"boršьňa" meaning in Proto-Slavic

See boršьňa in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Etymology: From *boršьno (“flour”) + *-ja. Etymology templates: {{af|sla-pro|*boršьno|*-ja|t1=flour}} *boršьno (“flour”) + *-ja, {{dercat|sla-pro|ine-bsl-pro|ine-pro}}, {{root|sla-pro|ine-pro|*bʰers-}} Inflection templates: {{sla-decl-noun|boršьňa|ap=a|g=f}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], a [accent-paradigm], boršьňa [nominative, singular], boršьňi [dual, nominative], boršьňę̇ [nominative, plural], boršьňę̇ [genitive, singular], boršьňu [dual, genitive], boršьňь [genitive, plural], boršьňī [dative, singular], boršьňama [dative, dual], boršьňāmъ [dative, plural], boršьňǫ [accusative, singular], boršьňi [accusative, dual], boršьňę̇ [accusative, plural], boršьňējǫ [instrumental, singular], boršьňǭ [instrumental, singular], boršьňama [dual, instrumental], boršьňāmī [instrumental, plural], boršьňī [locative, singular], boršьňu [dual, locative], boršьňāsъ [locative, plural], boršьňe [singular, vocative], boršьňi [dual, vocative], boršьňę̇ [plural, vocative]
  1. (originally) food for the journey (from flour, such as bread) Tags: feminine, reconstruction Related terms (*boršьno (“flour; food, meal”)): boršьnikъ, boršьnьnъ
    Sense id: en-boršьňa-sla-pro-noun-nz1KJRFZ Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a, Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ja Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 82 18 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header: 90 10 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a: 94 6 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ja: 94 6 Disambiguation of '*boršьno (“flour; food, meal”)': 91 9
  2. satchel, bag (originally for food) Tags: feminine, reconstruction
    Sense id: en-boršьňa-sla-pro-noun-NEadBtlH
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: bъrščь (english: hogweed) Related terms (*bъrъ (“foxtail millet”)): bъrěnъ, bъrica, bъrikъ, bъrika
Disambiguation of '*bъrъ (“foxtail millet”)': 100 0
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "*борошнꙗ",
            "3": "*борошна"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: *борошнꙗ (*borošnja), *борошна (*borošna)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: *борошнꙗ (*borošnja), *борошна (*borošna)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "бо́ро́шня́",
            "3": "бо́ро́шна",
            "q": "dialectal",
            "t2": "basket"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: (dialectal) бо́ро́шня́ (bóróšnjá), бо́ро́шна (bóróšna, “basket”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: (dialectal) бо́ро́шня́ (bóróšnjá), бо́ро́шна (bóróšna, “basket”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "борошень",
            "der": "1",
            "t": "belongings, things for the road"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old East Slavic: борошень (borošenĭ, “belongings, things for the road”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old East Slavic: борошень (borošenĭ, “belongings, things for the road”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zle-mru",
            "2": "бо́рошень",
            "3": "бо́рошенъ",
            "sc1": "Cyrs",
            "sc2": "Cyrs"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Russian: бо́рошень (bórošenʹ), бо́рошенъ (bórošen)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Russian: бо́рошень (bórošenʹ), бо́рошенъ (bórošen)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "бо́ро́ше́нь",
            "3": "бо́рышень",
            "q": "dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: (dialectal) бо́ро́ше́нь (bóróšénʹ), бо́рышень (bóryšenʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: (dialectal) бо́ро́ше́нь (bóróšénʹ), бо́рышень (bóryšenʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "brášnja",
            "alt": "",
            "bor": "",
            "der": "",
            "g": "",
            "pos": "",
            "t": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: brášnja",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "brášnja"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: brášnja (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "desc/sl-tonal"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: brášnja (tonal orthography)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "brašna",
            "t": "bag"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: brašna (“bag”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: brašna (“bag”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "brašna",
            "3": "brachňa",
            "q2": "dialectal",
            "t2": "basket"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: brašna, (dialectal) brachňa (“basket”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: brašna, (dialectal) brachňa (“basket”)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*boršьno",
        "3": "*-ja",
        "t1": "flour"
      },
      "expansion": "*boršьno (“flour”) + *-ja",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "ine-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰers-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *boršьno (“flour”) + *-ja.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňę̇",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňę̇",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňama",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňāmъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňę̇",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňējǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňama",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňāmī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňāsъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňe",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňę̇",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "boršьňa",
        "ap": "a",
        "g": "f"
      },
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/boršьňa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "hogweed",
      "word": "bъrščь"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "100 0",
      "sense": "*bъrъ (“foxtail millet”)",
      "word": "bъrěnъ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "100 0",
      "sense": "*bъrъ (“foxtail millet”)",
      "word": "bъrica"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "100 0",
      "sense": "*bъrъ (“foxtail millet”)",
      "word": "bъrikъ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "100 0",
      "sense": "*bъrъ (“foxtail millet”)",
      "word": "bъrika"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "82 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "90 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "94 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "94 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ja",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "food for the journey (from flour, such as bread)"
      ],
      "id": "en-boršьňa-sla-pro-noun-nz1KJRFZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "food",
          "food"
        ],
        [
          "journey",
          "journey"
        ],
        [
          "flour",
          "flour#English"
        ],
        [
          "bread",
          "bread#English"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "originally",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(originally) food for the journey (from flour, such as bread)"
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "_dis1": "91 9",
          "sense": "*boršьno (“flour; food, meal”)",
          "word": "boršьnikъ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 9",
          "sense": "*boršьno (“flour; food, meal”)",
          "word": "boršьnьnъ"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "satchel, bag (originally for food)"
      ],
      "id": "en-boršьňa-sla-pro-noun-NEadBtlH",
      "links": [
        [
          "satchel",
          "satchel"
        ],
        [
          "bag",
          "bag"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Oleg Trubachyov",
    "ru:Аникин, Александр Евгеньевич"
  ],
  "word": "boršьňa"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
    "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
    "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
    "Proto-Slavic nouns",
    "Proto-Slavic soft a-stem nouns",
    "Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
    "Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰers-",
    "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ja",
    "sla-pro:Bags",
    "sla-pro:Foods"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "*борошнꙗ",
            "3": "*борошна"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: *борошнꙗ (*borošnja), *борошна (*borošna)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: *борошнꙗ (*borošnja), *борошна (*borošna)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "бо́ро́шня́",
            "3": "бо́ро́шна",
            "q": "dialectal",
            "t2": "basket"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: (dialectal) бо́ро́шня́ (bóróšnjá), бо́ро́шна (bóróšna, “basket”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: (dialectal) бо́ро́шня́ (bóróšnjá), бо́ро́шна (bóróšna, “basket”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "борошень",
            "der": "1",
            "t": "belongings, things for the road"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old East Slavic: борошень (borošenĭ, “belongings, things for the road”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old East Slavic: борошень (borošenĭ, “belongings, things for the road”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zle-mru",
            "2": "бо́рошень",
            "3": "бо́рошенъ",
            "sc1": "Cyrs",
            "sc2": "Cyrs"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Russian: бо́рошень (bórošenʹ), бо́рошенъ (bórošen)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Russian: бо́рошень (bórošenʹ), бо́рошенъ (bórošen)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "бо́ро́ше́нь",
            "3": "бо́рышень",
            "q": "dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: (dialectal) бо́ро́ше́нь (bóróšénʹ), бо́рышень (bóryšenʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: (dialectal) бо́ро́ше́нь (bóróšénʹ), бо́рышень (bóryšenʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "brášnja",
            "alt": "",
            "bor": "",
            "der": "",
            "g": "",
            "pos": "",
            "t": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: brášnja",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "brášnja"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: brášnja (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "desc/sl-tonal"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: brášnja (tonal orthography)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "brašna",
            "t": "bag"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: brašna (“bag”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: brašna (“bag”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "brašna",
            "3": "brachňa",
            "q2": "dialectal",
            "t2": "basket"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: brašna, (dialectal) brachňa (“basket”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: brašna, (dialectal) brachňa (“basket”)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*boršьno",
        "3": "*-ja",
        "t1": "flour"
      },
      "expansion": "*boršьno (“flour”) + *-ja",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "ine-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰers-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *boršьno (“flour”) + *-ja.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňę̇",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňę̇",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňama",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňāmъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňę̇",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňējǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňama",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňāmī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňāsъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňe",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boršьňę̇",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "boršьňa",
        "ap": "a",
        "g": "f"
      },
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/boršьňa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "sense": "*boršьno (“flour; food, meal”)",
      "word": "boršьnikъ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "*boršьno (“flour; food, meal”)",
      "word": "boršьnьnъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "hogweed",
      "word": "bъrščь"
    },
    {
      "sense": "*bъrъ (“foxtail millet”)",
      "word": "bъrěnъ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "*bъrъ (“foxtail millet”)",
      "word": "bъrica"
    },
    {
      "sense": "*bъrъ (“foxtail millet”)",
      "word": "bъrikъ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "*bъrъ (“foxtail millet”)",
      "word": "bъrika"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "food for the journey (from flour, such as bread)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "food",
          "food"
        ],
        [
          "journey",
          "journey"
        ],
        [
          "flour",
          "flour#English"
        ],
        [
          "bread",
          "bread#English"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "originally",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(originally) food for the journey (from flour, such as bread)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "satchel, bag (originally for food)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "satchel",
          "satchel"
        ],
        [
          "bag",
          "bag"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Oleg Trubachyov",
    "ru:Аникин, Александр Евгеньевич"
  ],
  "word": "boršьňa"
}

Download raw JSONL data for boršьňa meaning in Proto-Slavic (7.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-09-20 using wiktextract (af5c55c and 66545a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.