See -kʷe on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*dže"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *dže\nAlbanian: dhe",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *dže\nAlbanian: dhe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro",
"2": "*-ku"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian: *-ku",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian: *-ku"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒊌𒆪",
"tr": "uk-ku",
"ts": "(=k)ku"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: 𒊌𒆪 (uk-ku /(=k)ku/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: 𒊌𒆪 (uk-ku /(=k)ku/)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"2": "𒆪",
"tr": "ku"
},
"expansion": "Luwian: 𒆪 (ku)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luwian: 𒆪 (ku)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "plq",
"2": "𒆪",
"tr": "ku"
},
"expansion": "Palaic: 𒆪 (ku)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Palaic: 𒆪 (ku)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Armenian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "-եք"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: -եք (-ekʻ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: -եք (-ekʻ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*-kʷe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *-kʷe",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *-kʷe (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-hw"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *-hw",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *-hw (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*-kʷe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *-kʷe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *-kʷe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τε"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: τε (te)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: τε (te)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmy",
"2": "𐀤",
"ts": "-kʷe"
},
"expansion": "Mycenaean Greek: 𐀤 (qe /-kʷe/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mycenaean Greek: 𐀤 (qe /-kʷe/)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*-ča"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-ča",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-ča (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "< *-skʷe"
},
"expansion": "(< *-skʷe)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: (< *-skʷe)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa-ved",
"alt": "-श्च"
},
"expansion": "Vedic Sanskrit: -श्च (-śca)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "in fixed expressions like <i class=\"Deva mention\" lang=\"sa\">वाय॒व् इन्द्र॑श्च</i> (vā́yav índraśca, “Oh Vāyu and Indra”)"
},
"expansion": "(in fixed expressions like वाय॒व् इन्द्र॑श्च (vā́yav índraśca, “Oh Vāyu and Indra”))",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Vedic Sanskrit: -श्च (-śca) (in fixed expressions like वाय॒व् इन्द्र॑श्च (vā́yav índraśca, “Oh Vāyu and Indra”))"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*-kʷe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *-kʷe",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *-kʷe (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpg",
"2": "κε"
},
"expansion": "Phrygian: κε (ke)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Phrygian: κε (ke)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*tśe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *tśe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "(perhaps) Proto-Albanian: *tśe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "s-"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: s-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: s- / -s (“not”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*es-ke",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic: *es-ke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic: *es-ke"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*(j)ešče",
"alt": "*(j)eš-če",
"t": "yet, still"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *(j)eš-če (“yet, still”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁es-",
"3": "*-kʷe",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "to be"
},
"expansion": "*h₁es- (“to be”) + *-kʷe",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly a compound of <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ine-pro\">*h₁es-</i> (“to be”) + <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ine-pro\">*-kʷe</i>"
},
"expansion": "(possibly a compound of *h₁es- (“to be”) + *-kʷe)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *(j)eš-če (“yet, still”) (possibly a compound of *h₁es- (“to be”) + *-kʷe) (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"id": "and"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Dunkel suggests *-skʷe is the older form, coming from (an old injunctive of) *sekʷ- (“to follow”). Szeremenyi derives *-kʷe from an instrumental *kʷe-h₁ of *kʷís ~ *kʷós. Dunkel gives this *kʷeh₁ as the origin for the distributive meaning.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-kʷe",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-skʷe",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "conjunction",
"cat2": "enclitics",
"head2": "*-skʷe"
},
"expansion": "*-kʷe or *-skʷe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-kʷe",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: *-we (“or”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"and"
],
"id": "en--kʷe-ine-pro-conj-YgERG4Og",
"links": [
[
"and",
"and"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 50 0 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 50 0 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European enclitics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms distributives from interrogatives."
],
"id": "en--kʷe-ine-pro-conj-2u7EXfPL",
"links": [
[
"distributive",
"distributive#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme"
],
"word": "-kʷe"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xfa",
"2": "-𐌂𐌖𐌄"
},
"expansion": "Faliscan: -𐌂𐌖𐌄 (-cue)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faliscan: -𐌂𐌖𐌄 (-cue)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-ola",
"2": "-que",
"alt": "-𐌒𐌖𐌄"
},
"expansion": "Old Latin: -𐌒𐌖𐌄",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Latin: -𐌒𐌖𐌄"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-que"
},
"expansion": "Latin: -que",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: -que"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osc",
"2": "-𐌐",
"3": "-𐌐𐌄"
},
"expansion": "Oscan: -𐌐 (-p), -𐌐𐌄 (-pe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Oscan: -𐌐 (-p), -𐌐𐌄 (-pe)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xum",
"2": "-𐌐"
},
"expansion": "Umbrian: -𐌐 (-p)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Umbrian: -𐌐 (-p)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "(possibly) Venetic: -𐌊𐌅𐌄 (-kve)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-kʷe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-kʷe",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *-kʷe.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-kʷe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Italic",
"lang_code": "itc-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-kʷe",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"and"
],
"id": "en--kʷe-itc-pro-suffix-YgERG4Og",
"links": [
[
"and",
"and"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*et"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 50 0 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 50 0 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Italic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms distributives from interrogatives."
],
"id": "en--kʷe-itc-pro-suffix-2u7EXfPL",
"links": [
[
"distributive",
"distributive#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-kʷe"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "-ch-"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: -ch-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: -ch-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xce",
"2": "-kue"
},
"expansion": "Celtiberian: -kue",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Celtiberian: -kue"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlp",
"2": "𐌐𐌄"
},
"expansion": "Lepontic: 𐌐𐌄 (pe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lepontic: 𐌐𐌄 (pe)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-kʷe",
"t": "and"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-kʷe (“and”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-que"
},
"expansion": "Latin -que",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τε"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek τε (te)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *-kʷe (“and”). Cognate with Latin -que and Ancient Greek τε (te).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "conjunction",
"cat2": "enclitics"
},
"expansion": "*-kʷe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/-kʷe",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Celtic enclitics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"and"
],
"id": "en--kʷe-cel-pro-conj-YgERG4Og",
"links": [
[
"and",
"and"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "-kʷe"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "-ch-"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: -ch-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: -ch-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xce",
"2": "-kue"
},
"expansion": "Celtiberian: -kue",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Celtiberian: -kue"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlp",
"2": "𐌐𐌄"
},
"expansion": "Lepontic: 𐌐𐌄 (pe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lepontic: 𐌐𐌄 (pe)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-kʷe",
"t": "and"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-kʷe (“and”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-que"
},
"expansion": "Latin -que",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τε"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek τε (te)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *-kʷe (“and”). Cognate with Latin -que and Ancient Greek τε (te).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "conjunction",
"cat2": "enclitics"
},
"expansion": "*-kʷe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/-kʷe",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Celtic conjunctions",
"Proto-Celtic enclitics",
"Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Celtic lemmas",
"Proto-Celtic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Celtic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"and"
],
"links": [
[
"and",
"and"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "-kʷe"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European conjunctions",
"Proto-Indo-European enclitics",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*dže"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *dže\nAlbanian: dhe",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *dže\nAlbanian: dhe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro",
"2": "*-ku"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian: *-ku",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian: *-ku"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒊌𒆪",
"tr": "uk-ku",
"ts": "(=k)ku"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: 𒊌𒆪 (uk-ku /(=k)ku/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: 𒊌𒆪 (uk-ku /(=k)ku/)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"2": "𒆪",
"tr": "ku"
},
"expansion": "Luwian: 𒆪 (ku)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luwian: 𒆪 (ku)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "plq",
"2": "𒆪",
"tr": "ku"
},
"expansion": "Palaic: 𒆪 (ku)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Palaic: 𒆪 (ku)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Armenian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "-եք"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: -եք (-ekʻ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: -եք (-ekʻ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*-kʷe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *-kʷe",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *-kʷe (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-hw"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *-hw",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *-hw (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*-kʷe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *-kʷe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *-kʷe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τε"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: τε (te)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: τε (te)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmy",
"2": "𐀤",
"ts": "-kʷe"
},
"expansion": "Mycenaean Greek: 𐀤 (qe /-kʷe/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mycenaean Greek: 𐀤 (qe /-kʷe/)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*-ča"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-ča",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-ča (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "< *-skʷe"
},
"expansion": "(< *-skʷe)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: (< *-skʷe)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa-ved",
"alt": "-श्च"
},
"expansion": "Vedic Sanskrit: -श्च (-śca)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "in fixed expressions like <i class=\"Deva mention\" lang=\"sa\">वाय॒व् इन्द्र॑श्च</i> (vā́yav índraśca, “Oh Vāyu and Indra”)"
},
"expansion": "(in fixed expressions like वाय॒व् इन्द्र॑श्च (vā́yav índraśca, “Oh Vāyu and Indra”))",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Vedic Sanskrit: -श्च (-śca) (in fixed expressions like वाय॒व् इन्द्र॑श्च (vā́yav índraśca, “Oh Vāyu and Indra”))"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*-kʷe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *-kʷe",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *-kʷe (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpg",
"2": "κε"
},
"expansion": "Phrygian: κε (ke)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Phrygian: κε (ke)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*tśe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *tśe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "(perhaps) Proto-Albanian: *tśe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "s-"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: s-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: s- / -s (“not”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*es-ke",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic: *es-ke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic: *es-ke"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*(j)ešče",
"alt": "*(j)eš-če",
"t": "yet, still"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *(j)eš-če (“yet, still”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁es-",
"3": "*-kʷe",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "to be"
},
"expansion": "*h₁es- (“to be”) + *-kʷe",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly a compound of <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ine-pro\">*h₁es-</i> (“to be”) + <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ine-pro\">*-kʷe</i>"
},
"expansion": "(possibly a compound of *h₁es- (“to be”) + *-kʷe)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *(j)eš-če (“yet, still”) (possibly a compound of *h₁es- (“to be”) + *-kʷe) (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"id": "and"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Dunkel suggests *-skʷe is the older form, coming from (an old injunctive of) *sekʷ- (“to follow”). Szeremenyi derives *-kʷe from an instrumental *kʷe-h₁ of *kʷís ~ *kʷós. Dunkel gives this *kʷeh₁ as the origin for the distributive meaning.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-kʷe",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-skʷe",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "conjunction",
"cat2": "enclitics",
"head2": "*-skʷe"
},
"expansion": "*-kʷe or *-skʷe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-kʷe",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: *-we (“or”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"and"
],
"links": [
[
"and",
"and"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Forms distributives from interrogatives."
],
"links": [
[
"distributive",
"distributive#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme"
],
"word": "-kʷe"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Italic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Italic lemmas",
"Proto-Italic suffixes",
"Proto-Italic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Italic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xfa",
"2": "-𐌂𐌖𐌄"
},
"expansion": "Faliscan: -𐌂𐌖𐌄 (-cue)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faliscan: -𐌂𐌖𐌄 (-cue)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-ola",
"2": "-que",
"alt": "-𐌒𐌖𐌄"
},
"expansion": "Old Latin: -𐌒𐌖𐌄",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Latin: -𐌒𐌖𐌄"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-que"
},
"expansion": "Latin: -que",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: -que"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osc",
"2": "-𐌐",
"3": "-𐌐𐌄"
},
"expansion": "Oscan: -𐌐 (-p), -𐌐𐌄 (-pe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Oscan: -𐌐 (-p), -𐌐𐌄 (-pe)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xum",
"2": "-𐌐"
},
"expansion": "Umbrian: -𐌐 (-p)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Umbrian: -𐌐 (-p)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "(possibly) Venetic: -𐌊𐌅𐌄 (-kve)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-kʷe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-kʷe",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *-kʷe.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-kʷe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Italic",
"lang_code": "itc-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-kʷe",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"and"
],
"links": [
[
"and",
"and"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*et"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Forms distributives from interrogatives."
],
"links": [
[
"distributive",
"distributive#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-kʷe"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -kʷe meaning in All languages combined (10.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (9a214a4 and 1b6da77). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.