See trewwō in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSONL data for trewwō meaning in Proto-Germanic (4.6kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*treuwu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *treuwu\nOld English: trēow, trȳw\nMiddle English: trewe, truw, tru\nScots: trew, trewe\nEnglish: true\nOld Frisian: triōwe, triūwe, trouwe\nSaterland Frisian: Trjoue, Tjoue\nWest Frisian: trou\nOld Saxon: treuwa\nMiddle Low German: truwe, trouwe\nGerman Low German: Troo\nLow German: Troue\n→ Old Norse: trú\nIcelandic: trú\nFaroese: trúgv\nNorwegian Nynorsk: tru\n→ Norwegian Bokmål: tru\nSwedish: tro\nDanish: tro\nNorwegian Bokmål: tro\nOld Dutch: triuwa\nMiddle Dutch: trouwe, trūwe\nDutch: trouw\nOld High German: triuwa, trūwa, trūa\nMiddle High German: triuwe\nGerman: Treue\nLuxembourgish: Trei\n→ Vulgar Latin: *trewa\nOld French: triwe, trive, trieve\nMiddle French: trieve\nFrench: trêve\nOccitan: treva, trev\nMedieval Latin: trewa",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *treuwu\nOld English: trēow, trȳw\nMiddle English: trewe, truw, tru\nScots: trew, trewe\nEnglish: true\nOld Frisian: triōwe, triūwe, trouwe\nSaterland Frisian: Trjoue, Tjoue\nWest Frisian: trou\nOld Saxon: treuwa\nMiddle Low German: truwe, trouwe\nGerman Low German: Troo\nLow German: Troue\n→ Old Norse: trú\nIcelandic: trú\nFaroese: trúgv\nNorwegian Nynorsk: tru\n→ Norwegian Bokmål: tru\nSwedish: tro\nDanish: tro\nNorwegian Bokmål: tro\nOld Dutch: triuwa\nMiddle Dutch: trouwe, trūwe\nDutch: trouw\nOld High German: triuwa, trūwa, trūa\nMiddle High German: triuwe\nGerman: Treue\nLuxembourgish: Trei\n→ Vulgar Latin: *trewa\nOld French: triwe, trive, trieve\nMiddle French: trieve\nFrench: trêve\nOccitan: treva, trev\nMedieval Latin: trewa"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰 (triggwa)\n→ Latin: *tregua, treuga (or possibly from West Germanic)\nOld Galician-Portuguese: tregua\nGalician: tregoa\nPortuguese: trégua\nItalian: tregua\nOccitan: tregua\nSpanish: tregua\n→ English: treague",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰 (triggwa)\n→ Latin: *tregua, treuga (or possibly from West Germanic)\nOld Galician-Portuguese: tregua\nGalician: tregoa\nPortuguese: trégua\nItalian: tregua\nOccitan: tregua\nSpanish: tregua\n→ English: treague"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xvn",
"2": "*triuw-"
},
"expansion": "Vandalic: *triuw-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vandalic: *triuw-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*drewo-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *drewo-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *drewo-, *derwo-, *dóru (“tree”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ō-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "trewwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trewwôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trewwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "trewwôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "trewwǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trewwōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trewwōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trewwǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trewwōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trewwōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trewwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trewwōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/trewwō",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fidelity, pledge"
],
"id": "en-trewwō-gem-pro-noun-scnCykbV",
"links": [
[
"fidelity",
"fidelity"
],
[
"pledge",
"pledge"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "trewwāną"
},
{
"word": "triwwiz"
},
{
"word": "trūwāną"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "trewō"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtrew.wɔː/"
}
],
"word": "trewwō"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*treuwu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *treuwu\nOld English: trēow, trȳw\nMiddle English: trewe, truw, tru\nScots: trew, trewe\nEnglish: true\nOld Frisian: triōwe, triūwe, trouwe\nSaterland Frisian: Trjoue, Tjoue\nWest Frisian: trou\nOld Saxon: treuwa\nMiddle Low German: truwe, trouwe\nGerman Low German: Troo\nLow German: Troue\n→ Old Norse: trú\nIcelandic: trú\nFaroese: trúgv\nNorwegian Nynorsk: tru\n→ Norwegian Bokmål: tru\nSwedish: tro\nDanish: tro\nNorwegian Bokmål: tro\nOld Dutch: triuwa\nMiddle Dutch: trouwe, trūwe\nDutch: trouw\nOld High German: triuwa, trūwa, trūa\nMiddle High German: triuwe\nGerman: Treue\nLuxembourgish: Trei\n→ Vulgar Latin: *trewa\nOld French: triwe, trive, trieve\nMiddle French: trieve\nFrench: trêve\nOccitan: treva, trev\nMedieval Latin: trewa",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *treuwu\nOld English: trēow, trȳw\nMiddle English: trewe, truw, tru\nScots: trew, trewe\nEnglish: true\nOld Frisian: triōwe, triūwe, trouwe\nSaterland Frisian: Trjoue, Tjoue\nWest Frisian: trou\nOld Saxon: treuwa\nMiddle Low German: truwe, trouwe\nGerman Low German: Troo\nLow German: Troue\n→ Old Norse: trú\nIcelandic: trú\nFaroese: trúgv\nNorwegian Nynorsk: tru\n→ Norwegian Bokmål: tru\nSwedish: tro\nDanish: tro\nNorwegian Bokmål: tro\nOld Dutch: triuwa\nMiddle Dutch: trouwe, trūwe\nDutch: trouw\nOld High German: triuwa, trūwa, trūa\nMiddle High German: triuwe\nGerman: Treue\nLuxembourgish: Trei\n→ Vulgar Latin: *trewa\nOld French: triwe, trive, trieve\nMiddle French: trieve\nFrench: trêve\nOccitan: treva, trev\nMedieval Latin: trewa"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰 (triggwa)\n→ Latin: *tregua, treuga (or possibly from West Germanic)\nOld Galician-Portuguese: tregua\nGalician: tregoa\nPortuguese: trégua\nItalian: tregua\nOccitan: tregua\nSpanish: tregua\n→ English: treague",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰 (triggwa)\n→ Latin: *tregua, treuga (or possibly from West Germanic)\nOld Galician-Portuguese: tregua\nGalician: tregoa\nPortuguese: trégua\nItalian: tregua\nOccitan: tregua\nSpanish: tregua\n→ English: treague"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xvn",
"2": "*triuw-"
},
"expansion": "Vandalic: *triuw-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vandalic: *triuw-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*drewo-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *drewo-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *drewo-, *derwo-, *dóru (“tree”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ō-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "trewwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trewwôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trewwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "trewwôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "trewwǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trewwōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trewwōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trewwǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trewwōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trewwōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trewwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trewwōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/trewwō",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "trewwāną"
},
{
"word": "triwwiz"
},
{
"word": "trūwāną"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Proto-Germanic ō-stem nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"fidelity, pledge"
],
"links": [
[
"fidelity",
"fidelity"
],
[
"pledge",
"pledge"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtrew.wɔː/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "trewō"
}
],
"word": "trewwō"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (d4b8e84 and b863ecc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.