tr": "parṇá"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit पर्ण (parṇá, “wing”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀",
        "t": "wing"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 (par^əna, “wing”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "fearn",
        "t": "fern"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English fearn (“fern”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fern"
      },
      "expansion": "English fern",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "raith",
        "t": "fern"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish raith (“fern”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "πτερόν",
        "t": "wing, feather"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “wing, feather”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*perH-",
        "t": "to fly"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *perH- (“to fly”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "* Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ (“feather, wing”), from *peth₂- (“to fly”). Cognates include Lithuanian spar̃nas (“wing”), Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “wing, feather”), English feather, Old Armenian թիռ (tʻiṙ, “flight”).\n* Per Vasmer and Derksen, related to *pьrati (“to fly”). Cognate with Lithuanian spar̃nas (“wing”), Latvian spā̀rns (“wing”), Sanskrit पर्ण (parṇá, “wing”), Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 (par^əna, “wing”), Old English fearn (“fern”), English fern, Old Irish raith (“fern”). Derksen also includes Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “wing, feather”), but Vasmer considers the connection less likely. Derksen derives these from Proto-Indo-European *perH- (“to fly”), with a laryngeal assumed on the basis of Baltic and Celtic evidence.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "però",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "b",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "però",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pèrě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perà",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perà",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perù",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pèrъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perù",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "peròma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "peròmъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "però",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pèrě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perà",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perъ̀mь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "peròmь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "peròma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pèry",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perě̀",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perù",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pèrěxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "però",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pèrě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perà",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "però",
        "ap": "b"
      },
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pero",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "to fly",
      "word": "pьrati"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "feather"
      ],
      "id": "en-pero-sla-pro-noun-tSEV6lU8",
      "links": [
        [
          "feather",
          "feather"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "13 87",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 96",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 96",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "quill (for writing)"
      ],
      "id": "en-pero-sla-pro-noun-043oMQi0",
      "links": [
        [
          "quill",
          "quill"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Rick Derksen"
  ],
  "word": "pero"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Slavic hard neuter o-stem nouns",
    "Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
    "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
    "Proto-Slavic neuter nouns",
    "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
    "Proto-Slavic nouns"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "feathering",
      "word": "operenьje"
    },
    {
      "english": "cushion (made of feathers)",
      "word": "perina"
    },
    {
      "english": "plumage (as material)",
      "word": "perušina"
    },
    {
      "english": "goosey, exhibiting gooseflesh",
      "word": "perьnъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "feathery",
      "word": "perьnatъ"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "перо"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: перо (pero)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: перо (pero)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "пяро́"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: пяро́ (pjaró)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: пяро́ (pjaró)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "перо́"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: перо́ (peró)\n→ Azerbaijani: pero\n→ Kildin Sami: пера (pjera)\n→ Ingrian: pero",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: перо́ (peró)\n→ Azerbaijani: pero\n→ Kildin Sami: пера (pjera)\n→ Ingrian: pero"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rue",
            "2": "перо"
          },
          "expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: перо (pero)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Carpathian Rusyn: перо (pero)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "перо́"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: перо́ (peró)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: перо́ (peró)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Church Slavonic: перо (pero)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "перо́"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: перо́ (peró)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: перо́ (peró)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "перо"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: перо (pero)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: перо (pero)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "пѐро",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: пѐро",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sla-pro",
            "2": "Eastern Hercegovina"
          },
          "expansion": "(Eastern Hercegovina)",
          "name": "a"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: пѐро, pl. пе̏ра, (Eastern Hercegovina) пѐра"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sla-pro",
            "2": "Eastern Hercegovina"
          },
          "expansion": "(Eastern Hercegovina)",
          "name": "a"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin: pèro, pl. pȅra, (Eastern Hercegovina) pèra"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "perọ̑",
            "alt": "",
            "bor": "",
            "der": "",
            "g": "",
            "pos": "",
            "t": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: perọ̑",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "perọ̑"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: perọ̑ (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "desc/sl-tonal"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "perẹ̑sa"
          },
          "expansion": "perẹ̑sa (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "l/sl-tonal"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "péro"
          },
          "expansion": "péro (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "l/sl-tonal"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "péra"
          },
          "expansion": "péra (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "l/sl-tonal"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pẹ́ro"
          },
          "expansion": "pẹ́ro (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "l/sl-tonal"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pẹ́ra"
          },
          "expansion": "pẹ́ra (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "l/sl-tonal"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: perọ̑ (tonal orthography), gen. perẹ̑sa (tonal orthography); péro (tonal orthography), gen. péra (tonal orthography)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "pero",
            "3": "péro"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: pero, péro",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: pero, péro"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pox",
            "2": "perü"
          },
          "expansion": "Polabian: perü",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polabian: perü"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-opl",
            "2": "pióro"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Polish: pióro",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Polish: pióro"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "pióro"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: pióro",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: pióro"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "szl",
            "2": "piōro"
          },
          "expansion": "Silesian: piōro",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Silesian: piōro"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Pomeranian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": "pióro"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian: pióro",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian: pióro"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "pero"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: pero",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: pero"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "pjero"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: pjero",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: pjero"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "pjero",
            "3": "pjoro"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: pjero, pjoro",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: pjero, pjoro"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*péth₂r̥",
        "t": "feather, wing"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ (“feather, wing”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "spar̃nas",
        "t": "wing"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian spar̃nas (“wing”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "πτερόν",
        "t": "wing, feather"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “wing, feather”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "feather"
      },
      "expansion": "English feather",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "թիռ",
        "t": "flight"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian թիռ (tʻiṙ, “flight”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "spar̃nas",
        "t": "wing"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian spar̃nas (“wing”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "spā̀rns",
        "t": "wing"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian spā̀rns (“wing”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "पर्ण",
        "t": "wing",
        "tr": "parṇá"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit पर्ण (parṇá, “wing”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀",
        "t": "wing"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 (par^əna, “wing”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "fearn",
        "t": "fern"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English fearn (“fern”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fern"
      },
      "expansion": "English fern",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "raith",
        "t": "fern"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish raith (“fern”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "πτερόν",
        "t": "wing, feather"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “wing, feather”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*perH-",
        "t": "to fly"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *perH- (“to fly”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "* Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ (“feather, wing”), from *peth₂- (“to fly”). Cognates include Lithuanian spar̃nas (“wing”), Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “wing, feather”), English feather, Old Armenian թիռ (tʻiṙ, “flight”).\n* Per Vasmer and Derksen, related to *pьrati (“to fly”). Cognate with Lithuanian spar̃nas (“wing”), Latvian spā̀rns (“wing”), Sanskrit पर्ण (parṇá, “wing”), Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 (par^əna, “wing”), Old English fearn (“fern”), English fern, Old Irish raith (“fern”). Derksen also includes Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “wing, feather”), but Vasmer considers the connection less likely. Derksen derives these from Proto-Indo-European *perH- (“to fly”), with a laryngeal assumed on the basis of Baltic and Celtic evidence.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "però",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "b",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "però",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pèrě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perà",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perà",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perù",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pèrъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perù",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "peròma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "peròmъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "però",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pèrě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perà",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perъ̀mь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "peròmь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "peròma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pèry",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perě̀",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perù",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pèrěxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "però",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pèrě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perà",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "però",
        "ap": "b"
      },
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pero",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "to fly",
      "word": "pьrati"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "feather"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "feather",
          "feather"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "quill (for writing)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "quill",
          "quill"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Rick Derksen"
  ],
  "word": "pero"
}

Download raw JSONL data for pero meaning in Proto-Slavic (10.8kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.