See tónos in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for tónos meaning in Proto-Indo-European (5.6kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*tánas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *tánas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *tánas"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "tãnas"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: tãnas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: tãnas"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*tónos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *tónos",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *tónos (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*tā́nas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tā́nas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tā́nas"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*tā́nas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tā́nas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tā́nas"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तान",
"tr": "tā́na"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: तान (tā́na)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: तान (tā́na)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*tā́nah"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *tā́nah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *tā́nah"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ossetian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "тӕнӕ"
},
"expansion": "тӕнӕ (tænæ)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Digor: тӕнӕ (tænæ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "тӕн"
},
"expansion": "тӕн (tæn)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Iron: тӕн (tæn)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ten-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ten-",
"3": "*-os",
"id2": "thematic",
"t1": "stretch, extend"
},
"expansion": "*ten- (“stretch, extend”) + *-os",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *ten- (“stretch, extend”) + *-os.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tónos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tónoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "tónoes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tóne",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tónoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tónoes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tónom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tónoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tónoms",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tónosyo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "tónoHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tónead",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tónomos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tónoey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tónomos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tóney",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tónoy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "tónoysu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tónoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "tónōys",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*tónos m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tóno"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tónos",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using bad params when calling Template:ine-noun",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "81 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "90 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *ten-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "91 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-os (thematic)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"something stretched"
],
"id": "en-tónos-ine-pro-noun-R2Ymng3q",
"links": [
[
"stretch",
"stretch"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using bad params when calling Template:ine-noun",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chord, fiber, string"
],
"id": "en-tónos-ine-pro-noun-NtVPjALx",
"links": [
[
"chord",
"chord"
],
[
"fiber",
"fiber"
],
[
"string",
"string"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "tónos"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using bad params when calling Template:ine-noun",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European masculine nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *ten-",
"Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-os (thematic)",
"Proto-Indo-European thematic o-stem nouns"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*tánas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *tánas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *tánas"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "tãnas"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: tãnas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: tãnas"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*tónos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *tónos",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *tónos (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*tā́nas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tā́nas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tā́nas"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*tā́nas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tā́nas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tā́nas"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तान",
"tr": "tā́na"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: तान (tā́na)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: तान (tā́na)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*tā́nah"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *tā́nah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *tā́nah"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ossetian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "тӕнӕ"
},
"expansion": "тӕнӕ (tænæ)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Digor: тӕнӕ (tænæ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "тӕн"
},
"expansion": "тӕн (tæn)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Iron: тӕн (tæn)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ten-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ten-",
"3": "*-os",
"id2": "thematic",
"t1": "stretch, extend"
},
"expansion": "*ten- (“stretch, extend”) + *-os",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *ten- (“stretch, extend”) + *-os.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tónos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tónoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "tónoes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tóne",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tónoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tónoes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tónom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tónoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tónoms",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tónosyo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "tónoHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tónead",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tónomos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tónoey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tónomos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tóney",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tónoy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "tónoysu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tónoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "tónōys",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*tónos m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tóno"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tónos",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"something stretched"
],
"links": [
[
"stretch",
"stretch"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"ine-pro:Fibers",
"ine-pro:Textiles"
],
"glosses": [
"chord, fiber, string"
],
"links": [
[
"chord",
"chord"
],
[
"fiber",
"fiber"
],
[
"string",
"string"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "tónos"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.