See dʰóyǵʰos in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "դէզ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: դէզ (dēz)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "or from *dʰéyǵʰ-os"
},
"expansion": "(or from *dʰéyǵʰ-os)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: դէզ (dēz) (or from *dʰéyǵʰ-os)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*daigaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *daigaz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *daigaz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*tóikʰos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *tóikʰos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *tóikʰos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmy",
"2": "𐀵𐀒𐀈𐀗",
"ts": "toikʰo-domos"
},
"expansion": "Mycenaean Greek: 𐀵𐀒𐀈𐀗 (to-ko-do-mo /toikʰo-domos/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mycenaean Greek: 𐀵𐀒𐀈𐀗 (to-ko-do-mo /toikʰo-domos/)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τοῖχος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: τοῖχος (toîkhos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: τοῖχος (toîkhos)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "τοίχος"
},
"expansion": "Greek: τοίχος (toíchos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: τοίχος (toíchos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*dʰáyȷ́ʰas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dʰáyȷ́ʰas",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dʰáyȷ́ʰas (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*feiɣos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *feiɣos",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with e-grade from *dʰéyǵʰ-os"
},
"expansion": "(with e-grade from *dʰéyǵʰ-os)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *feiɣos (with e-grade from *dʰéyǵʰ-os)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xfa",
"2": "𐌚𐌄𐌝𐌇𐌞𐌔𐌔",
"pos": "acc.pl."
},
"expansion": "Faliscan: 𐌚𐌄𐌝𐌇𐌞𐌔𐌔 (feíhúss, acc.pl.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faliscan: 𐌚𐌄𐌝𐌇𐌞𐌔𐌔 (feíhúss, acc.pl.), 𐌚𐌄𐌝𐌇𐌞𐌉𐌔 (feíhúis, abl.pl.)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "af",
"3": "*dʰeyǵʰ->knead",
"4": "*-os>thematic",
"id": "kneaded"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dʰeyǵʰ-",
"3": "*-os",
"id2": "thematic",
"pos2": "action noun suffix",
"t1": "to knead, form"
},
"expansion": "*dʰeyǵʰ- (“to knead, form”) + *-os (action noun suffix)",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *dʰeyǵʰ- (“to knead, form”) + *-os (action noun suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰoes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰoes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰoms",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰosyo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰoHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰead",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰomos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰobʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰoey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰomos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰobʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰoy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰoysu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰōys",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"f2nolink": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*dʰóyǵʰos m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dʰóyǵʰo"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰóyǵʰos",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *dʰeyǵʰ-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-os (thematic)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"something that is kneaded, formed"
],
"id": "en-dʰóyǵʰos-ine-pro-noun-rIP7AQ0Z",
"links": [
[
"kneaded",
"kneaded"
],
[
"formed",
"formed"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "dʰóyǵʰos"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "դէզ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: դէզ (dēz)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "or from *dʰéyǵʰ-os"
},
"expansion": "(or from *dʰéyǵʰ-os)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: դէզ (dēz) (or from *dʰéyǵʰ-os)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*daigaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *daigaz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *daigaz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*tóikʰos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *tóikʰos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *tóikʰos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmy",
"2": "𐀵𐀒𐀈𐀗",
"ts": "toikʰo-domos"
},
"expansion": "Mycenaean Greek: 𐀵𐀒𐀈𐀗 (to-ko-do-mo /toikʰo-domos/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mycenaean Greek: 𐀵𐀒𐀈𐀗 (to-ko-do-mo /toikʰo-domos/)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τοῖχος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: τοῖχος (toîkhos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: τοῖχος (toîkhos)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "τοίχος"
},
"expansion": "Greek: τοίχος (toíchos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: τοίχος (toíchos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*dʰáyȷ́ʰas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dʰáyȷ́ʰas",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dʰáyȷ́ʰas (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*feiɣos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *feiɣos",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with e-grade from *dʰéyǵʰ-os"
},
"expansion": "(with e-grade from *dʰéyǵʰ-os)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *feiɣos (with e-grade from *dʰéyǵʰ-os)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xfa",
"2": "𐌚𐌄𐌝𐌇𐌞𐌔𐌔",
"pos": "acc.pl."
},
"expansion": "Faliscan: 𐌚𐌄𐌝𐌇𐌞𐌔𐌔 (feíhúss, acc.pl.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faliscan: 𐌚𐌄𐌝𐌇𐌞𐌔𐌔 (feíhúss, acc.pl.), 𐌚𐌄𐌝𐌇𐌞𐌉𐌔 (feíhúis, abl.pl.)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "af",
"3": "*dʰeyǵʰ->knead",
"4": "*-os>thematic",
"id": "kneaded"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dʰeyǵʰ-",
"3": "*-os",
"id2": "thematic",
"pos2": "action noun suffix",
"t1": "to knead, form"
},
"expansion": "*dʰeyǵʰ- (“to knead, form”) + *-os (action noun suffix)",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *dʰeyǵʰ- (“to knead, form”) + *-os (action noun suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰoes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰoes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰoms",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰosyo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰoHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰead",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰomos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰobʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰoey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰomos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰobʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰoy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰoysu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰóyǵʰōys",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"f2nolink": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*dʰóyǵʰos m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dʰóyǵʰo"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰóyǵʰos",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European masculine nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *dʰeyǵʰ-",
"Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-os (thematic)",
"Proto-Indo-European thematic o-stem nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"something that is kneaded, formed"
],
"links": [
[
"kneaded",
"kneaded"
],
[
"formed",
"formed"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "dʰóyǵʰos"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dʰóyǵʰos meaning in Proto-Indo-European (6.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-07-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-07-01 using wiktextract (45c4a21 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.