See -kʷe in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for -kʷe meaning in Proto-Indo-European (5.5kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*dže"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *dže\nAlbanian: dhe",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *dže\nAlbanian: dhe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro",
"2": "*-ku"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian: *-ku",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian: *-ku"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒊌𒆪",
"tr": "uk-ku",
"ts": "(=k)ku"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: 𒊌𒆪 (uk-ku /(=k)ku/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: 𒊌𒆪 (uk-ku /(=k)ku/)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"2": "𒆪",
"tr": "ku"
},
"expansion": "Luwian: 𒆪 (ku)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luwian: 𒆪 (ku)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "plq",
"2": "𒆪",
"tr": "ku"
},
"expansion": "Palaic: 𒆪 (ku)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Palaic: 𒆪 (ku)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Armenian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "-եք"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: -եք (-ekʻ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: -եք (-ekʻ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*-kʷe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *-kʷe",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *-kʷe (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-hw"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *-hw",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *-hw (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*-kʷe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *-kʷe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *-kʷe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τε"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: τε (te)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: τε (te)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmy",
"2": "𐀤",
"ts": "-kʷe"
},
"expansion": "Mycenaean Greek: 𐀤 (qe /-kʷe/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mycenaean Greek: 𐀤 (qe /-kʷe/)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*-ča"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-ča",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-ča (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*-kʷe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *-kʷe",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *-kʷe (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpg",
"2": "κε"
},
"expansion": "Phrygian: κε (ke)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Phrygian: κε (ke)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*tśe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *tśe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "(perhaps) Proto-Albanian: *tśe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "s-"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: s-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: s- / -s (“not”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*es-ke",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic: *es-ke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic: *es-ke"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*(j)ešče",
"alt": "*(j)eš-če",
"t": "yet, still"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *(j)eš-če (“yet, still”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁es-",
"3": "*-kʷe",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "to be"
},
"expansion": "*h₁es- (“to be”) + *-kʷe",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly a compound of <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ine-pro\">*h₁es-</i> (“to be”) + <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ine-pro\">*-kʷe</i>"
},
"expansion": "(possibly a compound of *h₁es- (“to be”) + *-kʷe)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *(j)eš-če (“yet, still”) (possibly a compound of *h₁es- (“to be”) + *-kʷe) (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See *kʷis.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "conjunction",
"cat2": "enclitics"
},
"expansion": "*-kʷe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-kʷe",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "*-wē"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the sheep and the horses (literally, “[the] sheep [the] horses-and”)",
"text": "h₂ówis *h₁éḱwōskʷe",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"and"
],
"id": "en--kʷe-ine-pro-conj-YgERG4Og",
"links": [
[
"and",
"and"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European enclitics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms distributives from interrogatives."
],
"id": "en--kʷe-ine-pro-conj-2u7EXfPL",
"links": [
[
"distributive",
"distributive#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-kʷe"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European conjunctions",
"Proto-Indo-European enclitics",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*dže"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *dže\nAlbanian: dhe",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *dže\nAlbanian: dhe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro",
"2": "*-ku"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian: *-ku",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian: *-ku"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒊌𒆪",
"tr": "uk-ku",
"ts": "(=k)ku"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: 𒊌𒆪 (uk-ku /(=k)ku/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: 𒊌𒆪 (uk-ku /(=k)ku/)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"2": "𒆪",
"tr": "ku"
},
"expansion": "Luwian: 𒆪 (ku)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luwian: 𒆪 (ku)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "plq",
"2": "𒆪",
"tr": "ku"
},
"expansion": "Palaic: 𒆪 (ku)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Palaic: 𒆪 (ku)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Armenian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "-եք"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: -եք (-ekʻ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: -եք (-ekʻ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*-kʷe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *-kʷe",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *-kʷe (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-hw"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *-hw",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *-hw (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*-kʷe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *-kʷe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *-kʷe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τε"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: τε (te)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: τε (te)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmy",
"2": "𐀤",
"ts": "-kʷe"
},
"expansion": "Mycenaean Greek: 𐀤 (qe /-kʷe/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mycenaean Greek: 𐀤 (qe /-kʷe/)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*-ča"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-ča",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-ča (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*-kʷe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *-kʷe",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *-kʷe (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpg",
"2": "κε"
},
"expansion": "Phrygian: κε (ke)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Phrygian: κε (ke)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*tśe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *tśe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "(perhaps) Proto-Albanian: *tśe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "s-"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: s-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: s- / -s (“not”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*es-ke",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic: *es-ke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic: *es-ke"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*(j)ešče",
"alt": "*(j)eš-če",
"t": "yet, still"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *(j)eš-če (“yet, still”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁es-",
"3": "*-kʷe",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "to be"
},
"expansion": "*h₁es- (“to be”) + *-kʷe",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly a compound of <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ine-pro\">*h₁es-</i> (“to be”) + <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ine-pro\">*-kʷe</i>"
},
"expansion": "(possibly a compound of *h₁es- (“to be”) + *-kʷe)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *(j)eš-če (“yet, still”) (possibly a compound of *h₁es- (“to be”) + *-kʷe) (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See *kʷis.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "conjunction",
"cat2": "enclitics"
},
"expansion": "*-kʷe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-kʷe",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "*-wē"
}
],
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the sheep and the horses (literally, “[the] sheep [the] horses-and”)",
"text": "h₂ówis *h₁éḱwōskʷe",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"and"
],
"links": [
[
"and",
"and"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Forms distributives from interrogatives."
],
"links": [
[
"distributive",
"distributive#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-kʷe"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (9d9fc81 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.