"waikwaz" meaning in Proto-Germanic

See waikwaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ˈwɑi̯.kʷɑz/
Etymology: An o-stem adjectival formation from *wīkwaną (“to yield, buckle, fold”) (quasi-Indo-European *h₃oyg-o-s), with sense development "giving way" > "weak, pliable". Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], waikwaz [masculine, nominative, singular, strong], waikwō [feminine, nominative, singular, strong], waikwą [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], -atō [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], waikwai [masculine, nominative, plural, strong], waikwôz [feminine, nominative, plural, strong], waikwō [neuter, nominative, plural, strong], waikwanǭ [accusative, masculine, singular, strong], waikwǭ [accusative, feminine, singular, strong], waikwą [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], -atō [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], waikwanz [accusative, masculine, plural, strong], waikwōz [accusative, feminine, plural, strong], waikwō [accusative, neuter, plural, strong], waikwas [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], -is [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], waikwaizōz [feminine, genitive, singular, strong], waikwas [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], -is [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], waikwaizǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, strong], waikwaizǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, strong], waikwaizǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, strong], waikwammai [dative, masculine, singular, strong], waikwaizōi [dative, feminine, singular, strong], waikwammai [dative, neuter, singular, strong], waikwaimaz [dative, masculine, plural, strong], waikwaimaz [dative, feminine, plural, strong], waikwaimaz [dative, neuter, plural, strong], waikwanō [instrumental, masculine, singular, strong], waikwaizō [feminine, instrumental, singular, strong], waikwanō [instrumental, neuter, singular, strong], waikwaimiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, strong], waikwaimiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, strong], waikwaimiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, strong], waikwô [masculine, nominative, singular, weak], waikwǭ [feminine, nominative, singular, weak], waikwô [neuter, nominative, singular, weak], waikwaniz [masculine, nominative, plural, weak], waikwōniz [feminine, nominative, plural, weak], waikwōnō [neuter, nominative, plural, weak], waikwanų [accusative, masculine, singular, weak], waikwōnų [accusative, feminine, singular, weak], waikwô [accusative, neuter, singular, weak], waikwanunz [accusative, masculine, plural, weak], waikwōnunz [accusative, feminine, plural, weak], waikwōnō [accusative, neuter, plural, weak], waikwiniz [genitive, masculine, singular, weak], waikwōniz [feminine, genitive, singular, weak], waikwiniz [genitive, neuter, singular, weak], waikwanǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, weak], waikwōnǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, weak], waikwanǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, weak], waikwini [dative, masculine, singular, weak], waikwōni [dative, feminine, singular, weak], waikwini [dative, neuter, singular, weak], waikwammaz [dative, masculine, plural, weak], waikwōmaz [dative, feminine, plural, weak], waikwammaz [dative, neuter, plural, weak], waikwinē [instrumental, masculine, singular, weak], waikwōnē [feminine, instrumental, singular, weak], waikwinē [instrumental, neuter, singular, weak], waikwammiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, weak], waikwōmiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, weak], waikwammiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, weak]
  1. weak, soft, pliable Wikipedia link: Brill Publishers Tags: reconstruction Derived forms: waikwijaną
    Sense id: en-waikwaz-gem-pro-adj-bON9cGKf Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*waikw"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *waikw\nOld English: wāc\nMiddle English: wac, wake, woc, woke\nScots: wak, wake, waik (conflated with Norse borrowings)\nOld Frisian: wāk\nSaterland Frisian: wook\nWest Frisian: weak\nOld Saxon: wēk\nMiddle Low German: wêk\nLow German: week\nOld Dutch: wēk (in derivatives)\nMiddle Dutch: wêec\nDutch: week\nOld High German: weih\nMiddle High German: weich\nGerman: weich\nHunsrik: weuch\nLuxembourgish: weech\nYiddish: ווייך (veykh)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *waikw\nOld English: wāc\nMiddle English: wac, wake, woc, woke\nScots: wak, wake, waik (conflated with Norse borrowings)\nOld Frisian: wāk\nSaterland Frisian: wook\nWest Frisian: weak\nOld Saxon: wēk\nMiddle Low German: wêk\nLow German: week\nOld Dutch: wēk (in derivatives)\nMiddle Dutch: wêec\nDutch: week\nOld High German: weih\nMiddle High German: weich\nGerman: weich\nHunsrik: weuch\nLuxembourgish: weech\nYiddish: ווייך (veykh)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "veykr",
            "3": "veikr"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: veykr, veikr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: veykr, veikr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "veikur"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: veikur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: veikur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "veikur"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: veikur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: veikur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nrn",
            "2": "vek"
          },
          "expansion": "Norn: vek",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norn: vek"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nb",
            "2": "veik"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: veik",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Bokmål: veik"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nn",
            "2": "veik"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: veik",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: veik"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "veker",
            "alt": "vēker"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: vēker",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: vēker"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "vek"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: vek",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: vek"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "veg"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: veg",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: veg"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-gut",
            "2": "vaik"
          },
          "expansion": "Gutnish: vaik",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gutnish: vaik"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "weik",
            "3": "waik",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle English: weik, waik",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle English: weik, waik"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "weak"
          },
          "expansion": "English: weak",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: weak"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "wak",
            "3": "wake",
            "4": "waik"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: wak, wake, waik",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: wak, wake, waik (conflated with native forms)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "urj-fin-pro",
            "2": "*vaikka",
            "bor": "1",
            "id": "quiet",
            "t1": "quiet"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *vaikka (“quiet”)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *vaikka (“quiet”) (see there for further descendants)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "An o-stem adjectival formation from *wīkwaną (“to yield, buckle, fold”) (quasi-Indo-European *h₃oyg-o-s), with sense development \"giving way\" > \"weak, pliable\".",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwanǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwaizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwaizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwaizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/waikwaz",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "waikwijaną"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "weak, soft, pliable"
      ],
      "id": "en-waikwaz-gem-pro-adj-bON9cGKf",
      "links": [
        [
          "weak",
          "weak"
        ],
        [
          "soft",
          "soft"
        ],
        [
          "pliable",
          "pliable"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈwɑi̯.kʷɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "waikwaz"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "waikwijaną"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*waikw"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *waikw\nOld English: wāc\nMiddle English: wac, wake, woc, woke\nScots: wak, wake, waik (conflated with Norse borrowings)\nOld Frisian: wāk\nSaterland Frisian: wook\nWest Frisian: weak\nOld Saxon: wēk\nMiddle Low German: wêk\nLow German: week\nOld Dutch: wēk (in derivatives)\nMiddle Dutch: wêec\nDutch: week\nOld High German: weih\nMiddle High German: weich\nGerman: weich\nHunsrik: weuch\nLuxembourgish: weech\nYiddish: ווייך (veykh)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *waikw\nOld English: wāc\nMiddle English: wac, wake, woc, woke\nScots: wak, wake, waik (conflated with Norse borrowings)\nOld Frisian: wāk\nSaterland Frisian: wook\nWest Frisian: weak\nOld Saxon: wēk\nMiddle Low German: wêk\nLow German: week\nOld Dutch: wēk (in derivatives)\nMiddle Dutch: wêec\nDutch: week\nOld High German: weih\nMiddle High German: weich\nGerman: weich\nHunsrik: weuch\nLuxembourgish: weech\nYiddish: ווייך (veykh)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "veykr",
            "3": "veikr"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: veykr, veikr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: veykr, veikr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "veikur"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: veikur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: veikur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "veikur"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: veikur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: veikur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nrn",
            "2": "vek"
          },
          "expansion": "Norn: vek",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norn: vek"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nb",
            "2": "veik"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: veik",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Bokmål: veik"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nn",
            "2": "veik"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: veik",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: veik"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "veker",
            "alt": "vēker"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: vēker",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: vēker"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "vek"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: vek",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: vek"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "veg"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: veg",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: veg"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-gut",
            "2": "vaik"
          },
          "expansion": "Gutnish: vaik",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gutnish: vaik"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "weik",
            "3": "waik",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle English: weik, waik",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle English: weik, waik"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "weak"
          },
          "expansion": "English: weak",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: weak"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "wak",
            "3": "wake",
            "4": "waik"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: wak, wake, waik",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: wak, wake, waik (conflated with native forms)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "urj-fin-pro",
            "2": "*vaikka",
            "bor": "1",
            "id": "quiet",
            "t1": "quiet"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *vaikka (“quiet”)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *vaikka (“quiet”) (see there for further descendants)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "An o-stem adjectival formation from *wīkwaną (“to yield, buckle, fold”) (quasi-Indo-European *h₃oyg-o-s), with sense development \"giving way\" > \"weak, pliable\".",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwanǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwaizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwaizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwaizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "waikwammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/waikwaz",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Germanic a-stem adjectives",
        "Proto-Germanic adjectives",
        "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Germanic lemmas"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "weak, soft, pliable"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "weak",
          "weak"
        ],
        [
          "soft",
          "soft"
        ],
        [
          "pliable",
          "pliable"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈwɑi̯.kʷɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "waikwaz"
}

Download raw JSONL data for waikwaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (10.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-20 using wiktextract (813e02a and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.