See krǫgъ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic: кругъ (krugŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "круг"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: круг (kruh)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: круг (kruh)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "круг"
},
"expansion": "Russian: круг (krug)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: круг (krug)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "crug",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: crug",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: crug"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "круг"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: круг (kruh)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: круг (kruh)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Cyrillic: крѫгъ (krǫgŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Glagolitic: ⰽⱃⱘⰳⱏ (krǫgŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "кръг",
"3": "крънк"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: кръг (krǎg), крънк (krǎnk)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: кръг (krǎg), крънк (krǎnk) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "круг"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: круг (krug)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: круг (krug)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "кру̑г",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: кру̑г",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: кру̑г"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "krȗg",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: krȗg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: krȗg"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "krọ̑g",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: krọ̑g",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "krọ̑g"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: krọ̑g (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: krọ̑g (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "kruh"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: kruh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: kruh"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "kruh"
},
"expansion": "Czech: kruh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: kruh"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "krąg"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: krąg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: krąg"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "krąg",
"3": "kręg"
},
"expansion": "Polish: krąg, kręg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: krąg, kręg"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "kruh"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: kruh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: kruh"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "kruh"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: kruh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: kruh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "crâng",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: crâng",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: crâng"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*krongʰ-o-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *krongʰ-o-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*krъnъ",
"3": "*-ga",
"alt2": "*-gъ",
"t1": "tiny, chopped"
},
"expansion": "*krъnъ (“tiny, chopped”) + *-gъ",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hringaz",
"3": "",
"4": "ring, circle; curve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hringaz (“ring, circle; curve”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xum",
"2": "krenkatrum"
},
"expansion": "Umbrian krenkatrum",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *krongʰ-o-, an extension of the root *(s)ker- (“to turn”) (Derksen) or *kreng- (ЭССЯ). Equivalent to *krъnъ (“tiny, chopped”) + *-gъ.\nIndo-European cognates include Proto-Germanic *hringaz (“ring, circle; curve”), Umbrian krenkatrum, cringatro.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "krǫ̑gъ",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫ̑gъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫ̑ga",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫ̑dzi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫ̑ga",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫgù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫ̃gъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫ̑gu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫgomà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫgòmъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫ̑gъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫ̑ga",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫ̑gy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫ̑gъmь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫ̑gomь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫgomà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫgý",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫ̑dzě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫgù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫdzě̃xъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫže",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫ̑ga",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫ̑dzi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krǫ̑gъ",
"ap": "c"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/krǫgъ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ga",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "krǫglъ*krǫglica*krǫglikъ*krǫglina*krǫgljakъ*krǫglostь*krǫglyšь"
},
{
"word": "krǫgovortъ"
},
{
"word": "krǫgovъ"
},
{
"word": "krǫženьje"
},
{
"word": "krǫževina"
},
{
"word": "krǫžina"
},
{
"word": "krǫžiti*krǫžati*krǫžadlo*krǫžajь*krǫželъ"
},
{
"word": "krǫželь"
},
{
"word": "krǫžьlь*krǫžidlo"
},
{
"word": "krǫžь"
},
{
"word": "krǫžьcь"
},
{
"word": "krǫžьkъ"
},
{
"word": "krǫžьnica"
},
{
"word": "krǫžьnъ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"circle"
],
"id": "en-krǫgъ-sla-pro-noun-ijkXjTJ-",
"links": [
[
"circle",
"circle"
]
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "sę",
"word": "kręčiti"
},
{
"english": "палка, жердь для скручивания, поворачивания",
"word": "kręčь"
},
{
"word": "kręgъ"
},
{
"word": "krękъ"
},
{
"word": "krǫčiti"
},
{
"word": "krǫčьnъ"
},
{
"word": "krǫk-*krǫčina"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "krǫgъ"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "krǫglъ*krǫglica*krǫglikъ*krǫglina*krǫgljakъ*krǫglostь*krǫglyšь"
},
{
"word": "krǫgovortъ"
},
{
"word": "krǫgovъ"
},
{
"word": "krǫženьje"
},
{
"word": "krǫževina"
},
{
"word": "krǫžina"
},
{
"word": "krǫžiti*krǫžati*krǫžadlo*krǫžajь*krǫželъ"
},
{
"word": "krǫželь"
},
{
"word": "krǫžьlь*krǫžidlo"
},
{
"word": "krǫžь"
},
{
"word": "krǫžьcь"
},
{
"word": "krǫžьkъ"
},
{
"word": "krǫžьnica"
},
{
"word": "krǫžьnъ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic: кругъ (krugŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "круг"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: круг (kruh)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: круг (kruh)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "круг"
},
"expansion": "Russian: круг (krug)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: круг (krug)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "crug",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: crug",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: crug"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "круг"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: круг (kruh)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: круг (kruh)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Cyrillic: крѫгъ (krǫgŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Glagolitic: ⰽⱃⱘⰳⱏ (krǫgŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "кръг",
"3": "крънк"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: кръг (krǎg), крънк (krǎnk)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: кръг (krǎg), крънк (krǎnk) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "круг"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: круг (krug)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: круг (krug)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "кру̑г",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: кру̑г",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: кру̑г"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "krȗg",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: krȗg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: krȗg"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "krọ̑g",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: krọ̑g",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "krọ̑g"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: krọ̑g (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: krọ̑g (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "kruh"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: kruh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: kruh"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "kruh"
},
"expansion": "Czech: kruh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: kruh"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "krąg"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: krąg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: krąg"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "krąg",
"3": "kręg"
},
"expansion": "Polish: krąg, kręg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: krąg, kręg"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "kruh"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: kruh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: kruh"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "kruh"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: kruh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: kruh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "crâng",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: crâng",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: crâng"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*krongʰ-o-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *krongʰ-o-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*krъnъ",
"3": "*-ga",
"alt2": "*-gъ",
"t1": "tiny, chopped"
},
"expansion": "*krъnъ (“tiny, chopped”) + *-gъ",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hringaz",
"3": "",
"4": "ring, circle; curve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hringaz (“ring, circle; curve”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xum",
"2": "krenkatrum"
},
"expansion": "Umbrian krenkatrum",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *krongʰ-o-, an extension of the root *(s)ker- (“to turn”) (Derksen) or *kreng- (ЭССЯ). Equivalent to *krъnъ (“tiny, chopped”) + *-gъ.\nIndo-European cognates include Proto-Germanic *hringaz (“ring, circle; curve”), Umbrian krenkatrum, cringatro.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "krǫ̑gъ",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫ̑gъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫ̑ga",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫ̑dzi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫ̑ga",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫgù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫ̃gъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫ̑gu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫgomà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫgòmъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫ̑gъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫ̑ga",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫ̑gy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫ̑gъmь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫ̑gomь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫgomà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫgý",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫ̑dzě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫgù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫdzě̃xъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫže",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫ̑ga",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫ̑dzi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krǫ̑gъ",
"ap": "c"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/krǫgъ",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "sę",
"word": "kręčiti"
},
{
"english": "палка, жердь для скручивания, поворачивания",
"word": "kręčь"
},
{
"word": "kręgъ"
},
{
"word": "krękъ"
},
{
"word": "krǫčiti"
},
{
"word": "krǫčьnъ"
},
{
"word": "krǫk-*krǫčina"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ga"
],
"glosses": [
"circle"
],
"links": [
[
"circle",
"circle"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "krǫgъ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for krǫgъ meaning in Proto-Slavic (7.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.