See uksḗn in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*(H)ukšā́"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *(H)ukšā́",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *(H)ukšā́ (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "*uškɜ",
"bor": "1",
"t": "ox, bull",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Proto-Uralic: *uškɜ (“ox, bull”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Proto-Uralic: *uškɜ (“ox, bull”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ccs-pro",
"2": "*usx-",
"bor": "1",
"t": "sacrificial bull"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Kartvelian: *usx- (“sacrificial bull”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps",
"2": "with metathesis"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps, with metathesis)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Kartvelian: *usx- (“sacrificial bull”) (perhaps, with metathesis) (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*-ḗn"
},
"expansion": "+ *-ḗn",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "ccs-pro",
"3": "*usx-",
"t": "sacrificial bull"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Kartvelian *usx- (“sacrificial bull”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*öküŕ",
"t": "ox, bull"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *öküŕ (“ox, bull”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Of uncertain origin; possibly from *h₂ug-s-ḗn, from *h₂weg-s- (“to become strong”) + *-ḗn, or perhaps from *ugʷ-s-ḗn (“inseminator”), from *wegʷ- (“to moisten, make wet”). Alternatively borrowed from Proto-Kartvelian *usx- (“sacrificial bull”) with metathesis, or a Wanderwort, whence also Proto-Turkic *öküŕ (“ox, bull”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "uksḗn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "uksénh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "uksénh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "uksénes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "uksén",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "uksénh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "uksénh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "uksénes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "uksénm̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "uksénh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "uksénh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "uksénm̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "uksnés",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "uksnóHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "uksnés",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "uksn̥mós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "uksn̥bʰós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "uksnéy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "uksn̥mós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "uksn̥bʰós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "uksén",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ukséni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "uksn̥sú",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "uksnéh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "uksn̥mís",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "uksn̥bʰís",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"f2nolink": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*uksḗn m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uksén",
"2": "uksn̥",
"ac": "hysterokinetic"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/uksḗn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-ḗn",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "ox, stag; see there for further descendants",
"sense": "*úks-ō",
"word": "uxsū"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "*úks-ō",
"word": "uhsô"
},
{
"english": "ox, bull; see there for further descendants",
"sense": "Proto-Tocharian: *wəkʷsó (“draft-ox”) (see there for further descendants)",
"word": "→? Proto-Turkic: *öküŕ"
},
{
"english": "ox, bull; see there for further descendants",
"sense": "Proto-Tocharian: *wəkʷsó (“draft-ox”) (see there for further descendants)",
"word": "→? Proto-Uralic: *uškɜ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bull"
],
"id": "en-uksḗn-ine-pro-noun-xnwSY2UU",
"links": [
[
"bull",
"bull"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"de:Brian D. Joseph"
]
}
],
"word": "uksḗn"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "ox, stag; see there for further descendants",
"sense": "*úks-ō",
"word": "uxsū"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "*úks-ō",
"word": "uhsô"
},
{
"english": "ox, bull; see there for further descendants",
"sense": "Proto-Tocharian: *wəkʷsó (“draft-ox”) (see there for further descendants)",
"word": "→? Proto-Turkic: *öküŕ"
},
{
"english": "ox, bull; see there for further descendants",
"sense": "Proto-Tocharian: *wəkʷsó (“draft-ox”) (see there for further descendants)",
"word": "→? Proto-Uralic: *uškɜ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*(H)ukšā́"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *(H)ukšā́",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *(H)ukšā́ (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "*uškɜ",
"bor": "1",
"t": "ox, bull",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Proto-Uralic: *uškɜ (“ox, bull”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Proto-Uralic: *uškɜ (“ox, bull”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ccs-pro",
"2": "*usx-",
"bor": "1",
"t": "sacrificial bull"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Kartvelian: *usx- (“sacrificial bull”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps",
"2": "with metathesis"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps, with metathesis)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Kartvelian: *usx- (“sacrificial bull”) (perhaps, with metathesis) (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*-ḗn"
},
"expansion": "+ *-ḗn",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "ccs-pro",
"3": "*usx-",
"t": "sacrificial bull"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Kartvelian *usx- (“sacrificial bull”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*öküŕ",
"t": "ox, bull"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *öküŕ (“ox, bull”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Of uncertain origin; possibly from *h₂ug-s-ḗn, from *h₂weg-s- (“to become strong”) + *-ḗn, or perhaps from *ugʷ-s-ḗn (“inseminator”), from *wegʷ- (“to moisten, make wet”). Alternatively borrowed from Proto-Kartvelian *usx- (“sacrificial bull”) with metathesis, or a Wanderwort, whence also Proto-Turkic *öküŕ (“ox, bull”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "uksḗn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "uksénh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "uksénh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "uksénes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "uksén",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "uksénh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "uksénh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "uksénes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "uksénm̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "uksénh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "uksénh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "uksénm̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "uksnés",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "uksnóHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "uksnés",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "uksn̥mós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "uksn̥bʰós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "uksnéy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "uksn̥mós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "uksn̥bʰós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "uksén",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ukséni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "uksn̥sú",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "uksnéh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "uksn̥mís",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "uksn̥bʰís",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"f2nolink": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*uksḗn m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uksén",
"2": "uksn̥",
"ac": "hysterokinetic"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/uksḗn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European hysterokinetic n-stem nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European masculine nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European terms borrowed from Proto-Kartvelian",
"Proto-Indo-European terms derived from Proto-Kartvelian",
"Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-ḗn",
"Proto-Indo-European terms with unknown etymologies",
"ine-pro:Cattle",
"ine-pro:Male animals"
],
"glosses": [
"bull"
],
"links": [
[
"bull",
"bull"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"de:Brian D. Joseph"
]
}
],
"word": "uksḗn"
}
Download raw JSONL data for uksḗn meaning in Proto-Indo-European (6.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (ce0be54 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.