See trem- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*trém-ti ~ *tr̥m-énti (athematic present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*trema"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *trema",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *trema"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "tremb"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: tremb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: tremb"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "tremt",
"alt": "trem̃t"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: trem̃t",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: trem̃t"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "trem̃ti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: trem̃ti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: trem̃ti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tręsti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *tręsti",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "contaminated by <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ine-pro\">*tres-</i>"
},
"expansion": "(contaminated by *tres-)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *tręsti (contaminated by *tres-) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*trémō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *trémō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *trémō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τρέμω"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: τρέμω (trémō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: τρέμω (trémō)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*tremō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *tremō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *tremō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "tremō"
},
"expansion": "Latin: tremō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: tremō (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tocharian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "trämäs"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A: trämäs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian A: trämäs"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*trom-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*troméyō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *troméyō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *troméyō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τρομέω"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: τρομέω (troméō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: τρομέω (troméō)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*tromeō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *tromeō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *tromeō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xum",
"2": "tremitu"
},
"expansion": "Umbrian: tremitu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Umbrian: tremitu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tróm-o-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*trómos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *trómos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *trómos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τρόμος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: τρόμος (trómos)\nGreek: τρόμος (trómos)\nMariupol Greek: тре́мус (trjémus)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: τρόμος (trómos)\nGreek: τρόμος (trómos)\nMariupol Greek: тре́мус (trjémus)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tocharian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "tremi"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: tremi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: tremi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*trom-ó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*tromós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *tromós",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *tromós"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τρομός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: τρομός (tromós)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: τρομός (tromós)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/trem-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European CReR-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to tremble (in fear)"
],
"id": "en-trem--ine-pro-root-pEgvQRNj",
"links": [
[
"tremble",
"tremble"
],
[
"fear",
"fear"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "trep-"
},
{
"word": "tres-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben",
"Vladimir Orel"
]
}
],
"word": "trem-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*trém-ti ~ *tr̥m-énti (athematic present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*trema"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *trema",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *trema"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "tremb"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: tremb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: tremb"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "tremt",
"alt": "trem̃t"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: trem̃t",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: trem̃t"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "trem̃ti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: trem̃ti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: trem̃ti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tręsti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *tręsti",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "contaminated by <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ine-pro\">*tres-</i>"
},
"expansion": "(contaminated by *tres-)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *tręsti (contaminated by *tres-) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*trémō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *trémō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *trémō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τρέμω"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: τρέμω (trémō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: τρέμω (trémō)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*tremō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *tremō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *tremō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "tremō"
},
"expansion": "Latin: tremō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: tremō (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tocharian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "trämäs"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A: trämäs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian A: trämäs"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*trom-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*troméyō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *troméyō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *troméyō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τρομέω"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: τρομέω (troméō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: τρομέω (troméō)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*tromeō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *tromeō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *tromeō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xum",
"2": "tremitu"
},
"expansion": "Umbrian: tremitu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Umbrian: tremitu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*tróm-o-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*trómos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *trómos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *trómos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τρόμος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: τρόμος (trómos)\nGreek: τρόμος (trómos)\nMariupol Greek: тре́мус (trjémus)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: τρόμος (trómos)\nGreek: τρόμος (trómos)\nMariupol Greek: тре́мус (trjémus)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tocharian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "tremi"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: tremi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: tremi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*trom-ó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*tromós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *tromós",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *tromós"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τρομός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: τρομός (tromós)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: τρομός (tromós)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/trem-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European CReR-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"glosses": [
"to tremble (in fear)"
],
"links": [
[
"tremble",
"tremble"
],
[
"fear",
"fear"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben",
"Vladimir Orel"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "trep-"
},
{
"word": "tres-"
}
],
"word": "trem-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for trem- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (4.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.