"bodati" meaning in Proto-Slavic

See bodati in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: See *badati. Vowel 'o' from *bosti. Etymology templates: {{root|sla-pro|ine-pro|*bʰedʰh₂-}} Inflection templates: {{sla-conj||-1}} Forms: bodàti [canonical], no-table-tags [table-tags], ? [accent-paradigm], bodanьje [noun-from-verb], bodati [infinitive], bodatъ [supine], bodalъ [l-participle], no-table-tags [table-tags], ? [accent-paradigm], bodanъ [participle, passive, past], bodajemъ [participle, passive, present], bodavъ [active, participle, past], bodaję [active, participle, present], no-table-tags [table-tags], ? [accent-paradigm], bodaxъ [aorist, first-person, singular], boda [aorist, second-person, singular], boda [aorist, singular, third-person], bodajǫ [first-person, present, singular], bodaješi [present, second-person, singular], bodajetь [present, singular, third-person], bodaxově [aorist, dual, first-person], bodasta [aorist, dual, second-person], bodaste [aorist, dual, third-person], bodajevě [dual, first-person, present], bodajeta [dual, present, second-person], bodajete [dual, present, third-person], bodaxomъ [aorist, first-person, plural], bodaste [aorist, plural, second-person], bodašę [aorist, plural, third-person], bodajemъ [first-person, plural, present], bodajete [plural, present, second-person], bodajǫtь [plural, present, third-person], bodaaxъ [first-person, imperfect, singular], bodaaše [imperfect, second-person, singular], bodaaše [imperfect, singular, third-person], - [first-person, imperative, singular], bodaji [imperative, second-person, singular], bodaji [imperative, singular, third-person], bodaaxově [dual, first-person, imperfect], bodaašeta [dual, imperfect, second-person], bodaašete [dual, imperfect, third-person], bodajivě [dual, first-person, imperative], bodajita [dual, imperative, second-person], - [dual, imperative, third-person], bodaaxomъ [first-person, imperfect, plural], bodaašete [imperfect, plural, second-person], bodaaxǫ [imperfect, plural, third-person], bodajimъ [first-person, imperative, plural], bodajite [imperative, plural, second-person], - [imperative, plural, third-person]
  1. to stab, sting Tags: reconstruction Derived forms: bodačь (english: butting ox), bodakъ
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "бада́ць"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: бада́ць (badácʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: бада́ць (badácʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "бода́ть"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: бода́ть (bodátʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: бода́ть (bodátʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "бода́"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: бода́ (bodá)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: бода́ (bodá)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "bǫ̂dati"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: bǫ̂dati",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: bǫ̂dati"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "bodat"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: bodat",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: bodat"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "bodať"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: bodať",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: bodať"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰedʰh₂-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See *badati. Vowel 'o' from *bosti.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bodàti",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodanьje",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodati",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodatъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "supine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodalъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "l-participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodanъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodajemъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodavъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaję",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaxъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodajǫ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaješi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodajetь",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaxově",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "first-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodasta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodajevě",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodajeta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodajete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaxomъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodašę",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodajemъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodajete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodajǫtь",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaaxъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaaše",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaaše",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaji",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaji",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaaxově",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaašeta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaašete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodajivě",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodajita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaaxomъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaašete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaaxǫ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodajimъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodajite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "-1"
      },
      "name": "sla-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bodati",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -a-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "english": "butting ox",
          "word": "bodačь"
        },
        {
          "word": "bodakъ"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to stab, sting"
      ],
      "id": "en-bodati-sla-pro-verb-NFIpnujQ",
      "links": [
        [
          "stab",
          "stab"
        ],
        [
          "sting",
          "sting"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "bodati"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "butting ox",
      "word": "bodačь"
    },
    {
      "word": "bodakъ"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "бада́ць"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: бада́ць (badácʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: бада́ць (badácʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "бода́ть"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: бода́ть (bodátʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: бода́ть (bodátʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "бода́"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: бода́ (bodá)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: бода́ (bodá)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "bǫ̂dati"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: bǫ̂dati",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: bǫ̂dati"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "bodat"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: bodat",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: bodat"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "bodať"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: bodať",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: bodať"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰedʰh₂-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See *badati. Vowel 'o' from *bosti.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bodàti",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodanьje",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodati",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodatъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "supine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodalъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "l-participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodanъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodajemъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodavъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaję",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaxъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodajǫ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaješi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodajetь",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaxově",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "first-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodasta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodajevě",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodajeta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodajete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaxomъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodašę",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodajemъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodajete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodajǫtь",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaaxъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaaše",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaaše",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaji",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaji",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaaxově",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaašeta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaašete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodajivě",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodajita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaaxomъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaašete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodaaxǫ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodajimъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bodajite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "-1"
      },
      "name": "sla-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bodati",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
        "Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰedʰh₂-",
        "Proto-Slavic verbs",
        "Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -a-",
        "sla-conj with extra parameters/n"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to stab, sting"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "stab",
          "stab"
        ],
        [
          "sting",
          "sting"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "bodati"
}

Download raw JSONL data for bodati meaning in Proto-Slavic (6.8kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (f889f65 and 8fbd9e8). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.