See grabiti in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grabežь"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "грабити"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: грабити (grabiti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: грабити (grabiti)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "гра́біць"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: гра́біць (hrábicʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: гра́біць (hrábicʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "гра́бить"
},
"expansion": "Russian: гра́бить (grábitʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: гра́бить (grábitʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "грабува́ти"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: грабува́ти (hrabuváty)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: грабува́ти (hrabuváty)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Cyrillic: грабити (grabiti)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Glagolitic: [Term?]"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "гра́бя"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: гра́бя (grábja)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: гра́бя (grábja)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "граби"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: граби (grabi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: граби (grabi)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "гра̏бити",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: гра̏бити",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: гра̏бити"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "grȁbiti",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: grȁbiti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: grȁbiti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "grábiti",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: grábiti",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grábiti"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: grábiti (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: grábiti (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "hrabit"
},
"expansion": "Czech: hrabit",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "i"
}
],
"text": "Czech: hrabit (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "grabić"
},
"expansion": "Polish: grabić",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: grabić"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "grabjic"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: grabjic",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: grabjic"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Non-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "grabit",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: grabit",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: grabit"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*grā́ˀbīˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *grā́ˀbīˀtei",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*gʰrob-éye-ti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰrob-éye-ti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰreb-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰreb-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*gretì",
"3": "",
"4": "to dig, to rake, to scrape"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *gretì (“to dig, to rake, to scrape”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gróbti",
"3": "",
"4": "to seize"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian gróbti (“to seize”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "grābt",
"3": "",
"4": "to seize"
},
"expansion": "Latvian grābt (“to seize”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "grápa",
"3": "",
"4": "to seize"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse grápa (“to seize”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "गृह्णाति",
"tr": "gṛhṇā́ti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit गृह्णाति (gṛhṇā́ti)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "گرفتن",
"tr": "gereftan"
},
"expansion": "Persian گرفتن (gereftan)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grab"
},
"expansion": "English grab",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌲𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌽",
"t": "to dig"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌲𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌽 (graban, “to dig”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*gʰrob-éye-ti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰrob-éye-ti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*gretì"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *gretì",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*gʰrobh₂-éye-ti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰrobh₂-éye-ti",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *grā́ˀbīˀtei.\n* Per Derksen, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrob-éye-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreb-; meanings \"to rake\" in daughter languages from confusion with the root *gʰrebʰ- (see Proto-Slavic *gretì (“to dig, to rake, to scrape”)). Baltic cognates include Lithuanian gróbti (“to seize”), Latvian grābt (“to seize”). Indo-European cognates include Old Norse grápa (“to seize”). The same confusion appears to have happened elsewhere; compare Sanskrit गृह्णाति (gṛhṇā́ti), गृभ्णाति (gṛbhṇā́ti, “to seize, to hold, to take”). Avestan: grab- ‘to grab, seize, take’, Old Persian: grab- ‘to seize (as possesion), Persian گرفتن (gereftan), پذیرفتن (paziroftan). English grab vs. Gothic 𐌲𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌽 (graban, “to dig”), all of which come from *gʰrebʰ-. Derksen does not derive this verb from *gʰrebʰ- due to Winter's law, which is required to produce the acute *-a- of the Slavic root but would not operate in *gʰrebʰ-.\n* Per Vasmer, Chernykh and Trubachev, this verb in fact derives from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrob-éye-ti, from *gʰreb-; see also Proto-Slavic *gretì. Chernykh describes it as the causative of *gretì.\n* Per Rix (LIV), probably from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrobh₂-éye-ti, from *gʰrebh₂-, which allows for Winter's law and also accounts for the Sanskrit -(b)h- (but still doesn't account for the Germanic forms, which are supposed to derive from a different root *gʰrebʰ-).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gràbiti",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "grabľenьje",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "grabiti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grabitъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "grabilъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"l-participle"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "grabľenъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "grabimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grabľь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "grabę",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "grabixъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabľǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabiši",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabitь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabixově",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabiste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabivě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grabita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabixomъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grabiste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabišę",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grabite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabętь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabľaaxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabľaaše",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabľaaše",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabľaaxově",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "grabľaašeta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperfect",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabľaašete",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperfect",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabivě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "grabita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabľaaxomъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grabľaašete",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabľaaxǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grabite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"2": "-1",
"ap": "a"
},
"name": "sla-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/grabiti",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to grab"
],
"id": "en-grabiti-sla-pro-verb-8BRm0szY",
"links": [
[
"grab",
"grab"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "39 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 82",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -i-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic verbs with accent paradigm a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to seize"
],
"id": "en-grabiti-sla-pro-verb-XcpLy8rD",
"links": [
[
"seize",
"seize"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen",
"Winter's law"
],
"word": "grabiti"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic imperfective verbs",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic verbs",
"Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -i-",
"Proto-Slavic verbs with accent paradigm a",
"sla-conj with extra parameters/ap",
"sla-conj with extra parameters/n"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "grabežь"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "грабити"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: грабити (grabiti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: грабити (grabiti)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "гра́біць"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: гра́біць (hrábicʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: гра́біць (hrábicʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "гра́бить"
},
"expansion": "Russian: гра́бить (grábitʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: гра́бить (grábitʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "грабува́ти"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: грабува́ти (hrabuváty)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: грабува́ти (hrabuváty)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Cyrillic: грабити (grabiti)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Glagolitic: [Term?]"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "гра́бя"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: гра́бя (grábja)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: гра́бя (grábja)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "граби"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: граби (grabi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: граби (grabi)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "гра̏бити",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: гра̏бити",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: гра̏бити"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "grȁbiti",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: grȁbiti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: grȁbiti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "grábiti",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: grábiti",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grábiti"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: grábiti (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: grábiti (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "hrabit"
},
"expansion": "Czech: hrabit",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "i"
}
],
"text": "Czech: hrabit (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "grabić"
},
"expansion": "Polish: grabić",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: grabić"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "grabjic"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: grabjic",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: grabjic"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Non-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "grabit",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: grabit",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: grabit"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*grā́ˀbīˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *grā́ˀbīˀtei",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*gʰrob-éye-ti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰrob-éye-ti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰreb-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰreb-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*gretì",
"3": "",
"4": "to dig, to rake, to scrape"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *gretì (“to dig, to rake, to scrape”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gróbti",
"3": "",
"4": "to seize"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian gróbti (“to seize”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "grābt",
"3": "",
"4": "to seize"
},
"expansion": "Latvian grābt (“to seize”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "grápa",
"3": "",
"4": "to seize"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse grápa (“to seize”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "गृह्णाति",
"tr": "gṛhṇā́ti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit गृह्णाति (gṛhṇā́ti)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "گرفتن",
"tr": "gereftan"
},
"expansion": "Persian گرفتن (gereftan)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grab"
},
"expansion": "English grab",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌲𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌽",
"t": "to dig"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌲𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌽 (graban, “to dig”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*gʰrob-éye-ti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰrob-éye-ti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*gretì"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *gretì",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*gʰrobh₂-éye-ti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰrobh₂-éye-ti",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *grā́ˀbīˀtei.\n* Per Derksen, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrob-éye-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreb-; meanings \"to rake\" in daughter languages from confusion with the root *gʰrebʰ- (see Proto-Slavic *gretì (“to dig, to rake, to scrape”)). Baltic cognates include Lithuanian gróbti (“to seize”), Latvian grābt (“to seize”). Indo-European cognates include Old Norse grápa (“to seize”). The same confusion appears to have happened elsewhere; compare Sanskrit गृह्णाति (gṛhṇā́ti), गृभ्णाति (gṛbhṇā́ti, “to seize, to hold, to take”). Avestan: grab- ‘to grab, seize, take’, Old Persian: grab- ‘to seize (as possesion), Persian گرفتن (gereftan), پذیرفتن (paziroftan). English grab vs. Gothic 𐌲𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌽 (graban, “to dig”), all of which come from *gʰrebʰ-. Derksen does not derive this verb from *gʰrebʰ- due to Winter's law, which is required to produce the acute *-a- of the Slavic root but would not operate in *gʰrebʰ-.\n* Per Vasmer, Chernykh and Trubachev, this verb in fact derives from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrob-éye-ti, from *gʰreb-; see also Proto-Slavic *gretì. Chernykh describes it as the causative of *gretì.\n* Per Rix (LIV), probably from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrobh₂-éye-ti, from *gʰrebh₂-, which allows for Winter's law and also accounts for the Sanskrit -(b)h- (but still doesn't account for the Germanic forms, which are supposed to derive from a different root *gʰrebʰ-).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gràbiti",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "grabľenьje",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "grabiti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grabitъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "grabilъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"l-participle"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "grabľenъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "grabimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grabľь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "grabę",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "grabixъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabľǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabiši",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabitь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabixově",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"first-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabiste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"dual",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabivě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grabita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabixomъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grabiste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabišę",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grabite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabętь",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabľaaxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabľaaše",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabľaaše",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grabi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabľaaxově",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "grabľaašeta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperfect",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabľaašete",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperfect",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabivě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "grabita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"imperative",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabľaaxomъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grabľaašete",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabľaaxǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grabimъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grabite",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"2": "-1",
"ap": "a"
},
"name": "sla-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/grabiti",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to grab"
],
"links": [
[
"grab",
"grab"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to seize"
],
"links": [
[
"seize",
"seize"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen",
"Winter's law"
],
"word": "grabiti"
}
Download raw JSONL data for grabiti meaning in Proto-Slavic (12.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.