See péysks in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for péysks meaning in Proto-Indo-European (7.9kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "vṛddhi derivative",
"name": "vrddhi"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πέρκη",
"t": "perch"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πέρκη (pérkē, “perch”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "erc",
"t": "perch"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish erc (“perch”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*furhnō",
"t": "trout"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *furhnō (“trout”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*perḱ-",
"t": "colored, speckled"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *perḱ- (“colored, speckled”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*piHtú",
"t": "fat; food"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *piHtú (“fat; food”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*piťa",
"t": "food"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *piťa (“food”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "पिच्छ",
"t": "tail feather, wing"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पिच्छ (piccha, “tail feather, wing”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "pisk",
"t": "young feather"
},
"expansion": "Czech pisk (“young feather”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*finnā",
"t": "fin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *finnā (“fin”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pinna",
"t": "wing, feather, fin"
},
"expansion": "Latin pinna (“wing, feather, fin”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πτερόν",
"t": "feather, wing, fin"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “feather, wing, fin”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "पक्ष",
"t": "wing, fin"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पक्ष (pakṣa, “wing, fin”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "पिच्छ",
"t": "calf (of the leg)"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पिच्छ (piccha, “calf (of the leg)”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*jьkra",
"t": "fish roe; calf of leg"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *jьkra (“fish roe; calf of leg”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kuit",
"t": "fish roe; calf of leg"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kuit (“fish roe; calf of leg”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Limited to West Indo-European, which has led to some speculation of a substrate borrowing. Alternatively reconstructed as a vṛddhi derivative of a sḱ-present verb:\n* *peyḱsḱ- (“something painted, spotted”), from *piḱ-sḱé-ti, from *peyḱ- (“to paint, mark; spotted”), compare semantics of Ancient Greek πέρκη (pérkē, “perch”), Old Irish erc (“perch”), Proto-Germanic *furhnō (“trout”), from Proto-Indo-European *perḱ- (“colored, speckled”);\n* *peytsḱ- (“something nourishing, food”), from *pit-sḱé-ti, from *péyh₂tu (“something fattening, nourishing”), cognate with Proto-Indo-Iranian *piHtú (“fat; food”), Proto-Slavic *piťa (“food”);\n* *peysḱ- (“something winged, finned”), cognate with Sanskrit पिच्छ (piccha, “tail feather, wing”), Czech pisk (“young feather”), perhaps further related to Proto-West Germanic *finnā (“fin”), Latin pinna (“wing, feather, fin”), from *(s)peyh₂-; also compare semantics of Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “feather, wing, fin”), Sanskrit पक्ष (pakṣa, “wing, fin”);\n* or *peysḱ- (“something soft tissued”), cognate with Sanskrit पिच्छ (piccha, “calf (of the leg)”), compare semantics of Proto-Slavic *jьkra (“fish roe; calf of leg”), Dutch kuit (“fish roe; calf of leg”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "péysks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "péyskh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "péyskh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "péyskes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "péysk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "péyskh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "péyskh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "péyskes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "péyskm̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "péyskh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "péyskh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "péyskm̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "piskés",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "piskóHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "piskés",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "piskmós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "piskéy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "piskmós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "péysk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "péyski",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "pisksú",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "piskéh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "piskmís",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"f2nolink": "1",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*péysks",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "péysk",
"2": "pisk",
"ac": "amphikinetic"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/péysks",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European vrddhi derivatives",
"parents": [
"Vrddhi derivatives",
"Terms by etymology"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "*péysk-o-s",
"word": "ɸēskos"
},
{
"sense": "Latin: piscis (see there for further descendants)",
"word": "→ Albanian: peshk"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "Latin: piscis (see there for further descendants)",
"word": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *pɨsk"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "*pisk-ó-s",
"word": "fiskaz"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fish"
],
"id": "en-péysks-ine-pro-noun-tHSpmicF",
"links": [
[
"fish",
"fish"
]
],
"qualifier": "West Indo-European",
"raw_glosses": [
"(West Indo-European) fish"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*dʰǵʰu-"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"de:Brian D. Joseph"
]
}
],
"word": "péysks"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "*péysk-o-s",
"word": "ɸēskos"
},
{
"sense": "Latin: piscis (see there for further descendants)",
"word": "→ Albanian: peshk"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "Latin: piscis (see there for further descendants)",
"word": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *pɨsk"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "*pisk-ó-s",
"word": "fiskaz"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "vṛddhi derivative",
"name": "vrddhi"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πέρκη",
"t": "perch"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πέρκη (pérkē, “perch”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "erc",
"t": "perch"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish erc (“perch”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*furhnō",
"t": "trout"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *furhnō (“trout”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*perḱ-",
"t": "colored, speckled"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *perḱ- (“colored, speckled”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*piHtú",
"t": "fat; food"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *piHtú (“fat; food”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*piťa",
"t": "food"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *piťa (“food”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "पिच्छ",
"t": "tail feather, wing"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पिच्छ (piccha, “tail feather, wing”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "pisk",
"t": "young feather"
},
"expansion": "Czech pisk (“young feather”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*finnā",
"t": "fin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *finnā (“fin”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pinna",
"t": "wing, feather, fin"
},
"expansion": "Latin pinna (“wing, feather, fin”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πτερόν",
"t": "feather, wing, fin"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “feather, wing, fin”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "पक्ष",
"t": "wing, fin"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पक्ष (pakṣa, “wing, fin”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "पिच्छ",
"t": "calf (of the leg)"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पिच्छ (piccha, “calf (of the leg)”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*jьkra",
"t": "fish roe; calf of leg"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *jьkra (“fish roe; calf of leg”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kuit",
"t": "fish roe; calf of leg"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kuit (“fish roe; calf of leg”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Limited to West Indo-European, which has led to some speculation of a substrate borrowing. Alternatively reconstructed as a vṛddhi derivative of a sḱ-present verb:\n* *peyḱsḱ- (“something painted, spotted”), from *piḱ-sḱé-ti, from *peyḱ- (“to paint, mark; spotted”), compare semantics of Ancient Greek πέρκη (pérkē, “perch”), Old Irish erc (“perch”), Proto-Germanic *furhnō (“trout”), from Proto-Indo-European *perḱ- (“colored, speckled”);\n* *peytsḱ- (“something nourishing, food”), from *pit-sḱé-ti, from *péyh₂tu (“something fattening, nourishing”), cognate with Proto-Indo-Iranian *piHtú (“fat; food”), Proto-Slavic *piťa (“food”);\n* *peysḱ- (“something winged, finned”), cognate with Sanskrit पिच्छ (piccha, “tail feather, wing”), Czech pisk (“young feather”), perhaps further related to Proto-West Germanic *finnā (“fin”), Latin pinna (“wing, feather, fin”), from *(s)peyh₂-; also compare semantics of Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “feather, wing, fin”), Sanskrit पक्ष (pakṣa, “wing, fin”);\n* or *peysḱ- (“something soft tissued”), cognate with Sanskrit पिच्छ (piccha, “calf (of the leg)”), compare semantics of Proto-Slavic *jьkra (“fish roe; calf of leg”), Dutch kuit (“fish roe; calf of leg”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "péysks",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "péyskh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "péyskh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "péyskes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "péysk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "péyskh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "péyskh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "péyskes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "péyskm̥",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "péyskh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "péyskh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "péyskm̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "piskés",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "piskóHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "piskés",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "piskmós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "piskéy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "piskmós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "péysk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "péyski",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "pisksú",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "piskéh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "piskmís",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"f2nolink": "1",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*péysks",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "péysk",
"2": "pisk",
"ac": "amphikinetic"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/péysks",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"German terms with quotations",
"Proto-Indo-European amphikinetic root nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European terms borrowed from substrate languages",
"Proto-Indo-European terms derived from substrate languages",
"Proto-Indo-European terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Proto-Indo-European vrddhi derivatives",
"Undetermined terms with quotations",
"ine-pro:Fish"
],
"glosses": [
"fish"
],
"links": [
[
"fish",
"fish"
]
],
"qualifier": "West Indo-European",
"raw_glosses": [
"(West Indo-European) fish"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*dʰǵʰu-"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"de:Brian D. Joseph"
]
}
],
"word": "péysks"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (1b9bfc5 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.