See yéwos in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ջով",
"t": "sprout",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Old Armenian: ջով (ǰov, “sprout”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Old Armenian: ջով (ǰov, “sprout”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "jãvas",
"3": "javaĩ",
"g": "s",
"g2": "p"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: jãvas sg, javaĩ pl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: jãvas sg, javaĩ pl"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*yewos",
"t": "barley, spelt",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Celtic: *yewos (“barley, spelt”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Celtic: *yewos (“barley, spelt”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "yell",
"g": "m",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Breton: yell m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Breton: yell m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*yewornyā",
"der": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒? Proto-Celtic: *yewornyā",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "?"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+^? *-rnyos, compare *agrinyos (“sloe”)",
"2": "or *wésornyā < *wósr̥ (“spring”)"
},
"expansion": "(+ *-rnyos, compare *agrinyos (“sloe”), or *wésornyā < *wósr̥ (“spring”))",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒? Proto-Celtic: *yewornyā (+ *-rnyos, compare *agrinyos (“sloe”), or *wésornyā < *wósr̥ (“spring”))"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "eórna",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: eórna f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: eórna f"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "eorna"
},
"expansion": "Irish: eorna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: eorna"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "eòrna"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: eòrna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: eòrna"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "oarn"
},
"expansion": "Manx: oarn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manx: oarn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*yáwas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *yáwas",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *yáwas (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "yu-"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B yu-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *yew-, *yewh₁- (“to ripen, mature”), whence Tocharian B yu-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "non-ablauting",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwesih₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwesih₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwesih₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwesos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwesoHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwesos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwesmos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwesbʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwesey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwesmos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwesbʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwesi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwesu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwesh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwesmis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwesbʰis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "non-ablauting",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "-",
"f2nolink": "1",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*yéwos n (non-ablauting)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yéwos",
"2": "yéwes",
"ac": "acrostatic"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-n"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/yéwos",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"cereal, grain"
],
"id": "en-yéwos-ine-pro-noun-YezJBV0L",
"links": [
[
"cereal",
"cereal"
],
[
"grain",
"grain"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*dʰoHnéh₂"
},
{
"word": "*ǵr̥h₂nóm"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 85",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 90",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 93",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"roman": "zeiá",
"sense": "Ancient Greek: (“spelt”)",
"tags": [
"Epic",
"Greek"
],
"word": "ζειά"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 91",
"roman": "dēaí",
"sense": "Ancient Greek: (“spelt”)",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek",
"Cretan"
],
"word": "δηαί"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 69",
"sense": "Tocharian B: yap (“dressed barley”)",
"word": "→ Tocharian A: yap"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 67",
"alt": "UDÚLe-wa-an /ewan/",
"english": "kind of grain; soup made of a kind of grain",
"sense": "Proto-Anatolian",
"word": "Hittite 𒂊𒉿𒀭"
}
],
"glosses": [
"barley, spelt"
],
"id": "en-yéwos-ine-pro-noun-MFRPvx0h",
"links": [
[
"barley",
"barley"
],
[
"spelt",
"spelt"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*ǵʰrésdʰi"
},
{
"word": "*h₂élbʰit"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"de:Brian D. Joseph"
],
"word": "yéwos"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European acrostatic neuter s-stem nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European neuter nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European nouns"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "zeiá",
"sense": "Ancient Greek: (“spelt”)",
"tags": [
"Epic",
"Greek"
],
"word": "ζειά"
},
{
"roman": "dēaí",
"sense": "Ancient Greek: (“spelt”)",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek",
"Cretan"
],
"word": "δηαί"
},
{
"sense": "Tocharian B: yap (“dressed barley”)",
"word": "→ Tocharian A: yap"
},
{
"alt": "UDÚLe-wa-an /ewan/",
"english": "kind of grain; soup made of a kind of grain",
"sense": "Proto-Anatolian",
"word": "Hittite 𒂊𒉿𒀭"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ջով",
"t": "sprout",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Old Armenian: ջով (ǰov, “sprout”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Old Armenian: ջով (ǰov, “sprout”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "jãvas",
"3": "javaĩ",
"g": "s",
"g2": "p"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: jãvas sg, javaĩ pl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: jãvas sg, javaĩ pl"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*yewos",
"t": "barley, spelt",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Celtic: *yewos (“barley, spelt”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Celtic: *yewos (“barley, spelt”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "yell",
"g": "m",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Breton: yell m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Breton: yell m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*yewornyā",
"der": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒? Proto-Celtic: *yewornyā",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "?"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+^? *-rnyos, compare *agrinyos (“sloe”)",
"2": "or *wésornyā < *wósr̥ (“spring”)"
},
"expansion": "(+ *-rnyos, compare *agrinyos (“sloe”), or *wésornyā < *wósr̥ (“spring”))",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒? Proto-Celtic: *yewornyā (+ *-rnyos, compare *agrinyos (“sloe”), or *wésornyā < *wósr̥ (“spring”))"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "eórna",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: eórna f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: eórna f"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "eorna"
},
"expansion": "Irish: eorna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: eorna"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "eòrna"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: eòrna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: eòrna"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "oarn"
},
"expansion": "Manx: oarn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manx: oarn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*yáwas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *yáwas",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *yáwas (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "yu-"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B yu-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *yew-, *yewh₁- (“to ripen, mature”), whence Tocharian B yu-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "non-ablauting",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwesih₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwesih₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwesih₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwesos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwesoHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwesos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwesmos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwesbʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwesey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwesmos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwesbʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwesi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwesu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwesh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwesmis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yéwesbʰis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "non-ablauting",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "-",
"f2nolink": "1",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*yéwos n (non-ablauting)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yéwos",
"2": "yéwes",
"ac": "acrostatic"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-n"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/yéwos",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"ine-pro:Grains"
],
"glosses": [
"cereal, grain"
],
"links": [
[
"cereal",
"cereal"
],
[
"grain",
"grain"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*dʰoHnéh₂"
},
{
"word": "*ǵr̥h₂nóm"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"ine-pro:Grains"
],
"glosses": [
"barley, spelt"
],
"links": [
[
"barley",
"barley"
],
[
"spelt",
"spelt"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*ǵʰrésdʰi"
},
{
"word": "*h₂élbʰit"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"de:Brian D. Joseph"
],
"word": "yéwos"
}
Download raw JSONL data for yéwos meaning in Proto-Indo-European (6.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.