See sumaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
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},
{
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},
{
"lang": "Scots",
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},
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},
{
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}
],
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},
{
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{
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{
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{
"lang": "Scots",
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},
{
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}
],
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{
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{
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{
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},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "some"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "zim"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "zum"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "summe"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
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"lang_code": "en",
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},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "sum"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "some"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
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},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "zum"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "zome"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
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},
{
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{
"lang": "North Frisian",
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"word": "som"
},
{
"lang": "North Frisian",
"lang_code": "frr",
"word": "sam"
},
{
"lang": "North Frisian",
"lang_code": "frr",
"word": "säm"
},
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"word": "sume"
},
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"word": "sum"
}
],
"lang": "Old Frisian",
"lang_code": "ofs",
"word": "sum"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
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"word": "sum"
}
],
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"word": "som"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
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"word": "sum"
},
{
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{
"descendants": [
{
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},
{
"lang": "Dutch",
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"dialectal"
],
"word": "saom"
},
{
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"word": "zóm"
}
],
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"lang_code": "dum",
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}
],
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"lang_code": "odt",
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},
{
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{
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"word": "sum"
}
],
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}
],
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"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"word": "*sum"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
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"dialectal"
],
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},
{
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},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
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},
{
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"lang_code": "sv",
"word": "somme"
},
{
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},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
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},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
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],
"word": "sômmer"
},
{
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"lang_code": "sv",
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}
],
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},
{
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{
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"word": "somme"
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],
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"word": "somme"
}
],
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"lang_code": "non",
"word": "sumr"
},
{
"lang": "Gothic",
"lang_code": "got",
"roman": "sums",
"word": "𐍃𐌿𐌼𐍃"
}
],
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[
"*sem-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sem-"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sem-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*sm̥-h₁-o-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-h₁-o-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-h₁-o-, from *sem- (“one, whole”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumą",
"source": "inflection",
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"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-at",
"source": "inflection",
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"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
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"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumanǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumǭ",
"source": "inflection",
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"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-at",
"source": "inflection",
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"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumō",
"source": "inflection",
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"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumas",
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"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumis",
"source": "inflection",
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"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaizōz",
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"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaizōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaizō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "*sumaz",
"name": "gem-det"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sumaz",
"pos": "det",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "samaz"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"some (one), a certain (one)"
],
"id": "en-sumaz-gem-pro-det-KaXdEAbK",
"links": [
[
"singular",
"singular"
],
[
"some",
"some"
],
[
"certain",
"certain"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in the singular) some (one), a certain (one)"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction",
"singular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 75",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic determiners",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 84",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic indefinite determiners",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"some, certain"
],
"id": "en-sumaz-gem-pro-det-arteRDL~",
"links": [
[
"some",
"some"
],
[
"certain",
"certain"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in the plural) some, certain"
],
"tags": [
"in-plural",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsu.mɑz/"
}
],
"word": "sumaz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem adjectives",
"Proto-Germanic determiners",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic indefinite determiners",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sem-"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "some"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "sum"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "some"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
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"word": "zim"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
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}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "som"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
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{
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},
{
"lang": "Scots",
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"word": "some"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
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"word": "zim"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
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}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "somme"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
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"word": "some"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
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},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "some"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
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"word": "zim"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
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"word": "zum"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "summe"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "some"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "sum"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "some"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "zim"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "zum"
}
],
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"lang_code": "enm",
"tags": [
"Kent"
],
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}
],
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},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "North Frisian",
"lang_code": "frr",
"word": "som"
},
{
"lang": "North Frisian",
"lang_code": "frr",
"word": "sam"
},
{
"lang": "North Frisian",
"lang_code": "frr",
"word": "säm"
},
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"word": "sume"
},
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"word": "sum"
}
],
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"lang_code": "ofs",
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},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "sum"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
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"word": "som"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
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"word": "sum"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "som"
},
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
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],
"word": "saom"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
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}
],
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"word": "som"
}
],
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"lang_code": "odt",
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},
{
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{
"lang": "Middle High German",
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"word": "sum"
}
],
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}
],
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"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"word": "*sum"
},
{
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{
"lang": "Icelandic",
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"word": "sumur"
},
{
"lang": "Faroese",
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"word": "summur"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"word": "sum"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "som"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"word": "sum’e"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"word": "søm"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"word": "somme"
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"word": "somma"
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"word": "somt"
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "sômmer"
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"word": "sômma"
}
],
"lang": "Old Swedish",
"lang_code": "gmq-osw",
"word": "sumber"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"word": "somme"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"word": "somme"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"word": "sumr"
},
{
"lang": "Gothic",
"lang_code": "got",
"roman": "sums",
"word": "𐍃𐌿𐌼𐍃"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*sem-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sem-"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sem-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*sm̥-h₁-o-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-h₁-o-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-h₁-o-, from *sem- (“one, whole”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-at",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumanǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-at",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaizōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaizōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaizō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "*sumaz",
"name": "gem-det"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sumaz",
"pos": "det",
"related": [
{
"word": "samaz"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"some (one), a certain (one)"
],
"links": [
[
"singular",
"singular"
],
[
"some",
"some"
],
[
"certain",
"certain"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in the singular) some (one), a certain (one)"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction",
"singular"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"some, certain"
],
"links": [
[
"some",
"some"
],
[
"certain",
"certain"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in the plural) some, certain"
],
"tags": [
"in-plural",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsu.mɑz/"
}
],
"word": "sumaz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for sumaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (9.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.