See kalina in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for kalina meaning in Proto-Slavic (6.5kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "калина"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: калина (kalina)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: калина (kalina)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "кали́на"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: кали́на (kalína)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: кали́на (kalína)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "калі́на"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: калі́на (kalína)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: калі́на (kalína)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rue",
"2": "кали́на"
},
"expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: кали́на (kalýna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Carpathian Rusyn: кали́на (kalýna)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "кали́на"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: кали́на (kalýna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: кали́на (kalýna)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "кали́на"
},
"expansion": "Russian: кали́на (kalína)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: кали́на (kalína)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "кали́на",
"3": "къли́на",
"qq2": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: кали́на (kalína), къли́на (kǎlína) (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: кали́на (kalína), къли́на (kǎlína) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "калина"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: калина (kalina)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: калина (kalina)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ка̀лина",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: ка̀лина",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: ка̀лина"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "kàlina",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: kàlina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: kàlina"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "kalína"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: kalína",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: kalína"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "kalina"
},
"expansion": "Czech: kalina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: kalina"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "kalëna"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: kalëna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: kalëna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "kalina"
},
"expansion": "Polish: kalina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: kalina"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "kalina"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: kalina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: kalina"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "kalëna"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: kalëna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: kalëna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "kalina"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: kalina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: kalina"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "kalena"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: kalena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: kalena"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*kalъ",
"3": "*-ina",
"t1": "mud, dirt"
},
"expansion": "*kalъ (“mud, dirt”) + *-ina",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Likely *kalъ (“mud, dirt”) + *-ina, by the plant’s preference for wet, muddy places to grow.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kalina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalině",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaliny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaliny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalinu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kalinъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalině",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalinama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kalinamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalinǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalině",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kaliny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalinojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalinǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalinama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kalinami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalině",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalinu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "kalinasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalinaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalino",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kalině",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaliny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kalina",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ina",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"snowball tree (Viburnum spp., especially Viburnum opulus)"
],
"id": "en-kalina-sla-pro-noun-Ufhx1yO4",
"links": [
[
"snowball tree",
"snowball tree"
],
[
"Viburnum",
"Viburnum"
],
[
"Viburnum opulus",
"Viburnum opulus"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kalina"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "калина"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: калина (kalina)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: калина (kalina)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "кали́на"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: кали́на (kalína)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: кали́на (kalína)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "калі́на"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: калі́на (kalína)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: калі́на (kalína)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rue",
"2": "кали́на"
},
"expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: кали́на (kalýna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Carpathian Rusyn: кали́на (kalýna)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "кали́на"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: кали́на (kalýna)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: кали́на (kalýna)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "кали́на"
},
"expansion": "Russian: кали́на (kalína)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: кали́на (kalína)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "кали́на",
"3": "къли́на",
"qq2": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: кали́на (kalína), къли́на (kǎlína) (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: кали́на (kalína), къли́на (kǎlína) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "калина"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: калина (kalina)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: калина (kalina)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ка̀лина",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: ка̀лина",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: ка̀лина"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "kàlina",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: kàlina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: kàlina"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "kalína"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: kalína",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: kalína"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "kalina"
},
"expansion": "Czech: kalina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: kalina"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "kalëna"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: kalëna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: kalëna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "kalina"
},
"expansion": "Polish: kalina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: kalina"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "kalina"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: kalina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: kalina"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "kalëna"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: kalëna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: kalëna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "kalina"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: kalina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: kalina"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "kalena"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: kalena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: kalena"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*kalъ",
"3": "*-ina",
"t1": "mud, dirt"
},
"expansion": "*kalъ (“mud, dirt”) + *-ina",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Likely *kalъ (“mud, dirt”) + *-ina, by the plant’s preference for wet, muddy places to grow.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kalina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalině",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaliny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaliny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalinu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kalinъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalině",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalinama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kalinamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalinǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalině",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kaliny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalinojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalinǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalinama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kalinami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalině",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kalinu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "kalinasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalinaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kalino",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kalině",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaliny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kalina",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ina",
"sla-pro:Moschatel family plants"
],
"glosses": [
"snowball tree (Viburnum spp., especially Viburnum opulus)"
],
"links": [
[
"snowball tree",
"snowball tree"
],
[
"Viburnum",
"Viburnum"
],
[
"Viburnum opulus",
"Viburnum opulus"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kalina"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.