"kroma" meaning in Proto-Slavic

See kroma in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Etymology: Likely from Proto-Indo-European *(s)krem-, an extension of *(s)ker- (“to cut”). Akin to German Schramme (“scratch”), possibly Ancient Greek κρημνός (krēmnós, “river bank”). Etymology templates: {{der|sla-pro|ine-pro|*(s)krem-}} Proto-Indo-European *(s)krem-, {{cog|de|Schramme||scratch}} German Schramme (“scratch”), {{cog|grc|κρημνός||river bank}} Ancient Greek κρημνός (krēmnós, “river bank”) Inflection templates: {{sla-decl-noun|krōmà|ap=b|stem=a}} Forms: krōmà [canonical, feminine], *kromъ [alternative], no-table-tags [table-tags], kromà [nominative, singular], kròmě [dual, nominative], kromỳ [nominative, plural], kromỳ [genitive, singular], kromù [dual, genitive], kròmъ [genitive, plural], kromě̀ [dative, singular], kromàma [dative, dual], kromàmъ [dative, plural], kromǫ̀ [accusative, singular], kròmě [accusative, dual], kromỳ [accusative, plural], kromòjǫ [instrumental, singular], kròmǫ [instrumental, singular], kromàma [dual, instrumental], kromàmī [instrumental, plural], kromě̀ [locative, singular], kromù [dual, locative], kromàsъ [locative, plural], kromàxъ [locative, plural], kromo [singular, vocative], kròmě [dual, vocative], kromỳ [plural, vocative]
  1. edge, boundary Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-kroma-sla-pro-noun-bDJq8WV5 Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Slavic entries with invalid diacritics, Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 55 45 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 46 54 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header: 58 42 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic entries with invalid diacritics: 62 38 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b: 63 37
  2. slice Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-kroma-sla-pro-noun-A~2wZdlW Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 55 45 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 46 54
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: kromъka [diminutive] Derived forms (*sъkromъ (“restricted”)): sъkromьnъ (english: humble, modest) Related terms: kremy (english: flint), kъrnъ (english: cut, scared)
Disambiguation of '*sъkromъ (“restricted”)': 100 0
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ],
      "word": "kromъka"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "100 0",
      "english": "humble, modest",
      "sense": "*sъkromъ (“restricted”)",
      "word": "sъkromьnъ"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "кромъ",
            "g": "m"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: кромъ m (kromŭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: кромъ m (kromŭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "акро́м",
            "3": "акрамя́",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Belarusian: акро́м (akróm), акрамя́ (akramjá)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Belarusian: акро́м (akróm), акрамя́ (akramjá)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rue",
            "2": "крум",
            "3": "кроми",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Carpathian Rusyn: крум (krum), кроми (kromy)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Carpathian Rusyn: крум (krum), кроми (kromy)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "крома́",
            "t": "barrier"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: крома́ (kromá, “barrier”)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "(dialectal)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: крома́ (kromá, “barrier”) (dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "кро́мка",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Russian: кро́мка (krómka)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "diminutive"
          },
          "expansion": "(diminutive)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Russian: кро́мка (krómka) (diminutive)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "кро́ме",
            "3": "окро́ме",
            "4": "окромя́",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Russian: кро́ме (króme), окро́ме (okróme), окромя́ (okromjá)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Russian: кро́ме (króme), окро́ме (okróme), окромя́ (okromjá)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "кро́ма",
            "t": "barrier"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: кро́ма (króma, “barrier”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: кро́ма (króma, “barrier”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "крім",
            "3": "окрі́м",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Ukrainian: крім (krim), окрі́м (okrím)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Ukrainian: крім (krim), окрі́м (okrím)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "кромѣ",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old Church Slavonic: кромѣ (kromě)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old Church Slavonic: кромѣ (kromě)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "кро́ме",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Bulgarian: кро́ме (króme)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dated"
          },
          "expansion": "(dated)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Bulgarian: кро́ме (króme) (dated)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "кроме",
            "der": "1",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Cyrillic script: кроме",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Cyrillic script: кроме, кромје"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "krome",
            "der": "1",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Latin script: krome",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Latin script: krome, kromje"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "krom",
            "3": "kromě",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Czech: krom, kromě",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Czech: krom, kromě"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "kroma",
            "t": "slice of bread"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: kroma (“slice of bread”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: kroma (“slice of bread”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "kromka",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Polish: kromka",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "diminutive"
          },
          "expansion": "(diminutive)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Polish: kromka (diminutive)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "krom",
            "3": "okrom",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Polish: krom, okrom",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Polish: krom, okrom"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-slv",
            "2": "króma"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovincian: króma",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovincian: króma"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "krom",
            "3": "krem"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: krom, krem",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dated"
          },
          "expansion": "(dated)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: krom, krem (dated)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "kroma",
            "t": "end"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: kroma (“end”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: kroma (“end”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "kšoma",
            "t": "end"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: kšoma (“end”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: kšoma (“end”)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)krem-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)krem-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Schramme",
        "3": "",
        "4": "scratch"
      },
      "expansion": "German Schramme (“scratch”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "κρημνός",
        "3": "",
        "4": "river bank"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek κρημνός (krēmnós, “river bank”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Likely from Proto-Indo-European *(s)krem-, an extension of *(s)ker- (“to cut”). Akin to German Schramme (“scratch”), possibly Ancient Greek κρημνός (krēmnós, “river bank”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "krōmà",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "*kromъ",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromà",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kròmě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromỳ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromỳ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromù",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kròmъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromě̀",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromàma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromàmъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromǫ̀",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kròmě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromỳ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromòjǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kròmǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromàma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromàmī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromě̀",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromù",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromàsъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromàxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kròmě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromỳ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "krōmà",
        "ap": "b",
        "stem": "a"
      },
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kroma",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "flint",
      "word": "kremy"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "cut, scared",
      "word": "kъrnъ"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "55 45",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 54",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "62 38",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with invalid diacritics",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "63 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "edge, boundary"
      ],
      "id": "en-kroma-sla-pro-noun-bDJq8WV5",
      "links": [
        [
          "edge",
          "edge"
        ],
        [
          "boundary",
          "boundary"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "55 45",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 54",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "slice"
      ],
      "id": "en-kroma-sla-pro-noun-A~2wZdlW",
      "links": [
        [
          "slice",
          "slice"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kroma"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Slavic entries with invalid diacritics",
    "Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
    "Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
    "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
    "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
    "Proto-Slavic nouns",
    "Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ],
      "word": "kromъka"
    },
    {
      "english": "humble, modest",
      "sense": "*sъkromъ (“restricted”)",
      "word": "sъkromьnъ"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "кромъ",
            "g": "m"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: кромъ m (kromŭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: кромъ m (kromŭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "акро́м",
            "3": "акрамя́",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Belarusian: акро́м (akróm), акрамя́ (akramjá)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Belarusian: акро́м (akróm), акрамя́ (akramjá)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rue",
            "2": "крум",
            "3": "кроми",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Carpathian Rusyn: крум (krum), кроми (kromy)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Carpathian Rusyn: крум (krum), кроми (kromy)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "крома́",
            "t": "barrier"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: крома́ (kromá, “barrier”)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "(dialectal)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: крома́ (kromá, “barrier”) (dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "кро́мка",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Russian: кро́мка (krómka)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "diminutive"
          },
          "expansion": "(diminutive)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Russian: кро́мка (krómka) (diminutive)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "кро́ме",
            "3": "окро́ме",
            "4": "окромя́",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Russian: кро́ме (króme), окро́ме (okróme), окромя́ (okromjá)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Russian: кро́ме (króme), окро́ме (okróme), окромя́ (okromjá)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "кро́ма",
            "t": "barrier"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: кро́ма (króma, “barrier”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: кро́ма (króma, “barrier”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "крім",
            "3": "окрі́м",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Ukrainian: крім (krim), окрі́м (okrím)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Ukrainian: крім (krim), окрі́м (okrím)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "кромѣ",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old Church Slavonic: кромѣ (kromě)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old Church Slavonic: кромѣ (kromě)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "кро́ме",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Bulgarian: кро́ме (króme)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dated"
          },
          "expansion": "(dated)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Bulgarian: кро́ме (króme) (dated)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "кроме",
            "der": "1",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Cyrillic script: кроме",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Cyrillic script: кроме, кромје"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "krome",
            "der": "1",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Latin script: krome",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Latin script: krome, kromje"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "krom",
            "3": "kromě",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Czech: krom, kromě",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Czech: krom, kromě"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "kroma",
            "t": "slice of bread"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: kroma (“slice of bread”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: kroma (“slice of bread”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "kromka",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Polish: kromka",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "diminutive"
          },
          "expansion": "(diminutive)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Polish: kromka (diminutive)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "krom",
            "3": "okrom",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Polish: krom, okrom",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Polish: krom, okrom"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-slv",
            "2": "króma"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovincian: króma",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovincian: króma"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "krom",
            "3": "krem"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: krom, krem",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dated"
          },
          "expansion": "(dated)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: krom, krem (dated)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "kroma",
            "t": "end"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: kroma (“end”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: kroma (“end”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "kšoma",
            "t": "end"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: kšoma (“end”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: kšoma (“end”)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)krem-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)krem-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Schramme",
        "3": "",
        "4": "scratch"
      },
      "expansion": "German Schramme (“scratch”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "κρημνός",
        "3": "",
        "4": "river bank"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek κρημνός (krēmnós, “river bank”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Likely from Proto-Indo-European *(s)krem-, an extension of *(s)ker- (“to cut”). Akin to German Schramme (“scratch”), possibly Ancient Greek κρημνός (krēmnós, “river bank”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "krōmà",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "*kromъ",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromà",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kròmě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromỳ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromỳ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromù",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kròmъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromě̀",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromàma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromàmъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromǫ̀",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kròmě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromỳ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromòjǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kròmǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromàma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromàmī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromě̀",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromù",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromàsъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromàxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kròmě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kromỳ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "krōmà",
        "ap": "b",
        "stem": "a"
      },
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kroma",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "flint",
      "word": "kremy"
    },
    {
      "english": "cut, scared",
      "word": "kъrnъ"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "edge, boundary"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "edge",
          "edge"
        ],
        [
          "boundary",
          "boundary"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "slice"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "slice",
          "slice"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kroma"
}

Download raw JSONL data for kroma meaning in Proto-Slavic (8.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (92124b4 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.