See hesternos in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "hesternus"
},
"expansion": "Latin: hesternus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: hesternus (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰǵʰyésteros"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰǵʰyésteros",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*-nos"
},
"expansion": "+ *-nos",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "yester-"
},
"expansion": "English yester-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gestern"
},
"expansion": "German gestern",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gisteren"
},
"expansion": "Dutch gisteren",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *dʰǵʰyésteros + *-nos. The Proto-Italic reflex was generated by the apheresis of *dʰ-, otherwise it would be **θ(j)esternos.\nCognate with English yester- (cf. yesterday), German gestern (cf. Gestern) and Dutch gisteren.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hesternjōs",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternisəmos",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "itc-decl-adj-o+a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o/ā-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesterne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hesterna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternosjo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternosjo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternōi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternāi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternōi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternōd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternād",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternōd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternāi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternoi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternoi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternons",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternans",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternāzōm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternais",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternais",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternais",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "comparative",
"4": "*hesternjōs",
"5": "superlative",
"6": "*hesternisəmos"
},
"expansion": "*hesternos (comparative *hesternjōs, superlative *hesternisəmos)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hestern"
},
"name": "itc-decl-adj-o+a"
},
{
"args": {
"abl_pl_f": "*hesternais",
"abl_pl_m": "*hesternois",
"abl_pl_n": "*hesternois",
"abl_sg_f": "*hesternād",
"abl_sg_m": "*hesternōd",
"abl_sg_n": "*hesternōd",
"acc_pl_f": "*hesternans",
"acc_pl_m": "*hesternons",
"acc_pl_n": "*hesternā",
"acc_sg_f": "*hesternam",
"acc_sg_m": "*hesternom",
"acc_sg_n": "*hesternom",
"dat_pl_f": "*hesternais",
"dat_pl_m": "*hesternois",
"dat_pl_n": "*hesternois",
"dat_sg_f": "*hesternāi",
"dat_sg_m": "*hesternōi",
"dat_sg_n": "*hesternōi",
"gen_pl_f": "*hesternāzōm",
"gen_pl_m": "*hesternom",
"gen_pl_n": "*hesternom",
"gen_sg_f": "*hesternās",
"gen_sg_m": "*hesternosjo, hesternī",
"gen_sg_n": "*hesternosjo, hesternī",
"loc_pl_f": "*hesternais",
"loc_pl_m": "*hesternois",
"loc_pl_n": "*hesternois",
"loc_sg_f": "*hesternāi",
"loc_sg_m": "*hesternei",
"loc_sg_n": "*hesternei",
"nom_pl_f": "*hesternās",
"nom_pl_m": "*hesternōs, hesternoi",
"nom_pl_n": "*hesternā",
"nom_sg_f": "*hesternā",
"nom_sg_m": "*hesternos",
"nom_sg_n": "*hesternom",
"type": "o/ā-stem",
"voc_pl_f": "*hesternās",
"voc_pl_m": "*hesternōs, hesternoi",
"voc_pl_n": "*hesternā",
"voc_sg_f": "*hesterna",
"voc_sg_m": "*hesterne",
"voc_sg_n": "*hesternom"
},
"name": "itc-decl-adj-table"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Italic",
"lang_code": "itc-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/hesternos",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Italic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Italic terms suffixed with *-nos",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"yesterday's"
],
"id": "en-hesternos-itc-pro-adj-EcD64zGW",
"links": [
[
"yesterday",
"yesterday"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "hesternos"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "hesternus"
},
"expansion": "Latin: hesternus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: hesternus (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰǵʰyésteros"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰǵʰyésteros",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*-nos"
},
"expansion": "+ *-nos",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "yester-"
},
"expansion": "English yester-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gestern"
},
"expansion": "German gestern",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gisteren"
},
"expansion": "Dutch gisteren",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *dʰǵʰyésteros + *-nos. The Proto-Italic reflex was generated by the apheresis of *dʰ-, otherwise it would be **θ(j)esternos.\nCognate with English yester- (cf. yesterday), German gestern (cf. Gestern) and Dutch gisteren.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hesternjōs",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternisəmos",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "itc-decl-adj-o+a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o/ā-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesterne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hesterna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternosjo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternosjo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternōi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternāi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternōi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternōd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternād",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternōd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternāi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternoi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternoi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternons",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternans",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternāzōm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternais",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternais",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternais",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hesternois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "comparative",
"4": "*hesternjōs",
"5": "superlative",
"6": "*hesternisəmos"
},
"expansion": "*hesternos (comparative *hesternjōs, superlative *hesternisəmos)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hestern"
},
"name": "itc-decl-adj-o+a"
},
{
"args": {
"abl_pl_f": "*hesternais",
"abl_pl_m": "*hesternois",
"abl_pl_n": "*hesternois",
"abl_sg_f": "*hesternād",
"abl_sg_m": "*hesternōd",
"abl_sg_n": "*hesternōd",
"acc_pl_f": "*hesternans",
"acc_pl_m": "*hesternons",
"acc_pl_n": "*hesternā",
"acc_sg_f": "*hesternam",
"acc_sg_m": "*hesternom",
"acc_sg_n": "*hesternom",
"dat_pl_f": "*hesternais",
"dat_pl_m": "*hesternois",
"dat_pl_n": "*hesternois",
"dat_sg_f": "*hesternāi",
"dat_sg_m": "*hesternōi",
"dat_sg_n": "*hesternōi",
"gen_pl_f": "*hesternāzōm",
"gen_pl_m": "*hesternom",
"gen_pl_n": "*hesternom",
"gen_sg_f": "*hesternās",
"gen_sg_m": "*hesternosjo, hesternī",
"gen_sg_n": "*hesternosjo, hesternī",
"loc_pl_f": "*hesternais",
"loc_pl_m": "*hesternois",
"loc_pl_n": "*hesternois",
"loc_sg_f": "*hesternāi",
"loc_sg_m": "*hesternei",
"loc_sg_n": "*hesternei",
"nom_pl_f": "*hesternās",
"nom_pl_m": "*hesternōs, hesternoi",
"nom_pl_n": "*hesternā",
"nom_sg_f": "*hesternā",
"nom_sg_m": "*hesternos",
"nom_sg_n": "*hesternom",
"type": "o/ā-stem",
"voc_pl_f": "*hesternās",
"voc_pl_m": "*hesternōs, hesternoi",
"voc_pl_n": "*hesternā",
"voc_sg_f": "*hesterna",
"voc_sg_m": "*hesterne",
"voc_sg_n": "*hesternom"
},
"name": "itc-decl-adj-table"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Italic",
"lang_code": "itc-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/hesternos",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Italic adjectives",
"Proto-Italic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Italic lemmas",
"Proto-Italic o/ā-stem adjectives",
"Proto-Italic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Italic terms suffixed with *-nos"
],
"glosses": [
"yesterday's"
],
"links": [
[
"yesterday",
"yesterday"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "hesternos"
}
Download raw JSONL data for hesternos meaning in Proto-Italic (7.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Italic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (ca09fec and c40eb85). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.