See korva in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "корова"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: корова (korova)\nBelarusian: каро́ва (karóva)\nRussian: коро́ва (koróva)\nCarpathian Rusyn: коро́ва (koróva)\nUkrainian: коро́ва (koróva)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: корова (korova)\nBelarusian: каро́ва (karóva)\nRussian: коро́ва (koróva)\nCarpathian Rusyn: коро́ва (koróva)\nUkrainian: коро́ва (koróva)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "кра́ва"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: кра́ва (kráva)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: кра́ва (kráva)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "кра́ва"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: кра́ва (kráva)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: кра́ва (kráva)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Cyrillic: крȁва"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Latin: krȁva"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "kráva",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: kráva",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kráva"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: kráva (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: kráva (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "kráva"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: kráva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: kráva"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "kráva"
},
"expansion": "Czech: kráva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: kráva"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pox",
"2": "korvo"
},
"expansion": "Polabian: korvo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polabian: korvo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "krowa"
},
"expansion": "Polish: krowa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: krowa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "krava"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: krava",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: krava"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Pomeranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "karwa"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: karwa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: karwa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "krôwa"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: krôwa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: krôwa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "kruwa"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: kruwa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: kruwa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "krowa"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: krowa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: krowa"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱerh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*kárˀwāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *kárˀwāˀ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ḱorh₂-weh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱorh₂-weh₂",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*karwos",
"3": "*karwo-",
"t": "deer"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *karwo- (“deer”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ḱerh₂-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kárˀwāˀ, irregular centum reflex of Proto-Indo-European *ḱorh₂-weh₂, from *ḱerh₂- (“head, top; horn”).\nMatasović (2008) argues that it was borrowed from Celtic in prehistorical times due to the impossibility of deriving it by regular sound laws:\n* PIE *ḱerh₂weh₂ > Proto-Celtic *kerawā > *karawā (Joseph's rule) > Early Proto-Slavic *karwā > Common Slavic *kőrva.\nAlternatively, Matasović's Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (2009) lists the Old Church Slavonic form krava “cow” as being related to the Proto-Celtic *karwo- (“deer”), ultimately coming from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (the first element of *ḱerh₂weh₂).\nBaltic cognates (either similarly irregularly inherited via Balto-Slavic, or borrowed from Celtic or Slavic) include Lithuanian kárvė (“cow”) and Old Prussian curwis (“ox”). For further Indo-European cognates see *ḱerh₂-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kòrva",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrva",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvama",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvamъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvojǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvama",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvamī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvasъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvaxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kòrva",
"ap": "a"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/korva",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "korvařь"
},
{
"word": "korvica"
},
{
"word": "korvina"
},
{
"word": "korvъka"
},
{
"word": "korvьjь"
},
{
"word": "korvьna"
},
{
"word": "korvьnъ"
},
{
"word": "korvьskъ"
},
{
"word": "korvajь"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cow"
],
"id": "en-korva-sla-pro-noun-vrE0dUkQ",
"links": [
[
"cow",
"cow"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "korva"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "korvařь"
},
{
"word": "korvica"
},
{
"word": "korvina"
},
{
"word": "korvъka"
},
{
"word": "korvьjь"
},
{
"word": "korvьna"
},
{
"word": "korvьnъ"
},
{
"word": "korvьskъ"
},
{
"word": "korvajь"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "корова"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: корова (korova)\nBelarusian: каро́ва (karóva)\nRussian: коро́ва (koróva)\nCarpathian Rusyn: коро́ва (koróva)\nUkrainian: коро́ва (koróva)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: корова (korova)\nBelarusian: каро́ва (karóva)\nRussian: коро́ва (koróva)\nCarpathian Rusyn: коро́ва (koróva)\nUkrainian: коро́ва (koróva)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "кра́ва"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: кра́ва (kráva)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: кра́ва (kráva)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "кра́ва"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: кра́ва (kráva)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: кра́ва (kráva)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Cyrillic: крȁва"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Latin: krȁva"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "kráva",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: kráva",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kráva"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: kráva (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: kráva (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "kráva"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: kráva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: kráva"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "kráva"
},
"expansion": "Czech: kráva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: kráva"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pox",
"2": "korvo"
},
"expansion": "Polabian: korvo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polabian: korvo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "krowa"
},
"expansion": "Polish: krowa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: krowa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "krava"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: krava",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: krava"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Pomeranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "karwa"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: karwa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: karwa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "krôwa"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: krôwa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: krôwa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "kruwa"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: kruwa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: kruwa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "krowa"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: krowa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: krowa"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱerh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*kárˀwāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *kárˀwāˀ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ḱorh₂-weh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱorh₂-weh₂",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*karwos",
"3": "*karwo-",
"t": "deer"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *karwo- (“deer”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ḱerh₂-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kárˀwāˀ, irregular centum reflex of Proto-Indo-European *ḱorh₂-weh₂, from *ḱerh₂- (“head, top; horn”).\nMatasović (2008) argues that it was borrowed from Celtic in prehistorical times due to the impossibility of deriving it by regular sound laws:\n* PIE *ḱerh₂weh₂ > Proto-Celtic *kerawā > *karawā (Joseph's rule) > Early Proto-Slavic *karwā > Common Slavic *kőrva.\nAlternatively, Matasović's Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (2009) lists the Old Church Slavonic form krava “cow” as being related to the Proto-Celtic *karwo- (“deer”), ultimately coming from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (the first element of *ḱerh₂weh₂).\nBaltic cognates (either similarly irregularly inherited via Balto-Slavic, or borrowed from Celtic or Slavic) include Lithuanian kárvė (“cow”) and Old Prussian curwis (“ox”). For further Indo-European cognates see *ḱerh₂-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kòrva",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrva",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvama",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvamъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvojǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvama",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvamī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvasъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvaxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kòrvy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kòrva",
"ap": "a"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/korva",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱerh₂-",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"sla-pro:Cattle"
],
"glosses": [
"cow"
],
"links": [
[
"cow",
"cow"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "korva"
}
Download raw JSONL data for korva meaning in Proto-Slavic (7.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-09-20 using wiktextract (af5c55c and 66545a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.