See krasti in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for krasti meaning in Proto-Slavic (13.5kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "jьzkrasti"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "jьzkradati"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "okrasti"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "okradati"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pokrasti"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pokradati"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sъkrasti"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sъkradati"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ukrasti"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ukradati"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "zakrasti"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "zakradati"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kradenьje"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "stealing, robbery; verbal nouns",
"word": "kradnь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "steal",
"word": "kraďa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "theft, robbery",
"word": "kraďьba"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kradežь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "thievery",
"word": "kradьba"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kradьcь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kradačь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kradičь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kradunъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "thief",
"word": "kradějь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "larcenous",
"word": "kradьlivъ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "кра́сці"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: кра́сці (krásci)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: кра́сці (krásci)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "красть"
},
"expansion": "Russian: красть (krastʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: красть (krastʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "кра́сти"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: кра́сти (krásty)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: кра́сти (krásty)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "красти",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: красти (krasti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: красти (krasti)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "крада́"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: крада́ (kradá)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "кра́дя"
},
"expansion": "кра́дя (krádja)",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*kraditi"
},
"expansion": "*kraditi",
"name": "m"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: крада́ (kradá); dial. кра́дя (krádja) (formally from *kraditi)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "краде"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: краде (krade)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: краде (krade)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "кра̏сти",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: кра̏сти",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: кра̏сти"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "krȁsti",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: krȁsti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: krȁsti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "krásti",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: krásti",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "krásti"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: krásti (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: krásti (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "krásti"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: krásti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: krásti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "krást"
},
"expansion": "Czech: krást",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: krást"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "krasc"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: krasc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: krasc"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "kraść"
},
"expansion": "Polish: kraść",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: kraść"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "kraś"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: kraś",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: kraś"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "krаsť"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: krаsť",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: krаsť"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "kradnyć"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: kradnyć",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: kradnyć"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "kšadnuś"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: kšadnuś",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: kšadnuś"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*krā́ˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *krā́ˀtei",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*-sti",
"pos1": "dʰé-conjugation"
},
"expansion": "*-sti (dʰé-conjugation)",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kreh₂-",
"4": "",
"5": "to take, to gather"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreh₂- (“to take, to gather”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "krât",
"3": "",
"4": "to gather, to heap"
},
"expansion": "Latvian krât (“to gather, to heap”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "krosnis",
"t": "oven"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian krosnis (“oven”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "krydh",
"t": "to steal, sneak"
},
"expansion": "Albanian krydh (“to steal, sneak”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*klasti"
},
"expansion": "*klasti",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*kràdnǫti"
},
"expansion": "*kràdnǫti",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "крам",
"g": "impf",
"t": "to lurk into (in order to steal)"
},
"expansion": "крам impf (kram, “to lurk into (in order to steal)”)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Per LIV, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *krā́ˀtei + *-sti (dʰé-conjugation), perhaps back-formed from the proto dʰi-imperative, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreh₂- (“to take, to gather”). Cognate with ye-present Latvian krât (“to gather, to heap”), Lithuanian krosnis (“oven”), Albanian krydh (“to steal, sneak”).\nDaughter languages disagree on the exact accentology - South Slavic tends to have circumflex present stem and mobilility as expected from Meillet's law (similar to analogous *klasti), while Old Russian evinces for fixed acute paradigm. This is sometimes attributed to the influence of the perfective *kràdnǫti.\nDialectal Bulgarian also exhibits reflexes of athematic conjugation крам impf (kram, “to lurk into (in order to steal)”), of unclear diachronic origin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kràsti",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kradnǫti",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "kradenьje",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "krasti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "krastъ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "kradlъ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"l-participle"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "kradenъ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kradomъ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kradъ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "krady",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "kradъ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kradoxъ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krade",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krade",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kradǫ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kradeši",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kradetь",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kradově",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kradoxově",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kradeta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kradosta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kradete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kradoste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kradevě",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kradeta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kradete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kradomъ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kradoxomъ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kradete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kradoste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kradǫ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kradošę",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "krademъ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kradete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kradǫtь",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kraděaxъ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kraděaše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kraděaše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kradi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kradi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kraděaxově",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "kraděašeta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperfect",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kraděašete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperfect",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kraděvě",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kraděta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kraděaxomъ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kraděašete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kraděaxǫ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kraděmъ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kraděte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"2": "krad-",
"ap": "a"
},
"name": "sla-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/krasti",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to conceal",
"word": "kryti"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "61 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "65 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-sti",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "76 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -C-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "73 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic verbs with accent paradigm a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to steal, to rob"
],
"id": "en-krasti-sla-pro-verb-OJ1YAsAm",
"links": [
[
"steal",
"steal"
],
[
"rob",
"rob"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"(+ *sę) to get into position to steal"
],
"id": "en-krasti-sla-pro-verb-ZM2DV9R8",
"links": [
[
"*sę",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sę"
],
[
"get",
"get"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive) (+ *sę) to get into position to steal"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kradati"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "krasti"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic imperfective verbs",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-sti",
"Proto-Slavic verbs",
"Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -C-",
"Proto-Slavic verbs with accent paradigm a",
"sla-conj with extra parameters/ap",
"sla-conj with extra parameters/n"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "jьzkrasti"
},
{
"word": "jьzkradati"
},
{
"word": "okrasti"
},
{
"word": "okradati"
},
{
"word": "pokrasti"
},
{
"word": "pokradati"
},
{
"word": "sъkrasti"
},
{
"word": "sъkradati"
},
{
"word": "ukrasti"
},
{
"word": "ukradati"
},
{
"word": "zakrasti"
},
{
"word": "zakradati"
},
{
"word": "kradenьje"
},
{
"english": "stealing, robbery; verbal nouns",
"word": "kradnь"
},
{
"english": "steal",
"word": "kraďa"
},
{
"english": "theft, robbery",
"word": "kraďьba"
},
{
"word": "kradežь"
},
{
"english": "thievery",
"word": "kradьba"
},
{
"word": "kradьcь"
},
{
"word": "kradačь"
},
{
"word": "kradičь"
},
{
"word": "kradunъ"
},
{
"english": "thief",
"word": "kradějь"
},
{
"english": "larcenous",
"word": "kradьlivъ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "кра́сці"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: кра́сці (krásci)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: кра́сці (krásci)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "красть"
},
"expansion": "Russian: красть (krastʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: красть (krastʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "кра́сти"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: кра́сти (krásty)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: кра́сти (krásty)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "красти",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: красти (krasti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: красти (krasti)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "крада́"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: крада́ (kradá)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "кра́дя"
},
"expansion": "кра́дя (krádja)",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*kraditi"
},
"expansion": "*kraditi",
"name": "m"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: крада́ (kradá); dial. кра́дя (krádja) (formally from *kraditi)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "краде"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: краде (krade)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: краде (krade)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "кра̏сти",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: кра̏сти",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: кра̏сти"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "krȁsti",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: krȁsti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: krȁsti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "krásti",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: krásti",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "krásti"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: krásti (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: krásti (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "krásti"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: krásti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: krásti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "krást"
},
"expansion": "Czech: krást",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: krást"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "krasc"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: krasc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: krasc"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "kraść"
},
"expansion": "Polish: kraść",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: kraść"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "kraś"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: kraś",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: kraś"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "krаsť"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: krаsť",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: krаsť"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "kradnyć"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: kradnyć",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: kradnyć"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "kšadnuś"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: kšadnuś",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: kšadnuś"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*krā́ˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *krā́ˀtei",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*-sti",
"pos1": "dʰé-conjugation"
},
"expansion": "*-sti (dʰé-conjugation)",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kreh₂-",
"4": "",
"5": "to take, to gather"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreh₂- (“to take, to gather”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "krât",
"3": "",
"4": "to gather, to heap"
},
"expansion": "Latvian krât (“to gather, to heap”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "krosnis",
"t": "oven"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian krosnis (“oven”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "krydh",
"t": "to steal, sneak"
},
"expansion": "Albanian krydh (“to steal, sneak”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*klasti"
},
"expansion": "*klasti",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*kràdnǫti"
},
"expansion": "*kràdnǫti",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "крам",
"g": "impf",
"t": "to lurk into (in order to steal)"
},
"expansion": "крам impf (kram, “to lurk into (in order to steal)”)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Per LIV, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *krā́ˀtei + *-sti (dʰé-conjugation), perhaps back-formed from the proto dʰi-imperative, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreh₂- (“to take, to gather”). Cognate with ye-present Latvian krât (“to gather, to heap”), Lithuanian krosnis (“oven”), Albanian krydh (“to steal, sneak”).\nDaughter languages disagree on the exact accentology - South Slavic tends to have circumflex present stem and mobilility as expected from Meillet's law (similar to analogous *klasti), while Old Russian evinces for fixed acute paradigm. This is sometimes attributed to the influence of the perfective *kràdnǫti.\nDialectal Bulgarian also exhibits reflexes of athematic conjugation крам impf (kram, “to lurk into (in order to steal)”), of unclear diachronic origin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kràsti",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kradnǫti",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "kradenьje",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "krasti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "krastъ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "kradlъ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"l-participle"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "kradenъ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kradomъ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kradъ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "krady",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "kradъ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kradoxъ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krade",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krade",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kradǫ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kradeši",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kradetь",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kradově",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kradoxově",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kradeta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kradosta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kradete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kradoste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kradevě",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kradeta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kradete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kradomъ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kradoxomъ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kradete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kradoste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kradǫ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kradošę",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "krademъ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kradete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kradǫtь",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kraděaxъ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kraděaše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kraděaše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kradi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kradi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kraděaxově",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "kraděašeta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperfect",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kraděašete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperfect",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kraděvě",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kraděta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kraděaxomъ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kraděašete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kraděaxǫ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kraděmъ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kraděte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"2": "krad-",
"ap": "a"
},
"name": "sla-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/krasti",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"english": "to conceal",
"word": "kryti"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to steal, to rob"
],
"links": [
[
"steal",
"steal"
],
[
"rob",
"rob"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Slavic reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"(+ *sę) to get into position to steal"
],
"links": [
[
"*sę",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sę"
],
[
"get",
"get"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive) (+ *sę) to get into position to steal"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kradati"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "krasti"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (4d5d0bb and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.