See wrōts in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for wrōts meaning in Proto-Germanic (5.5kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*wurti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *wurti\nOld English: wyrt (“plant, herb”)\nMiddle English: wurt, worte, wort\nEnglish: wort\nMiddle Scots: *wort (attested in plural wortis)\nScots: wirt\n⇒ Middle English: wurten, worten (“resembling or pertaining to spice, herbal”, adj)\nOld English: wyrt (“brewer's wort”) (merged with descendant of *wurtiju)\nMiddle English: wort, worte\nEnglish: wort\nScots: wirt\nOld Saxon: wurt\nMiddle Low German: wort, wurt\nOld Dutch: wurt\nMiddle Dutch: worte\nOld High German: wurz\nMiddle High German: wurz\nCimbrian: burtz, buurtza\nGerman: Wurz\nVilamovian: wiyc\n⇒ Old High German: giwurz f\nMiddle High German: *gewürze (attested 15th c.)\nGerman: Gewürz n\n→ German Low German: Gewürz\nLuxembourgish: Gewierz",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *wurti\nOld English: wyrt (“plant, herb”)\nMiddle English: wurt, worte, wort\nEnglish: wort\nMiddle Scots: *wort (attested in plural wortis)\nScots: wirt\n⇒ Middle English: wurten, worten (“resembling or pertaining to spice, herbal”, adj)\nOld English: wyrt (“brewer's wort”) (merged with descendant of *wurtiju)\nMiddle English: wort, worte\nEnglish: wort\nScots: wirt\nOld Saxon: wurt\nMiddle Low German: wort, wurt\nOld Dutch: wurt\nMiddle Dutch: worte\nOld High German: wurz\nMiddle High German: wurz\nCimbrian: burtz, buurtza\nGerman: Wurz\nVilamovian: wiyc\n⇒ Old High German: giwurz f\nMiddle High German: *gewürze (attested 15th c.)\nGerman: Gewürz n\n→ German Low German: Gewürz\nLuxembourgish: Gewierz"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "rót"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: rót, vrót\nIcelandic: rót\nFaroese: rót\nNorwegian: rot\nOld Swedish: rōt\nSwedish: rot\nDanish: rod\nGutnish: rot\n→ Old English: rōt\nMiddle English: rote, root, roote, rot, rotæ\nEnglish: root\nScots: ruit, rute",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: rót, vrót\nIcelandic: rót\nFaroese: rót\nNorwegian: rot\nOld Swedish: rōt\nSwedish: rot\nDanish: rod\nGutnish: rot\n→ Old English: rōt\nMiddle English: rote, root, roote, rot, rotæ\nEnglish: root\nScots: ruit, rute"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wréh₂ds"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wréh₂ds",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *wréh₂ds.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wrōts",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wrōtiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wrōt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wrōtiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wrōtų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wrōtunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wurtiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wurtǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wurti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wurtumaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wurtē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wurtumiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wrōts",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "urtiz"
},
{
"word": "wrōtaną"
},
{
"sense": "Old English: wyrtwalu f, wyrtwala m, *wyrtel",
"word": "⇒ Old English: bisċopwyrtel"
},
{
"sense": "Old Frisian: wirtel, wortel",
"word": "Wuttel"
},
{
"sense": "Old Frisian: wirtel, wortel; West Frisian",
"word": "woartel"
},
{
"sense": "Old Frisian: wirtel, wortel; West Frisian",
"word": "wurtel"
},
{
"sense": "Middle Low German: wortele",
"tags": [
"German-Low-German"
],
"word": "Wortel"
},
{
"sense": "Middle Low German: wortele",
"tags": [
"German-Low-German"
],
"word": "Wörtel"
},
{
"sense": "Middle Low German: wortele",
"tags": [
"German-Low-German"
],
"word": "Wuttel"
},
{
"sense": "Middle Low German: wortele",
"tags": [
"German-Low-German"
],
"word": "Wuddel"
},
{
"english": "root, carrot; carrot, square root",
"sense": "Old Dutch: *wurtala",
"word": "Middle Dutch: worteleDutch: wortelAfrikaans: wortel ()Negerhollands: wortel"
},
{
"english": "carrot; carrot",
"sense": "Old Dutch: *wurtala",
"word": "wolterSkepi Creole Dutch: wotl→ Indonesian: wortel ()Limburgish: wórtel"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: wurzel",
"tags": [
"German"
],
"word": "Wurzel"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: wurzel",
"tags": [
"Luxembourgish"
],
"word": "Wuerzel"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: wurzel",
"word": "wücuł"
},
{
"roman": "vortsl",
"sense": "Middle High German: wurzel; Yiddish",
"word": "וואָרצל"
}
],
"glosses": [
"root"
],
"id": "en-wrōts-gem-pro-noun-SBNJTRN-",
"links": [
[
"root",
"root"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"stem"
],
"word": "wurt-"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/wrɔːts/"
}
],
"word": "wrōts"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "urtiz"
},
{
"word": "wrōtaną"
},
{
"sense": "Old English: wyrtwalu f, wyrtwala m, *wyrtel",
"word": "⇒ Old English: bisċopwyrtel"
},
{
"sense": "Old Frisian: wirtel, wortel",
"word": "Wuttel"
},
{
"sense": "Old Frisian: wirtel, wortel; West Frisian",
"word": "woartel"
},
{
"sense": "Old Frisian: wirtel, wortel; West Frisian",
"word": "wurtel"
},
{
"sense": "Middle Low German: wortele",
"tags": [
"German-Low-German"
],
"word": "Wortel"
},
{
"sense": "Middle Low German: wortele",
"tags": [
"German-Low-German"
],
"word": "Wörtel"
},
{
"sense": "Middle Low German: wortele",
"tags": [
"German-Low-German"
],
"word": "Wuttel"
},
{
"sense": "Middle Low German: wortele",
"tags": [
"German-Low-German"
],
"word": "Wuddel"
},
{
"english": "root, carrot; carrot, square root",
"sense": "Old Dutch: *wurtala",
"word": "Middle Dutch: worteleDutch: wortelAfrikaans: wortel ()Negerhollands: wortel"
},
{
"english": "carrot; carrot",
"sense": "Old Dutch: *wurtala",
"word": "wolterSkepi Creole Dutch: wotl→ Indonesian: wortel ()Limburgish: wórtel"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: wurzel",
"tags": [
"German"
],
"word": "Wurzel"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: wurzel",
"tags": [
"Luxembourgish"
],
"word": "Wuerzel"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: wurzel",
"word": "wücuł"
},
{
"roman": "vortsl",
"sense": "Middle High German: wurzel; Yiddish",
"word": "וואָרצל"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*wurti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *wurti\nOld English: wyrt (“plant, herb”)\nMiddle English: wurt, worte, wort\nEnglish: wort\nMiddle Scots: *wort (attested in plural wortis)\nScots: wirt\n⇒ Middle English: wurten, worten (“resembling or pertaining to spice, herbal”, adj)\nOld English: wyrt (“brewer's wort”) (merged with descendant of *wurtiju)\nMiddle English: wort, worte\nEnglish: wort\nScots: wirt\nOld Saxon: wurt\nMiddle Low German: wort, wurt\nOld Dutch: wurt\nMiddle Dutch: worte\nOld High German: wurz\nMiddle High German: wurz\nCimbrian: burtz, buurtza\nGerman: Wurz\nVilamovian: wiyc\n⇒ Old High German: giwurz f\nMiddle High German: *gewürze (attested 15th c.)\nGerman: Gewürz n\n→ German Low German: Gewürz\nLuxembourgish: Gewierz",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *wurti\nOld English: wyrt (“plant, herb”)\nMiddle English: wurt, worte, wort\nEnglish: wort\nMiddle Scots: *wort (attested in plural wortis)\nScots: wirt\n⇒ Middle English: wurten, worten (“resembling or pertaining to spice, herbal”, adj)\nOld English: wyrt (“brewer's wort”) (merged with descendant of *wurtiju)\nMiddle English: wort, worte\nEnglish: wort\nScots: wirt\nOld Saxon: wurt\nMiddle Low German: wort, wurt\nOld Dutch: wurt\nMiddle Dutch: worte\nOld High German: wurz\nMiddle High German: wurz\nCimbrian: burtz, buurtza\nGerman: Wurz\nVilamovian: wiyc\n⇒ Old High German: giwurz f\nMiddle High German: *gewürze (attested 15th c.)\nGerman: Gewürz n\n→ German Low German: Gewürz\nLuxembourgish: Gewierz"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "rót"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: rót, vrót\nIcelandic: rót\nFaroese: rót\nNorwegian: rot\nOld Swedish: rōt\nSwedish: rot\nDanish: rod\nGutnish: rot\n→ Old English: rōt\nMiddle English: rote, root, roote, rot, rotæ\nEnglish: root\nScots: ruit, rute",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: rót, vrót\nIcelandic: rót\nFaroese: rót\nNorwegian: rot\nOld Swedish: rōt\nSwedish: rot\nDanish: rod\nGutnish: rot\n→ Old English: rōt\nMiddle English: rote, root, roote, rot, rotæ\nEnglish: root\nScots: ruit, rute"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wréh₂ds"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wréh₂ds",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *wréh₂ds.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wrōts",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wrōtiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wrōt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wrōtiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wrōtų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wrōtunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wurtiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wurtǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wurti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wurtumaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wurtē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wurtumiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wrōts",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"stem"
],
"word": "wurt-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic consonant stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic irregular nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"gem-pro:Plants"
],
"glosses": [
"root"
],
"links": [
[
"root",
"root"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/wrɔːts/"
}
],
"word": "wrōts"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.