"-ma" meaning in Proto-Indo-Iranian

See -ma in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥ ~ *-mén. Etymology templates: {{inh|iir-pro|ine-pro|*-mn̥|*-mn̥ ~ *-mén}} Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥ ~ *-mén Head templates: {{head|iir-pro|suffix|cat2=noun-forming suffixes|g=n}} *-ma n
  1. deverbal nominal suffix. Tags: morpheme, neuter, reconstruction
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "inc-pro",
            "2": "*-ma"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *-ma",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *-ma"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sa",
            "2": "-मन्"
          },
          "expansion": "Sanskrit: -मन् (-man)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sanskrit: -मन् (-man)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ira-pro",
            "2": "*-ma"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *-ma",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Iranian: *-ma"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ae",
            "2": "-𐬨𐬀𐬥"
          },
          "expansion": "Avestan: -𐬨𐬀𐬥 (-man)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Avestan: -𐬨𐬀𐬥 (-man)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ckb",
            "2": "-مەن",
            "3": "-مەنی",
            "4": "-مە",
            "5": "مە-"
          },
          "expansion": "Central Kurdish: -مەن (-men), -مەنی (-menî), -مە (-me), مە- (me-)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Central Kurdish: -مەن (-men), -مەنی (-menî), -مە (-me), مە- (me-) (as in dîmen, çapemenî, mebest...)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "iir-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-mn̥",
        "4": "*-mn̥ ~ *-mén"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥ ~ *-mén",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥ ~ *-mén.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "iir-pro",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
        "g": "n"
      },
      "expansion": "*-ma n",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
  "lang_code": "iir-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/-ma",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "deverbal nominal suffix."
      ],
      "id": "en--ma-iir-pro-suffix-AoBc2PPG",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "neuter",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ma"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "inc-pro",
            "2": "*-ma"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *-ma",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *-ma"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sa",
            "2": "-मन्"
          },
          "expansion": "Sanskrit: -मन् (-man)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sanskrit: -मन् (-man)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ira-pro",
            "2": "*-ma"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *-ma",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Iranian: *-ma"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ae",
            "2": "-𐬨𐬀𐬥"
          },
          "expansion": "Avestan: -𐬨𐬀𐬥 (-man)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Avestan: -𐬨𐬀𐬥 (-man)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ckb",
            "2": "-مەن",
            "3": "-مەنی",
            "4": "-مە",
            "5": "مە-"
          },
          "expansion": "Central Kurdish: -مەن (-men), -مەنی (-menî), -مە (-me), مە- (me-)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Central Kurdish: -مەن (-men), -مەنی (-menî), -مە (-me), مە- (me-) (as in dîmen, çapemenî, mebest...)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "iir-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-mn̥",
        "4": "*-mn̥ ~ *-mén"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥ ~ *-mén",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥ ~ *-mén.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "iir-pro",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
        "g": "n"
      },
      "expansion": "*-ma n",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
  "lang_code": "iir-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/-ma",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages using catfix",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Indo-Iranian lemmas",
        "Proto-Indo-Iranian neuter suffixes",
        "Proto-Indo-Iranian noun-forming suffixes",
        "Proto-Indo-Iranian suffixes",
        "Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Indo-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "deverbal nominal suffix."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "neuter",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ma"
}

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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-Iranian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (e4a2c88 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.