See turnaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*torn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *torn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *torn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "torn"
},
"expansion": "Old English: torn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: torn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "torn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: torn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: torn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "torn",
"3": "torne"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: torn, torne",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: torn, torne"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "zorn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: zorn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: zorn"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*der-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*dr̥-nós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dr̥-nós",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*der-",
"t": "to flay, split"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *der- (“to flay, split”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*dьrnъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *dьrnъ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *dr̥-nós, from Proto-Indo-European *der- (“to flay, split”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *dьrnъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "turnaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnanǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-is",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnaizōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-is",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnaizōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnaizō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnaniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnanų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnanunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turniniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turniniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turninē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turninē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "turn"
},
"name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*turnaz",
"10": "*turnaimiz",
"11": "*turnō",
"12": "*turnǭ",
"13": "*turnaizōz",
"14": "*turnaizōi",
"15": "*turnaizō",
"16": "*turnôz",
"17": "*turnōz",
"18": "*turnaizǫ̂",
"19": "*turnaimaz",
"2": "*turnanǭ",
"20": "*turnaimiz",
"21": "*turną, -atō",
"22": "*turną, -atō",
"23": "*turnas, -is",
"24": "*turnammai",
"25": "*turnanō",
"26": "*turnō",
"27": "*turnō",
"28": "*turnaizǫ̂",
"29": "*turnaimaz",
"3": "*turnas, -is",
"30": "*turnaimiz",
"31": "*turnô",
"32": "*turnanų",
"33": "*turniniz",
"34": "*turnini",
"35": "*turninē",
"36": "*turnaniz",
"37": "*turnanunz",
"38": "*turnanǫ̂",
"39": "*turnammaz",
"4": "*turnammai",
"40": "*turnammiz",
"41": "*turnǭ",
"42": "*turnōnų",
"43": "*turnōniz",
"44": "*turnōni",
"45": "*turnōnē",
"46": "*turnōniz",
"47": "*turnōnunz",
"48": "*turnōnǫ̂",
"49": "*turnōmaz",
"5": "*turnanō",
"50": "*turnōmiz",
"51": "*turnô",
"52": "*turnô",
"53": "*turniniz",
"54": "*turnini",
"55": "*turninē",
"56": "*turnōnō",
"57": "*turnōnō",
"58": "*turnanǫ̂",
"59": "*turnammaz",
"6": "*turnai",
"60": "*turnammiz",
"7": "*turnanz",
"8": "*turnaizǫ̂",
"9": "*turnaimaz",
"title": "*turnaz (a-stem)"
},
"name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/turnaz",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bitter, embittered"
],
"id": "en-turnaz-gem-pro-adj-OqvWvgBR",
"links": [
[
"bitter",
"bitter"
],
[
"embittered",
"embittered"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "teraną"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtur.nɑz/"
}
],
"word": "turnaz"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*torn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *torn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *torn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "torn"
},
"expansion": "Old English: torn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: torn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "torn"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: torn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: torn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Touden",
"3": "Tudden"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Touden, Tudden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Touden, Tudden"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "toarne"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: toarne",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: toarne"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "torn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: torn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: torn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "torn",
"3": "torne",
"4": "tarn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: torn, torne, tarn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: torn, torne, tarn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*torn"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *torn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *torn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "torn",
"3": "toren",
"4": "toorn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: torn, toren, toorn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: torn, toren, toorn"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "toorn"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: toorn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: toorn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "zorn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: zorn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: zorn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "zorn"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: zorn\nBavarian: Zorn, Zurn\nGerman: Zorn\nLuxembourgish: Zar\nYiddish: צאָרן (tsorn)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: zorn\nBavarian: Zorn, Zurn\nGerman: Zorn\nLuxembourgish: Zar\nYiddish: צאָרן (tsorn)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*der-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*dr̥-nós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dr̥-nós",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*der-",
"t": "to flay, split"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *der- (“to flay, split”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*dьrnъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *dьrnъ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *dr̥-nós, from Proto-Indo-European *der- (“to flay, split”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *dьrnъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "turnaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "turnōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "turnōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "turn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "turnōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "turnōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "turną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "turnanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "turnas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "turnis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "turnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "turnai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "turnamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "turnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "turnamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/turnaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bitterness, anger; wrath"
],
"id": "en-turnaz-gem-pro-noun-mUZpAcSo",
"links": [
[
"bitterness",
"bitterness"
],
[
"anger",
"anger"
],
[
"wrath",
"wrath"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 22 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 20 63",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"discord"
],
"id": "en-turnaz-gem-pro-noun-4bpIB6Fd",
"links": [
[
"discord",
"discord"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtur.nɑz/"
}
],
"word": "turnaz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem adjectives",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic adjectives",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *der-"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*torn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *torn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *torn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "torn"
},
"expansion": "Old English: torn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: torn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "torn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: torn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: torn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "torn",
"3": "torne"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: torn, torne",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: torn, torne"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "zorn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: zorn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: zorn"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*der-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*dr̥-nós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dr̥-nós",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*der-",
"t": "to flay, split"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *der- (“to flay, split”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*dьrnъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *dьrnъ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *dr̥-nós, from Proto-Indo-European *der- (“to flay, split”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *dьrnъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "turnaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnanǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-is",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnaizōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-is",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnaizōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnaizō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "turnô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnaniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnanų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnanunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turniniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turniniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turninē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turninē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "turnammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "turn"
},
"name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*turnaz",
"10": "*turnaimiz",
"11": "*turnō",
"12": "*turnǭ",
"13": "*turnaizōz",
"14": "*turnaizōi",
"15": "*turnaizō",
"16": "*turnôz",
"17": "*turnōz",
"18": "*turnaizǫ̂",
"19": "*turnaimaz",
"2": "*turnanǭ",
"20": "*turnaimiz",
"21": "*turną, -atō",
"22": "*turną, -atō",
"23": "*turnas, -is",
"24": "*turnammai",
"25": "*turnanō",
"26": "*turnō",
"27": "*turnō",
"28": "*turnaizǫ̂",
"29": "*turnaimaz",
"3": "*turnas, -is",
"30": "*turnaimiz",
"31": "*turnô",
"32": "*turnanų",
"33": "*turniniz",
"34": "*turnini",
"35": "*turninē",
"36": "*turnaniz",
"37": "*turnanunz",
"38": "*turnanǫ̂",
"39": "*turnammaz",
"4": "*turnammai",
"40": "*turnammiz",
"41": "*turnǭ",
"42": "*turnōnų",
"43": "*turnōniz",
"44": "*turnōni",
"45": "*turnōnē",
"46": "*turnōniz",
"47": "*turnōnunz",
"48": "*turnōnǫ̂",
"49": "*turnōmaz",
"5": "*turnanō",
"50": "*turnōmiz",
"51": "*turnô",
"52": "*turnô",
"53": "*turniniz",
"54": "*turnini",
"55": "*turninē",
"56": "*turnōnō",
"57": "*turnōnō",
"58": "*turnanǫ̂",
"59": "*turnammaz",
"6": "*turnai",
"60": "*turnammiz",
"7": "*turnanz",
"8": "*turnaizǫ̂",
"9": "*turnaimaz",
"title": "*turnaz (a-stem)"
},
"name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/turnaz",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "teraną"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bitter, embittered"
],
"links": [
[
"bitter",
"bitter"
],
[
"embittered",
"embittered"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtur.nɑz/"
}
],
"word": "turnaz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem adjectives",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic adjectives",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *der-"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*torn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *torn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *torn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "torn"
},
"expansion": "Old English: torn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: torn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "torn"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: torn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: torn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Touden",
"3": "Tudden"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Touden, Tudden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Touden, Tudden"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "toarne"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: toarne",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: toarne"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "torn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: torn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: torn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "torn",
"3": "torne",
"4": "tarn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: torn, torne, tarn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: torn, torne, tarn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*torn"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *torn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *torn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "torn",
"3": "toren",
"4": "toorn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: torn, toren, toorn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: torn, toren, toorn"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "toorn"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: toorn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: toorn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "zorn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: zorn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: zorn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "zorn"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: zorn\nBavarian: Zorn, Zurn\nGerman: Zorn\nLuxembourgish: Zar\nYiddish: צאָרן (tsorn)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: zorn\nBavarian: Zorn, Zurn\nGerman: Zorn\nLuxembourgish: Zar\nYiddish: צאָרן (tsorn)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*der-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*dr̥-nós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dr̥-nós",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*der-",
"t": "to flay, split"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *der- (“to flay, split”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*dьrnъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *dьrnъ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *dr̥-nós, from Proto-Indo-European *der- (“to flay, split”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *dьrnъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "turnaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "turnōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "turnōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "turn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "turnōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "turnōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "turną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "turnanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "turnas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "turnis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "turnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "turnai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "turnamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "turnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "turnamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/turnaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bitterness, anger; wrath"
],
"links": [
[
"bitterness",
"bitterness"
],
[
"anger",
"anger"
],
[
"wrath",
"wrath"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"discord"
],
"links": [
[
"discord",
"discord"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtur.nɑz/"
}
],
"word": "turnaz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for turnaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (15.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.