See kʷetwóres in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-Albanian",
"lang_code": "sqj-pro",
"word": "*kátur"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lycian",
"lang_code": "xlc",
"roman": "teteri",
"word": "𐊗𐊁𐊗𐊁𐊕𐊆"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Anatolian",
"lang_code": "ine-ana-pro",
"word": "*gʷetʷóres"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"roman": "čʻors",
"word": "չորս"
}
],
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"lang_code": "xcl",
"roman": "čʻorkʻ",
"word": "չորք"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Armenian",
"lang_code": "hyx-pro"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"lang_code": "xcl",
"roman": "kʻaṙ",
"word": "քառ"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Armenian",
"lang_code": "hyx-pro",
"word": "*kʷtwr̥-"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "ine-bsl-pro",
"word": "*ketū́res"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"word": "*kʷetwores"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"word": "*fedwōr"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Hellenic",
"lang_code": "grk-pro",
"word": "*kʷétwores"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"word": "*čatwā́ras"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Italic",
"lang_code": "itc-pro",
"word": "*kʷettwōr"
},
{
"lang": "Lusitanian",
"lang_code": "xls",
"word": "petranioi"
},
{
"lang": "Phrygian",
"lang_code": "xpg",
"roman": "dithur-",
"word": "διθυρ-"
},
{
"lang": "Phrygian",
"lang_code": "xpg",
"roman": "thidra-",
"word": "θιδρα-"
},
{
"lang": "Thracian",
"lang_code": "txh",
"word": "ketri-"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Tocharian",
"lang_code": "ine-toc-pro",
"word": "*ćätwerä"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Considering PIE morpheme structure, *kʷetwor- has too many consonants to be a true primitive morpheme. Tentatively, the feminine stem could point to an elemental \"four\" of the shape **kʷet- or **kʷetu-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetwóres",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetwóres",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetwórm̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷeturóHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetwr̥mós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetwr̥bʰós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetwr̥mós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetwr̥bʰós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetwr̥sú",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetwr̥mís",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetwr̥bʰís",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷétesres",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷétesres",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷétesrm̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetesróHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetesr̥mós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetesr̥bʰós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetesr̥mós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetesr̥bʰós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetesr̥sú",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetesr̥mís",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetesr̥bʰís",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetwṓr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetwṓr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetwṓr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "numeral"
},
"expansion": "*kʷetwóres",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kʷetwór",
"2": "kʷetwr̥",
"3": "kʷétesr̥",
"4": "kʷetesr̥",
"ac": "amphikinetic",
"n": "p"
},
"name": "ine-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kʷetwóres",
"pos": "num",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "compounds",
"translation": "compounds",
"word": "kʷetwr̥-"
},
{
"word": "kʷetwr̥tós"
}
],
"glosses": [
"four"
],
"head_nr": 2,
"id": "en-kʷetwóres-ine-pro-num-BO-vCA9a",
"links": [
[
"four",
"four"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kʷetwóres"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "compounds",
"translation": "compounds",
"word": "kʷetwr̥-"
},
{
"word": "kʷetwr̥tós"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-Albanian",
"lang_code": "sqj-pro",
"word": "*kátur"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lycian",
"lang_code": "xlc",
"roman": "teteri",
"word": "𐊗𐊁𐊗𐊁𐊕𐊆"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Anatolian",
"lang_code": "ine-ana-pro",
"word": "*gʷetʷóres"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"roman": "čʻors",
"word": "չորս"
}
],
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"lang_code": "xcl",
"roman": "čʻorkʻ",
"word": "չորք"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Armenian",
"lang_code": "hyx-pro"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"lang_code": "xcl",
"roman": "kʻaṙ",
"word": "քառ"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Armenian",
"lang_code": "hyx-pro",
"word": "*kʷtwr̥-"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "ine-bsl-pro",
"word": "*ketū́res"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"word": "*kʷetwores"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"word": "*fedwōr"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Hellenic",
"lang_code": "grk-pro",
"word": "*kʷétwores"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"word": "*čatwā́ras"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Italic",
"lang_code": "itc-pro",
"word": "*kʷettwōr"
},
{
"lang": "Lusitanian",
"lang_code": "xls",
"word": "petranioi"
},
{
"lang": "Phrygian",
"lang_code": "xpg",
"roman": "dithur-",
"word": "διθυρ-"
},
{
"lang": "Phrygian",
"lang_code": "xpg",
"roman": "thidra-",
"word": "θιδρα-"
},
{
"lang": "Thracian",
"lang_code": "txh",
"word": "ketri-"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Tocharian",
"lang_code": "ine-toc-pro",
"word": "*ćätwerä"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Considering PIE morpheme structure, *kʷetwor- has too many consonants to be a true primitive morpheme. Tentatively, the feminine stem could point to an elemental \"four\" of the shape **kʷet- or **kʷetu-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetwóres",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetwóres",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetwórm̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷeturóHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetwr̥mós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetwr̥bʰós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetwr̥mós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetwr̥bʰós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetwr̥sú",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetwr̥mís",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetwr̥bʰís",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷétesres",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷétesres",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷétesrm̥s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetesróHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetesr̥mós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetesr̥bʰós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetesr̥mós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetesr̥bʰós",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetesr̥sú",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetesr̥mís",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetesr̥bʰís",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetwṓr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetwṓr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kʷetwṓr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "numeral"
},
"expansion": "*kʷetwóres",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kʷetwór",
"2": "kʷetwr̥",
"3": "kʷétesr̥",
"4": "kʷetesr̥",
"ac": "amphikinetic",
"n": "p"
},
"name": "ine-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kʷetwóres",
"pos": "num",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European amphikinetic adjectives",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European numerals"
],
"glosses": [
"four"
],
"head_nr": 2,
"links": [
[
"four",
"four"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kʷetwóres"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kʷetwóres meaning in Proto-Indo-European (5.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (ffdbfc3 and b9346a0). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.