See karasь in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for karasь meaning in Proto-Slavic (8.8kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "карась",
"3": "корась",
"4": "карасъ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: карась (karasĭ), корась (korasĭ), карасъ (karasŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: карась (karasĭ), корась (korasĭ), карасъ (karasŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "кара́сь"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: кара́сь (karásʹ), кара́съ (karás)\nBelarusian: кара́сь (karásʹ) (dialectal)\nCarpathian Rusyn: кара́с (karás)\nUkrainian: кара́сь (karásʹ); ка́рас (káras) (dialectal, obsolete)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: кара́сь (karásʹ), кара́съ (karás)\nBelarusian: кара́сь (karásʹ) (dialectal)\nCarpathian Rusyn: кара́с (karás)\nUkrainian: кара́сь (karásʹ); ка́рас (káras) (dialectal, obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "кара́сь"
},
"expansion": "Russian: кара́сь (karásʹ)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Russian: кара́сь (karásʹ); кара́с (karás) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "кара́ш",
"3": "кара́с"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: кара́ш (karáš), кара́с (karás)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: кара́ш (karáš), кара́с (karás) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "караш"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: караш (karaš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: караш (karaš)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ка̀ра̄с",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: ка̀ра̄с",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "surname"
},
"expansion": "(surname)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "toponym"
},
"expansion": "(toponym)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: ка̀ра̄с, ка̀ра̄ш; Ка̏ра̄с (surname); Ка̀раси pl (toponym)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "kàrās",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: kàrās",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "surname"
},
"expansion": "(surname)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "toponym"
},
"expansion": "(toponym)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: kàrās, kàrāš; Kȁrās (surname); Kàrasi pl (toponym)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "karās"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: karās",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: karās"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "karas"
},
"expansion": "Czech: karas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: karas"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "karus"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: karus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: karus"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "karaś"
},
"expansion": "Polish: karaś",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: karaś"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "karasek",
"3": "",
"alt2": "karωsek",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Polish: karasek, karωsek",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Polish: karasek, karωsek (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "karas"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: karas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: karas"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "karas"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: karas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: karas"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "karas",
"3": "kharas"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: karas, kharas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: karas, kharas"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Non-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "caraș",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: caraș",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: caraș"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "kárász",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hungarian: kárász",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hungarian: kárász"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "karõsas"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian karõsas",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "karaz"
},
"expansion": "Old High German karaz",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Karausche"
},
"expansion": "German Karausche",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "karúšis"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian karúšis",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "karuss"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk karuss",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κορᾰκῖνος",
"3": "",
"4": "fresh-water fish found in the Nile"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κορᾰκῖνος (korakînos, “fresh-water fish found in the Nile”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Akin to Lithuanian karõsas, Old High German karaz (whence Modern German Karausche, dialectal Lithuanian karúšis and Norwegian Nynorsk karuss), of unclear further origin. Kluge & Mitzka presume Balto-Slavic origin for the German descendant; reversely, Preobražensky considers the Balto-Slavic lemmas as Germanic borrowings; while Sławski and Holub & Kopečný suppose a shared substrate origin.\nCompared in the past with Ancient Greek κορᾰκῖνος (korakînos, “fresh-water fish found in the Nile”), κορακώδης (korakṓdēs, “crucian”) (literally: raven-like).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "karasь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "karasьje",
"roman": "karaše",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karasьju",
"roman": "karašu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "karasьjь",
"roman": "karasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karasьma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "karasьmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karasь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "karasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karasьmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karasьma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "karasьmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karasьju",
"roman": "karašu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "karasьxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "karasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "karasьje",
"roman": "karaše",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "karasь",
"g": "m",
"stem": "i"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/karasь",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"crucian carp (Carassius carassius); any fish of the genus Carassius"
],
"id": "en-karasь-sla-pro-noun-fpmVAyff",
"links": [
[
"crucian carp",
"crucian carp"
],
[
"Carassius carassius",
"Carassius carassius#English"
],
[
"Carassius",
"Carassius"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "vicious, accusative, detrimental",
"sense": "*koraťь (possibly)",
"word": "koraťьnъ"
},
{
"english": "carp",
"word": "korpъ"
},
{
"word": "plotь"
},
{
"word": "plotica"
},
{
"english": "roach",
"word": "ploty"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "karasь"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "карась",
"3": "корась",
"4": "карасъ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: карась (karasĭ), корась (korasĭ), карасъ (karasŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: карась (karasĭ), корась (korasĭ), карасъ (karasŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "кара́сь"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: кара́сь (karásʹ), кара́съ (karás)\nBelarusian: кара́сь (karásʹ) (dialectal)\nCarpathian Rusyn: кара́с (karás)\nUkrainian: кара́сь (karásʹ); ка́рас (káras) (dialectal, obsolete)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: кара́сь (karásʹ), кара́съ (karás)\nBelarusian: кара́сь (karásʹ) (dialectal)\nCarpathian Rusyn: кара́с (karás)\nUkrainian: кара́сь (karásʹ); ка́рас (káras) (dialectal, obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "кара́сь"
},
"expansion": "Russian: кара́сь (karásʹ)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Russian: кара́сь (karásʹ); кара́с (karás) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "кара́ш",
"3": "кара́с"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: кара́ш (karáš), кара́с (karás)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: кара́ш (karáš), кара́с (karás) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "караш"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: караш (karaš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: караш (karaš)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ка̀ра̄с",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: ка̀ра̄с",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "surname"
},
"expansion": "(surname)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "toponym"
},
"expansion": "(toponym)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: ка̀ра̄с, ка̀ра̄ш; Ка̏ра̄с (surname); Ка̀раси pl (toponym)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "kàrās",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: kàrās",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "surname"
},
"expansion": "(surname)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "toponym"
},
"expansion": "(toponym)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: kàrās, kàrāš; Kȁrās (surname); Kàrasi pl (toponym)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "karās"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: karās",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: karās"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "karas"
},
"expansion": "Czech: karas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: karas"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "karus"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: karus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: karus"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "karaś"
},
"expansion": "Polish: karaś",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: karaś"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "karasek",
"3": "",
"alt2": "karωsek",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Polish: karasek, karωsek",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Polish: karasek, karωsek (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "karas"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: karas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: karas"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "karas"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: karas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: karas"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "karas",
"3": "kharas"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: karas, kharas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: karas, kharas"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Non-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "caraș",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: caraș",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: caraș"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "kárász",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hungarian: kárász",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hungarian: kárász"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "karõsas"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian karõsas",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "karaz"
},
"expansion": "Old High German karaz",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Karausche"
},
"expansion": "German Karausche",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "karúšis"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian karúšis",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "karuss"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk karuss",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κορᾰκῖνος",
"3": "",
"4": "fresh-water fish found in the Nile"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κορᾰκῖνος (korakînos, “fresh-water fish found in the Nile”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Akin to Lithuanian karõsas, Old High German karaz (whence Modern German Karausche, dialectal Lithuanian karúšis and Norwegian Nynorsk karuss), of unclear further origin. Kluge & Mitzka presume Balto-Slavic origin for the German descendant; reversely, Preobražensky considers the Balto-Slavic lemmas as Germanic borrowings; while Sławski and Holub & Kopečný suppose a shared substrate origin.\nCompared in the past with Ancient Greek κορᾰκῖνος (korakînos, “fresh-water fish found in the Nile”), κορακώδης (korakṓdēs, “crucian”) (literally: raven-like).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "karasь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "karasьje",
"roman": "karaše",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karasьju",
"roman": "karašu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "karasьjь",
"roman": "karasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karasьma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "karasьmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karasь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "karasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karasьmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karasьma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "karasьmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karasьju",
"roman": "karašu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "karasьxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "karasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "karasьje",
"roman": "karaše",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "karasь",
"g": "m",
"stem": "i"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/karasь",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "vicious, accusative, detrimental",
"sense": "*koraťь (possibly)",
"word": "koraťьnъ"
},
{
"english": "carp",
"word": "korpъ"
},
{
"word": "plotь"
},
{
"word": "plotica"
},
{
"english": "roach",
"word": "ploty"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic i-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic masculine i-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from substrate languages",
"Proto-Slavic terms with redundant head parameter",
"sla-pro:Cyprinids"
],
"glosses": [
"crucian carp (Carassius carassius); any fish of the genus Carassius"
],
"links": [
[
"crucian carp",
"crucian carp"
],
[
"Carassius carassius",
"Carassius carassius#English"
],
[
"Carassius",
"Carassius"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "karasь"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (1b9bfc5 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.