See bʰébʰrus in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "ine-bsl-pro",
"word": "*bébrus"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Breton",
"lang_code": "obt",
"word": "beuer"
},
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "befer"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
"lang_code": "cel-bry-pro"
},
{
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"word": "Bibar"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "Bibracte"
}
],
"lang": "Late Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "beber"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"word": "*bebrus"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"word": "*bebruz"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"word": "*bʰábʰruš"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"word": "fiber"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Italic",
"lang_code": "itc-pro",
"word": "*febros"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "af",
"3": "*bʰerH->brown",
"4": "*-us>",
"id": "beaver"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from *bʰerH- (“brown”) via a reduplicated form *bʰebʰr(H)-, although Ringe (2006:106) doubts that such a word existed.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bʰébʰr-",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰébʰrus",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰébʰruh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰébʰruh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰébʰrewes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰébʰru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰébʰruh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰébʰruh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰébʰrewes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰébʰrum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰébʰruh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰébʰruh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰébʰrums",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰebʰréws",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰebʰréwoHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰebʰréws",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰebʰrúmos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰebʰrúbʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰebʰréwey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰebʰrúmos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰebʰrúbʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰebʰréw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰebʰréwi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰebʰrúsu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰebʰrúh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰebʰrúmis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰebʰrúbʰis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "oblique stem",
"6": "*bʰébʰr-",
"f2nolink": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*bʰébʰrus m (oblique stem *bʰébʰr-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bʰébʰru",
"2": "bʰebʰréw",
"ac": "proterokinetic"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰébʰrus",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European reduplications",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *bʰerH- (brown)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beaver"
],
"id": "en-bʰébʰrus-ine-pro-noun-cdokjGBJ",
"links": [
[
"beaver",
"beaver"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "bʰébʰrus"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "ine-bsl-pro",
"word": "*bébrus"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Breton",
"lang_code": "obt",
"word": "beuer"
},
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "befer"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
"lang_code": "cel-bry-pro"
},
{
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"word": "Bibar"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "Bibracte"
}
],
"lang": "Late Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "beber"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"word": "*bebrus"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"word": "*bebruz"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"word": "*bʰábʰruš"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"word": "fiber"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Italic",
"lang_code": "itc-pro",
"word": "*febros"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "af",
"3": "*bʰerH->brown",
"4": "*-us>",
"id": "beaver"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from *bʰerH- (“brown”) via a reduplicated form *bʰebʰr(H)-, although Ringe (2006:106) doubts that such a word existed.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bʰébʰr-",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰébʰrus",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰébʰruh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰébʰruh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰébʰrewes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰébʰru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰébʰruh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰébʰruh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰébʰrewes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰébʰrum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰébʰruh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰébʰruh₁e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰébʰrums",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰebʰréws",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰebʰréwoHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰebʰréws",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰebʰrúmos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰebʰrúbʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰebʰréwey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰebʰrúmos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰebʰrúbʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰebʰréw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰebʰréwi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰebʰrúsu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰebʰrúh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰebʰrúmis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bʰebʰrúbʰis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "oblique stem",
"6": "*bʰébʰr-",
"f2nolink": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*bʰébʰrus m (oblique stem *bʰébʰr-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bʰébʰru",
"2": "bʰebʰréw",
"ac": "proterokinetic"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰébʰrus",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European masculine nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European proterokinetic root nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European reduplications",
"Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *bʰerH- (brown)",
"ine-pro:Rodents"
],
"glosses": [
"beaver"
],
"links": [
[
"beaver",
"beaver"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "bʰébʰrus"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bʰébʰrus meaning in Proto-Indo-European (5.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (ffdbfc3 and b9346a0). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.