ǵʰer- in Proto-Indo-European

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{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*ǵʰór-tos (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "*ǵʰor-o-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "χορός",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Ancient Greek: χορός (khorós)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Ancient Greek: χορός (khorós) (perhaps \"encircling/ring dance\")"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "*ǵʰor-yo-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "χόριον",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Ancient Greek: χόριον (khórion)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Ancient Greek: χόριον (khórion) (perhaps \"encircling membrane\" or from root below)"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
  "lang_code": "ine-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵʰer-",
  "pos": "root",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Indo-European CeR-shaped roots",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to enclose"
      ],
      "id": "en-ǵʰer--ine-pro-root-ine_pro:enclose",
      "links": [
        [
          "enclose",
          "enclose"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "gʰerdʰ-"
        }
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "ine-pro:enclose"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ǵʰer-"
}

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{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*ǵʰór-tos (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "*ǵʰor-o-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "χορός",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Ancient Greek: χορός (khorós)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Ancient Greek: χορός (khorós) (perhaps \"encircling/ring dance\")"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "*ǵʰor-yo-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "χόριον",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Ancient Greek: χόριον (khórion)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Ancient Greek: χόριον (khórion) (perhaps \"encircling membrane\" or from root below)"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
  "lang_code": "ine-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵʰer-",
  "pos": "root",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "gʰerdʰ-"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Indo-European CeR-shaped roots",
        "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
        "Proto-Indo-European roots"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to enclose"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "enclose",
          "enclose"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "ine-pro:enclose"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ǵʰer-"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (7cef23e and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"ǵʰer-" meaning in Proto-Indo-European

Root