See kroma in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "derived": [ { "_dis1": "0 0", "tags": [ "diminutive" ], "word": "kromъka" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "english": "humble, modest", "sense": "*sъkromъ (“restricted”)", "word": "sъkromьnъ" } ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [], "text": "East Slavic:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "orv", "2": "кромъ", "g": "m" }, "expansion": "Old East Slavic: кромъ m (kromŭ)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old East Slavic: кромъ m (kromŭ)" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "be", "2": "акро́м", "3": "акрамя́", "der": "1" }, "expansion": "⇒ Belarusian: акро́м (akróm), акрамя́ (akramjá)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "⇒ Belarusian: акро́м (akróm), акрамя́ (akramjá)" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "rue", "2": "крум", "3": "кроми", "der": "1" }, "expansion": "⇒ Carpathian Rusyn: крум (krum), кроми (kromy)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "⇒ Carpathian Rusyn: крум (krum), кроми (kromy)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ru", "2": "крома́", "t": "barrier" }, "expansion": "Russian: крома́ (kromá, “barrier”)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "dialectal" }, "expansion": "(dialectal)", "name": "q" } ], "text": "Russian: крома́ (kromá, “barrier”) (dialectal)" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ru", "2": "кро́мка", "der": "1" }, "expansion": "⇒ Russian: кро́мка (krómka)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "diminutive" }, "expansion": "(diminutive)", "name": "q" } ], "text": "⇒ Russian: кро́мка (krómka) (diminutive)" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ru", "2": "кро́ме", "3": "окро́ме", "4": "окромя́", "der": "1" }, "expansion": "⇒ Russian: кро́ме (króme), окро́ме (okróme), окромя́ (okromjá)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "⇒ Russian: кро́ме (króme), окро́ме (okróme), окромя́ (okromjá)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "uk", "2": "кро́ма", "t": "barrier" }, "expansion": "Ukrainian: кро́ма (króma, “barrier”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Ukrainian: кро́ма (króma, “barrier”)" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "uk", "2": "крім", "3": "окрі́м", "der": "1" }, "expansion": "⇒ Ukrainian: крім (krim), окрі́м (okrím)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "⇒ Ukrainian: крім (krim), окрі́м (okrím)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [], "text": "South Slavic:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "cu", "2": "кромѣ", "der": "1" }, "expansion": "⇒ Old Church Slavonic: кромѣ (kromě)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "⇒ Old Church Slavonic: кромѣ (kromě)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "bg", "2": "кроме", "der": "1" }, "expansion": "⇒ Bulgarian: кроме (krome)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "dated" }, "expansion": "(dated)", "name": "q" } ], "text": "⇒ Bulgarian: кроме (krome) (dated)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sh", "2": "-" }, "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Serbo-Croatian:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sh", "2": "кроме", "der": "1", "sclb": "1" }, "expansion": "⇒ Cyrillic script: кроме", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "⇒ Cyrillic script: кроме, кромје" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sh", "2": "krome", "der": "1", "sclb": "1" }, "expansion": "⇒ Latin script: krome", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "⇒ Latin script: krome, kromje" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [], "text": "West Slavic:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "cs", "2": "krom", "3": "kromě", "der": "1" }, "expansion": "⇒ Czech: krom, kromě", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "⇒ Czech: krom, kromě" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pl", "2": "kroma", "t": "slice of bread" }, "expansion": "Polish: kroma (“slice of bread”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Polish: kroma (“slice of bread”)" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pl", "2": "kromka", "der": "1" }, "expansion": "⇒ Polish: kromka", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "diminutive" }, "expansion": "(diminutive)", "name": "q" } ], "text": "⇒ Polish: kromka (diminutive)" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pl", "2": "krom", "3": "okrom", "der": "1" }, "expansion": "⇒ Polish: krom, okrom", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "⇒ Polish: krom, okrom" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "zlw-slv", "2": "króma" }, "expansion": "Slovincian: króma", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Slovincian: króma" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sk", "2": "krom", "3": "krem" }, "expansion": "Slovak: krom, krem", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "dated" }, "expansion": "(dated)", "name": "q" } ], "text": "Slovak: krom, krem (dated)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "Sorbian:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "hsb", "2": "kroma", "t": "end" }, "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: kroma (“end”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Upper Sorbian: kroma (“end”)" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "dsb", "2": "kšoma", "t": "end" }, "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: kšoma (“end”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Lower Sorbian: kšoma (“end”)" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sla-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*(s)krem-" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)krem-", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "Schramme", "3": "", "4": "scratch" }, "expansion": "German Schramme (“scratch”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "grc", "2": "κρημνός", "3": "", "4": "river bank" }, "expansion": "Ancient Greek κρημνός (krēmnós, “river bank”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "Likely from Proto-Indo-European *(s)krem-, an extension of *(s)ker- (“to cut”). Akin to German Schramme (“scratch”), possibly Ancient Greek κρημνός (krēmnós, “river bank”).", "forms": [ { "form": "krōmà", "tags": [ "canonical", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "sla-decl-noun", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "a-stem", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "b", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accent-paradigm" ] }, { "form": "kromà", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kròmě", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "kromỳ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kromỳ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kromù", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "kròmъ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kromě̀", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kromàma", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "kromàmъ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kromǫ̀", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kròmě", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "kromỳ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kromòjǫ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kròmǫ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kromàma", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "instrumental" ] }, { "form": "kromàmī", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kromě̀", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "locative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kromù", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "locative" ] }, { "form": "kromàsъ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "locative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kromàxъ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "locative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kromo", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "kròmě", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "kromỳ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "krōmà", "ap": "b", "stem": "a" }, "name": "sla-decl-noun" } ], "lang": "Proto-Slavic", "lang_code": "sla-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kroma", "pos": "noun", "related": [ { "_dis1": "0 0", "english": "flint", "word": "kremy" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "english": "cut, scared", "word": "kъrnъ" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "82 18", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "87 13", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "95 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "97 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with invalid diacritics", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "97 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "edge, boundary" ], "id": "en-kroma-sla-pro-noun-bDJq8WV5", "links": [ [ "edge", "edge" ], [ "boundary", "boundary" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] }, { "glosses": [ "slice" ], "id": "en-kroma-sla-pro-noun-A~2wZdlW", "links": [ [ "slice", "slice" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] } ], "synonyms": [ { "_dis1": "0 0", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "kromъ" } ], "word": "kroma" }
{ "categories": [ "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header", "Proto-Slavic entries with invalid diacritics", "Proto-Slavic feminine nouns", "Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns", "Proto-Slavic lemmas", "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b", "Proto-Slavic nouns", "Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European" ], "derived": [ { "tags": [ "diminutive" ], "word": "kromъka" }, { "english": "humble, modest", "sense": "*sъkromъ (“restricted”)", "word": "sъkromьnъ" } ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [], "text": "East Slavic:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "orv", "2": "кромъ", "g": "m" }, "expansion": "Old East Slavic: кромъ m (kromŭ)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old East Slavic: кромъ m (kromŭ)" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "be", "2": "акро́м", "3": "акрамя́", "der": "1" }, "expansion": "⇒ Belarusian: акро́м (akróm), акрамя́ (akramjá)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "⇒ Belarusian: акро́м (akróm), акрамя́ (akramjá)" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "rue", "2": "крум", "3": "кроми", "der": "1" }, "expansion": "⇒ Carpathian Rusyn: крум (krum), кроми (kromy)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "⇒ Carpathian Rusyn: крум (krum), кроми (kromy)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ru", "2": "крома́", "t": "barrier" }, "expansion": "Russian: крома́ (kromá, “barrier”)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "dialectal" }, "expansion": "(dialectal)", "name": "q" } ], "text": "Russian: крома́ (kromá, “barrier”) (dialectal)" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ru", "2": "кро́мка", "der": "1" }, "expansion": "⇒ Russian: кро́мка (krómka)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "diminutive" }, "expansion": "(diminutive)", "name": "q" } ], "text": "⇒ Russian: кро́мка (krómka) (diminutive)" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ru", "2": "кро́ме", "3": "окро́ме", "4": "окромя́", "der": "1" }, "expansion": "⇒ Russian: кро́ме (króme), окро́ме (okróme), окромя́ (okromjá)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "⇒ Russian: кро́ме (króme), окро́ме (okróme), окромя́ (okromjá)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "uk", "2": "кро́ма", "t": "barrier" }, "expansion": "Ukrainian: кро́ма (króma, “barrier”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Ukrainian: кро́ма (króma, “barrier”)" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "uk", "2": "крім", "3": "окрі́м", "der": "1" }, "expansion": "⇒ Ukrainian: крім (krim), окрі́м (okrím)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "⇒ Ukrainian: крім (krim), окрі́м (okrím)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [], "text": "South Slavic:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "cu", "2": "кромѣ", "der": "1" }, "expansion": "⇒ Old Church Slavonic: кромѣ (kromě)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "⇒ Old Church Slavonic: кромѣ (kromě)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "bg", "2": "кроме", "der": "1" }, "expansion": "⇒ Bulgarian: кроме (krome)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "dated" }, "expansion": "(dated)", "name": "q" } ], "text": "⇒ Bulgarian: кроме (krome) (dated)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sh", "2": "-" }, "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Serbo-Croatian:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sh", "2": "кроме", "der": "1", "sclb": "1" }, "expansion": "⇒ Cyrillic script: кроме", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "⇒ Cyrillic script: кроме, кромје" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sh", "2": "krome", "der": "1", "sclb": "1" }, "expansion": "⇒ Latin script: krome", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "⇒ Latin script: krome, kromje" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [], "text": "West Slavic:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "cs", "2": "krom", "3": "kromě", "der": "1" }, "expansion": "⇒ Czech: krom, kromě", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "⇒ Czech: krom, kromě" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pl", "2": "kroma", "t": "slice of bread" }, "expansion": "Polish: kroma (“slice of bread”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Polish: kroma (“slice of bread”)" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pl", "2": "kromka", "der": "1" }, "expansion": "⇒ Polish: kromka", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "diminutive" }, "expansion": "(diminutive)", "name": "q" } ], "text": "⇒ Polish: kromka (diminutive)" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pl", "2": "krom", "3": "okrom", "der": "1" }, "expansion": "⇒ Polish: krom, okrom", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "⇒ Polish: krom, okrom" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "zlw-slv", "2": "króma" }, "expansion": "Slovincian: króma", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Slovincian: króma" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sk", "2": "krom", "3": "krem" }, "expansion": "Slovak: krom, krem", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "dated" }, "expansion": "(dated)", "name": "q" } ], "text": "Slovak: krom, krem (dated)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "Sorbian:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "hsb", "2": "kroma", "t": "end" }, "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: kroma (“end”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Upper Sorbian: kroma (“end”)" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "dsb", "2": "kšoma", "t": "end" }, "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: kšoma (“end”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Lower Sorbian: kšoma (“end”)" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sla-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*(s)krem-" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)krem-", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "Schramme", "3": "", "4": "scratch" }, "expansion": "German Schramme (“scratch”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "grc", "2": "κρημνός", "3": "", "4": "river bank" }, "expansion": "Ancient Greek κρημνός (krēmnós, “river bank”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "Likely from Proto-Indo-European *(s)krem-, an extension of *(s)ker- (“to cut”). Akin to German Schramme (“scratch”), possibly Ancient Greek κρημνός (krēmnós, “river bank”).", "forms": [ { "form": "krōmà", "tags": [ "canonical", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "sla-decl-noun", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "a-stem", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "b", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accent-paradigm" ] }, { "form": "kromà", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kròmě", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "kromỳ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kromỳ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kromù", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "kròmъ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kromě̀", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kromàma", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "kromàmъ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kromǫ̀", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kròmě", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "kromỳ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kromòjǫ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kròmǫ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kromàma", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "instrumental" ] }, { "form": "kromàmī", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kromě̀", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "locative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kromù", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "locative" ] }, { "form": "kromàsъ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "locative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kromàxъ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "locative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kromo", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "kròmě", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "kromỳ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "krōmà", "ap": "b", "stem": "a" }, "name": "sla-decl-noun" } ], "lang": "Proto-Slavic", "lang_code": "sla-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kroma", "pos": "noun", "related": [ { "english": "flint", "word": "kremy" }, { "english": "cut, scared", "word": "kъrnъ" } ], "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "edge, boundary" ], "links": [ [ "edge", "edge" ], [ "boundary", "boundary" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] }, { "glosses": [ "slice" ], "links": [ [ "slice", "slice" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] } ], "synonyms": [ { "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "kromъ" } ], "word": "kroma" }
Download raw JSONL data for kroma meaning in Proto-Slavic (8.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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