See golva in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "kill, killed",
"translation": "kill, killed",
"word": "agolvo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "golvatъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "big-head",
"translation": "big-head",
"word": "golvačь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "head",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"translation": "head",
"word": "golvica"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"augmentative"
],
"word": "golvina"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "head",
"tags": [
"augmentative"
],
"translation": "head",
"word": "golvišče"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "main, capital",
"translation": "main, capital",
"word": "golvitъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "householder, leader, (dialectal) killer",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"translation": "householder, leader, (dialectal) killer",
"word": "golvьnъ*golvьnikъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "headed",
"translation": "headed",
"word": "golvъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "head of an instrument",
"translation": "head of an instrument",
"word": "golvъka"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "halavá",
"word": "галава́"
},
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "hólova",
"word": "го́лова"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "holová",
"word": "голова́"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "holova",
"word": "голова"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "golová",
"word": "голова́"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "golova",
"sense": "head, killed person",
"word": "голова"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "glavá",
"word": "глава́"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "gláva",
"word": "гла́ва"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "hlavá",
"word": "глава́"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "hlavá",
"word": "глава́"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "hlava",
"word": "глава"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "glavá",
"word": "глава́"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "glava",
"word": "глава"
}
],
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "glava",
"word": "глава"
},
{
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "гла́ва"
},
{
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "gláva"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "hlava"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "hlava"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "hlava"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"raw_tags": [
"alternative writing"
],
"word": "hłava"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "głowa"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"word": "gowa"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"word": "głowa"
},
{
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "glova",
"word": "кглова"
},
{
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "hlova",
"word": "глова"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"word": "głowa"
},
{
"lang": "Polabian",
"lang_code": "pox",
"word": "glåvă"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Pannonian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rsk",
"roman": "hlava",
"word": "глава"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "hlava"
}
],
"lang": "Old Slovak",
"lang_code": "zlw-osk"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"word": "głowa"
},
{
"lang": "Slovincian",
"lang_code": "zlw-slv",
"word": "glôwa"
}
],
"lang": "Pomeranian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "hłowa"
},
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "głowa"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gelH-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*galˀwā́ˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *galˀwā́ˀ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gelH-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gelH-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *galˀwā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *gelH-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "golvà",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "golvà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gȏlvě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "gȏlvy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "golvý",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "golvù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gõlvъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "golvě̀",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "golvàma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "golvàmъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gȏlvǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gȏlvě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gȏlvy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "golvojǫ́",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "golvàma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "golvàmi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gȏlvě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "golvù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "golvàsъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "golvàxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "golvo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gȏlvě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gȏlvy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "golvà",
"ap": "c"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/golva",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"id": "en-golva-sla-pro-noun-ny5tM6Nx",
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"murder, killed person"
],
"id": "en-golva-sla-pro-noun-O5eiXVBU",
"links": [
[
"murder",
"murder"
],
[
"killed",
"killed"
],
[
"person",
"person"
]
],
"qualifier": "North Slavic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal, North Slavic) murder, killed person"
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "golva"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gelH-",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "kill, killed",
"translation": "kill, killed",
"word": "agolvo"
},
{
"word": "golvatъ"
},
{
"english": "big-head",
"translation": "big-head",
"word": "golvačь"
},
{
"english": "head",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"translation": "head",
"word": "golvica"
},
{
"tags": [
"augmentative"
],
"word": "golvina"
},
{
"english": "head",
"tags": [
"augmentative"
],
"translation": "head",
"word": "golvišče"
},
{
"english": "main, capital",
"translation": "main, capital",
"word": "golvitъ"
},
{
"english": "householder, leader, (dialectal) killer",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"translation": "householder, leader, (dialectal) killer",
"word": "golvьnъ*golvьnikъ"
},
{
"english": "headed",
"translation": "headed",
"word": "golvъ"
},
{
"english": "head of an instrument",
"translation": "head of an instrument",
"word": "golvъka"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "halavá",
"word": "галава́"
},
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "hólova",
"word": "го́лова"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "holová",
"word": "голова́"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "holova",
"word": "голова"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "golová",
"word": "голова́"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "golova",
"sense": "head, killed person",
"word": "голова"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "glavá",
"word": "глава́"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "gláva",
"word": "гла́ва"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "hlavá",
"word": "глава́"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "hlavá",
"word": "глава́"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"roman": "hlava",
"word": "глава"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "glavá",
"word": "глава́"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "glava",
"word": "глава"
}
],
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "glava",
"word": "глава"
},
{
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "гла́ва"
},
{
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "gláva"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "hlava"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"word": "hlava"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "hlava"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"raw_tags": [
"alternative writing"
],
"word": "hłava"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "głowa"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"word": "gowa"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"word": "głowa"
},
{
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "glova",
"word": "кглова"
},
{
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "hlova",
"word": "глова"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"word": "głowa"
},
{
"lang": "Polabian",
"lang_code": "pox",
"word": "glåvă"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Pannonian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rsk",
"roman": "hlava",
"word": "глава"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "hlava"
}
],
"lang": "Old Slovak",
"lang_code": "zlw-osk"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"word": "głowa"
},
{
"lang": "Slovincian",
"lang_code": "zlw-slv",
"word": "glôwa"
}
],
"lang": "Pomeranian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "hłowa"
},
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "głowa"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gelH-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*galˀwā́ˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *galˀwā́ˀ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gelH-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gelH-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *galˀwā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *gelH-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "golvà",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "golvà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gȏlvě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "gȏlvy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "golvý",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "golvù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gõlvъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "golvě̀",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "golvàma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "golvàmъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gȏlvǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gȏlvě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gȏlvy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "golvojǫ́",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "golvàma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "golvàmi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gȏlvě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "golvù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "golvàsъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "golvàxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "golvo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gȏlvě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gȏlvy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "golvà",
"ap": "c"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/golva",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"sla-pro:Body parts"
],
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Slavic dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"murder, killed person"
],
"links": [
[
"murder",
"murder"
],
[
"killed",
"killed"
],
[
"person",
"person"
]
],
"qualifier": "North Slavic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal, North Slavic) murder, killed person"
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "golva"
}
Download raw JSONL data for golva meaning in Proto-Slavic (7.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-09-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (20da82b and a97feda). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.