See médʰu in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro",
"2": "*médu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian: *médu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian: *médu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒃻𒆸𒊏𒆯𒆯",
"t": "sweet bread",
"tr": "ᴺᴵᴺᴰᴬKUR₄.RA KU₇-KU₇",
"ts": "mitgaimi-",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Hittite: 𒃻𒆸𒊏𒆯𒆯 (ᴺᴵᴺᴰᴬKUR₄.RA KU₇-KU₇ /mitgaimi-/, “sweet bread”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "more likely borrowed from a Semitic source"
},
"expansion": "(more likely borrowed from a Semitic source)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": ">? Hittite: 𒃻𒆸𒊏𒆯𒆯 (ᴺᴵᴺᴰᴬKUR₄.RA KU₇-KU₇ /mitgaimi-/, “sweet bread”) (more likely borrowed from a Semitic source)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "akk",
"2": "mutqûm",
"alt": "𒃻𒈬𒌓𒆪𒌑",
"bor": "1",
"t": "sweet bread",
"tr": "mutqûm"
},
"expansion": "→ Akkadian: 𒃻𒈬𒌓𒆪𒌑 (mutqûm, “sweet bread”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Akkadian: 𒃻𒈬𒌓𒆪𒌑 (mutqûm, “sweet bread”) (possibly)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"2": "𒈪𒀉𒂵𒄿𒈪",
"t": "sweet(ened)",
"tr": "mi-it-ga-i-mi",
"ts": "mitgaimi-",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Luwian: 𒈪𒀉𒂵𒄿𒈪 (mi-it-ga-i-mi /mitgaimi-/, “sweet(ened)”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Luwian: 𒈪𒀉𒂵𒄿𒈪 (mi-it-ga-i-mi /mitgaimi-/, “sweet(ened)”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"2": "-",
"t": "wine"
},
"expansion": "Luwian: (“wine”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luwian: (“wine”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"2": "𒈠𒀜𒁺",
"sc": "Xsux",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "ma-ad-du",
"ts": "máddu"
},
"expansion": "Cuneiform script: 𒈠𒀜𒁺 (ma-ad-du /máddu/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cuneiform script: 𒈠𒀜𒁺 (ma-ad-du /máddu/)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"2": "𔒅𔕬𔑷",
"sc": "Hluw",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "ma-tú-sà"
},
"expansion": "Anatolian hieroglyphic script: 𔒅𔕬𔑷 (ma-tú-sà)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Anatolian hieroglyphic script: 𔒅𔕬𔑷 (ma-tú-sà), 𔒅𔑢𔑷 (ma-tu-sà /máddu-sa/)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro",
"2": "",
"alt": "*melu̍β̞i",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Armenian: *melu̍β̞i",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "< instr.pl. *medʰubʰi"
},
"expansion": "(< instr.pl. *medʰubʰi)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Armenian: *melu̍β̞i (< instr.pl. *medʰubʰi)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "մեղու"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: մեղու (mełu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: մեղու (mełu)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*médu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *médu",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *médu (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*medu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *medu",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *medu (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*meduz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *meduz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *meduz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xhc",
"2": "μέδος",
"bor": "1",
"t": "beverage akin to mead",
"tr": "médos",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Hunnic: μέδος (médos, “beverage akin to mead”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Hunnic: μέδος (médos, “beverage akin to mead”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*métʰu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *métʰu",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *métʰu (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*mádʰu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *mádʰu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *mádʰu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*mádʰu",
"t": "honey"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *mádʰu (“honey”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *mádʰu (“honey”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "मधु",
"tr": "mádhu"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: मधु (mádhu)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: मधु (mádhu) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*mádu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *mádu",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *mádu (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*bạl",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Proto-Turkic: *bạl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Proto-Turkic: *bạl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cau-nec-pro",
"2": "*mHädwV",
"bor": "1",
"t": "type of beverage; liquor"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Northeast Caucasian: *mHädwV (“type of beverage; liquor”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Northeast Caucasian: *mHädwV (“type of beverage; liquor”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro",
"2": "*ḿətə"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian: *ḿətə",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian: *ḿətə"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "mīt"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: mīt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: mīt"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "och-lat",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Late Old Chinese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Late Old Chinese: 蜜 (mit) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oui",
"2": "𐽹𐽶𐽾",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "mir"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Uyghur: 𐽹𐽶𐽾 (mir)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Uyghur: 𐽹𐽶𐽾 (mir)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "*mete",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Uralic: *mete",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Uralic: *mete (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ett",
"2": "𐌌𐌀𐌈𐌂𐌅𐌀",
"bor": "1",
"t": "(honeyed) wine, sweet wine"
},
"expansion": "→ Etruscan: 𐌌𐌀𐌈𐌂𐌅𐌀 (maθcva, “(honeyed) wine, sweet wine”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Etruscan: 𐌌𐌀𐌈𐌂𐌅𐌀 (maθcva, “(honeyed) wine, sweet wine”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sem-pro",
"2": "*matḳ-",
"t": "sweet"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Semitic *matḳ- (“sweet”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "cau-nec-pro",
"3": "*miʒʒV",
"t": "sweet"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Northeast Caucasian *miʒʒV (“sweet”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly related to Proto-Semitic *matḳ- (“sweet”), one suggestion is a borrowing through Proto-Northeast Caucasian *miʒʒV (“sweet”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "médʰu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "médʰwih₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "médʰuh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "médʰu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "médʰwih₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "médʰuh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "médʰu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "médʰwih₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "médʰuh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "m̥dʰéws",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "m̥dʰéwoHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "m̥dʰéws",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "m̥dʰúmos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "m̥dʰúbʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "m̥dʰéwey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "m̥dʰúmos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "m̥dʰúbʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "m̥dʰéw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "m̥dʰéwi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "m̥dʰúsu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "m̥dʰúh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "m̥dʰúmis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "m̥dʰúbʰis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"f2nolink": "1",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*médʰu n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "médʰu",
"2": "m̥dʰéw",
"ac": "proterokinetic"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-n"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/médʰu",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"honey"
],
"id": "en-médʰu-ine-pro-noun-pV4uOEal",
"links": [
[
"honey",
"honey"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*kn̥h₂ónks"
},
{
"word": "*mélit"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 99",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 99",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 99",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"english": "bear",
"sense": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *medwḗˀdis (from an earlier *médu-ēˀd-is)",
"tags": [
"Proto-Slavic"
],
"word": "medvědь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"english": "honey-eater",
"roman": "madhvád",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *madʰuHád",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit"
],
"word": "मध्वद्"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"sense": "Middle Irish: medb, Medb",
"word": "→ English: Maeve"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"sense": "Proto-Celtic: *medwos; Welsh",
"word": "meddw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"english": "alcohol",
"sense": "Proto-Tocharian",
"word": "mot"
}
],
"glosses": [
"honey wine, mead"
],
"id": "en-médʰu-ine-pro-noun-kEyG9gMC",
"links": [
[
"honey wine",
"honey wine"
],
[
"mead",
"mead"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Mate Kapović",
"Nikolai Starostin",
"de:Brian D. Joseph",
"ru:Старостин, Георгий Сергеевич"
],
"word": "médʰu"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European neuter nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European proterokinetic neuter u-stem nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European terms borrowed from Proto-Northeast Caucasian",
"Proto-Indo-European terms derived from Proto-Northeast Caucasian",
"Requests for date"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "bear",
"sense": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *medwḗˀdis (from an earlier *médu-ēˀd-is)",
"tags": [
"Proto-Slavic"
],
"word": "medvědь"
},
{
"english": "honey-eater",
"roman": "madhvád",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *madʰuHád",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit"
],
"word": "मध्वद्"
},
{
"sense": "Middle Irish: medb, Medb",
"word": "→ English: Maeve"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Celtic: *medwos; Welsh",
"word": "meddw"
},
{
"english": "alcohol",
"sense": "Proto-Tocharian",
"word": "mot"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro",
"2": "*médu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian: *médu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian: *médu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒃻𒆸𒊏𒆯𒆯",
"t": "sweet bread",
"tr": "ᴺᴵᴺᴰᴬKUR₄.RA KU₇-KU₇",
"ts": "mitgaimi-",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Hittite: 𒃻𒆸𒊏𒆯𒆯 (ᴺᴵᴺᴰᴬKUR₄.RA KU₇-KU₇ /mitgaimi-/, “sweet bread”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "more likely borrowed from a Semitic source"
},
"expansion": "(more likely borrowed from a Semitic source)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": ">? Hittite: 𒃻𒆸𒊏𒆯𒆯 (ᴺᴵᴺᴰᴬKUR₄.RA KU₇-KU₇ /mitgaimi-/, “sweet bread”) (more likely borrowed from a Semitic source)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "akk",
"2": "mutqûm",
"alt": "𒃻𒈬𒌓𒆪𒌑",
"bor": "1",
"t": "sweet bread",
"tr": "mutqûm"
},
"expansion": "→ Akkadian: 𒃻𒈬𒌓𒆪𒌑 (mutqûm, “sweet bread”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Akkadian: 𒃻𒈬𒌓𒆪𒌑 (mutqûm, “sweet bread”) (possibly)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"2": "𒈪𒀉𒂵𒄿𒈪",
"t": "sweet(ened)",
"tr": "mi-it-ga-i-mi",
"ts": "mitgaimi-",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Luwian: 𒈪𒀉𒂵𒄿𒈪 (mi-it-ga-i-mi /mitgaimi-/, “sweet(ened)”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Luwian: 𒈪𒀉𒂵𒄿𒈪 (mi-it-ga-i-mi /mitgaimi-/, “sweet(ened)”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"2": "-",
"t": "wine"
},
"expansion": "Luwian: (“wine”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luwian: (“wine”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"2": "𒈠𒀜𒁺",
"sc": "Xsux",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "ma-ad-du",
"ts": "máddu"
},
"expansion": "Cuneiform script: 𒈠𒀜𒁺 (ma-ad-du /máddu/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cuneiform script: 𒈠𒀜𒁺 (ma-ad-du /máddu/)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"2": "𔒅𔕬𔑷",
"sc": "Hluw",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "ma-tú-sà"
},
"expansion": "Anatolian hieroglyphic script: 𔒅𔕬𔑷 (ma-tú-sà)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Anatolian hieroglyphic script: 𔒅𔕬𔑷 (ma-tú-sà), 𔒅𔑢𔑷 (ma-tu-sà /máddu-sa/)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro",
"2": "",
"alt": "*melu̍β̞i",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Armenian: *melu̍β̞i",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "< instr.pl. *medʰubʰi"
},
"expansion": "(< instr.pl. *medʰubʰi)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Armenian: *melu̍β̞i (< instr.pl. *medʰubʰi)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "մեղու"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: մեղու (mełu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: մեղու (mełu)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*médu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *médu",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *médu (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*medu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *medu",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *medu (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*meduz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *meduz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *meduz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xhc",
"2": "μέδος",
"bor": "1",
"t": "beverage akin to mead",
"tr": "médos",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Hunnic: μέδος (médos, “beverage akin to mead”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Hunnic: μέδος (médos, “beverage akin to mead”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*métʰu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *métʰu",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *métʰu (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*mádʰu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *mádʰu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *mádʰu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*mádʰu",
"t": "honey"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *mádʰu (“honey”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *mádʰu (“honey”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "मधु",
"tr": "mádhu"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: मधु (mádhu)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: मधु (mádhu) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*mádu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *mádu",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *mádu (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*bạl",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Proto-Turkic: *bạl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Proto-Turkic: *bạl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cau-nec-pro",
"2": "*mHädwV",
"bor": "1",
"t": "type of beverage; liquor"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Northeast Caucasian: *mHädwV (“type of beverage; liquor”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Northeast Caucasian: *mHädwV (“type of beverage; liquor”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro",
"2": "*ḿətə"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian: *ḿətə",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian: *ḿətə"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "mīt"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: mīt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: mīt"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "och-lat",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Late Old Chinese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Late Old Chinese: 蜜 (mit) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oui",
"2": "𐽹𐽶𐽾",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "mir"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Uyghur: 𐽹𐽶𐽾 (mir)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Uyghur: 𐽹𐽶𐽾 (mir)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "*mete",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Uralic: *mete",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Uralic: *mete (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ett",
"2": "𐌌𐌀𐌈𐌂𐌅𐌀",
"bor": "1",
"t": "(honeyed) wine, sweet wine"
},
"expansion": "→ Etruscan: 𐌌𐌀𐌈𐌂𐌅𐌀 (maθcva, “(honeyed) wine, sweet wine”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Etruscan: 𐌌𐌀𐌈𐌂𐌅𐌀 (maθcva, “(honeyed) wine, sweet wine”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sem-pro",
"2": "*matḳ-",
"t": "sweet"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Semitic *matḳ- (“sweet”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "cau-nec-pro",
"3": "*miʒʒV",
"t": "sweet"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Northeast Caucasian *miʒʒV (“sweet”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly related to Proto-Semitic *matḳ- (“sweet”), one suggestion is a borrowing through Proto-Northeast Caucasian *miʒʒV (“sweet”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "médʰu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "médʰwih₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "médʰuh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "médʰu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "médʰwih₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "médʰuh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "médʰu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "médʰwih₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "médʰuh₂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "m̥dʰéws",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "m̥dʰéwoHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "m̥dʰéws",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "m̥dʰúmos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "m̥dʰúbʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "m̥dʰéwey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "m̥dʰúmos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "m̥dʰúbʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "m̥dʰéw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "m̥dʰéwi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "m̥dʰúsu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "m̥dʰúh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "m̥dʰúmis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "m̥dʰúbʰis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"f2nolink": "1",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*médʰu n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "médʰu",
"2": "m̥dʰéw",
"ac": "proterokinetic"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-n"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/médʰu",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"ine-pro:Bees",
"ine-pro:Foods"
],
"glosses": [
"honey"
],
"links": [
[
"honey",
"honey"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*kn̥h₂ónks"
},
{
"word": "*mélit"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"ine-pro:Alcoholic beverages",
"ine-pro:Zymurgy"
],
"glosses": [
"honey wine, mead"
],
"links": [
[
"honey wine",
"honey wine"
],
[
"mead",
"mead"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Mate Kapović",
"Nikolai Starostin",
"de:Brian D. Joseph",
"ru:Старостин, Георгий Сергеевич"
],
"word": "médʰu"
}
Download raw JSONL data for médʰu meaning in Proto-Indo-European (11.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.