See rukkô in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for rukkô meaning in Proto-Germanic (7.2kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*rokkō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *rokkō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *rokkō"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*rocca"
},
"expansion": "Old English: *rocca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: *rocca"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "rokke",
"3": "rocke",
"4": "rok"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: rokke, rocke, rok",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: rokke, rocke, rok"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "rok"
},
"expansion": "Scots: rok",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: rok"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rock"
},
"expansion": "English: rock",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: rock"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*rocko"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *rocko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *rocko"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "rocke",
"3": "rocken"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: rocke, rocken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: rocke, rocken"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*rocco",
"3": "*rocko"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *rocco, *rocko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *rocco, *rocko"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "rocke",
"3": "rocken"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: rocke, rocken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: rocke, rocken"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "rok"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: rok",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: rok"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "rokko",
"3": "rocko",
"4": "roccho",
"5": "rocho"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: rokko, rocko, roccho, rocho",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: rokko, rocko, roccho, rocho"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "rocke"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: rocke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: rocke"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Rocken"
},
"expansion": "German: Rocken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Rocken"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lng",
"2": "*rocco"
},
"expansion": "Lombardic: *rocco",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lombardic: *rocco"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "rocca",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: rocca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: rocca; rocchetto, rocchetta"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "رُكَّة",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Arabic: رُكَّة (rukka)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Arabic: رُكَّة (rukka)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rocket",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: rocket",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: rocket"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "rocquet",
"3": "rochet",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: rocquet, rochet",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: rocquet, rochet"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "rochet"
},
"expansion": "French: rochet",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: rochet"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "rueca",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: rueca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: rueca"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "roca",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: roca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: roca"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "ruccheddu",
"3": "",
"alt2": "*rucchellu",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Sicilian: ruccheddu, *rucchellu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Sicilian: ruccheddu, *rucchellu"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mt",
"2": "rukkell",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Maltese: rukkell",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Maltese: rukkell"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "rokkr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: rokkr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: rokkr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "rokkur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: rokkur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: rokkur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "rokkur"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: rokkur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: rokkur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "rok"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian: rok",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian: rok"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "rokker"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: rokker",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: rokker"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "rock"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: rock",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: rock"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "rukki",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Finnish: rukki",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Finnish: rukki"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "rok"
},
"expansion": "Danish: rok",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: rok"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*rukn-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *rukn-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ruk-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ruk-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *rukn-, *rÁkn- (“weaving, web”), from Proto-Indo-European *ruk-, *rug- (“to spin, make clothes”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "an-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkaniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkaniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkanų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkanunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkiniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkinē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/rukkô",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spinning wheel, distaff"
],
"id": "en-rukkô-gem-pro-noun-xVjr3jew",
"links": [
[
"spinning wheel",
"spinning wheel"
],
[
"distaff",
"distaff"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "rangijǭ"
},
{
"word": "rukkaz"
},
{
"word": "hrukkaz"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈruk.kɔːː/"
}
],
"word": "rukkô"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*rokkō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *rokkō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *rokkō"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*rocca"
},
"expansion": "Old English: *rocca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: *rocca"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "rokke",
"3": "rocke",
"4": "rok"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: rokke, rocke, rok",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: rokke, rocke, rok"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "rok"
},
"expansion": "Scots: rok",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: rok"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rock"
},
"expansion": "English: rock",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: rock"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*rocko"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *rocko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *rocko"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "rocke",
"3": "rocken"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: rocke, rocken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: rocke, rocken"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*rocco",
"3": "*rocko"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *rocco, *rocko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *rocco, *rocko"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "rocke",
"3": "rocken"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: rocke, rocken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: rocke, rocken"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "rok"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: rok",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: rok"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "rokko",
"3": "rocko",
"4": "roccho",
"5": "rocho"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: rokko, rocko, roccho, rocho",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: rokko, rocko, roccho, rocho"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "rocke"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: rocke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: rocke"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Rocken"
},
"expansion": "German: Rocken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Rocken"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lng",
"2": "*rocco"
},
"expansion": "Lombardic: *rocco",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lombardic: *rocco"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "rocca",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: rocca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: rocca; rocchetto, rocchetta"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "رُكَّة",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Arabic: رُكَّة (rukka)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Arabic: رُكَّة (rukka)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rocket",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: rocket",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: rocket"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "rocquet",
"3": "rochet",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: rocquet, rochet",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: rocquet, rochet"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "rochet"
},
"expansion": "French: rochet",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: rochet"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "rueca",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: rueca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: rueca"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "roca",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: roca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: roca"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "ruccheddu",
"3": "",
"alt2": "*rucchellu",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Sicilian: ruccheddu, *rucchellu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Sicilian: ruccheddu, *rucchellu"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mt",
"2": "rukkell",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Maltese: rukkell",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Maltese: rukkell"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "rokkr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: rokkr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: rokkr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "rokkur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: rokkur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: rokkur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "rokkur"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: rokkur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: rokkur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "rok"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian: rok",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian: rok"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "rokker"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: rokker",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: rokker"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "rock"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: rock",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: rock"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "rukki",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Finnish: rukki",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Finnish: rukki"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "rok"
},
"expansion": "Danish: rok",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: rok"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*rukn-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *rukn-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ruk-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ruk-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *rukn-, *rÁkn- (“weaving, web”), from Proto-Indo-European *ruk-, *rug- (“to spin, make clothes”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "an-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkaniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkaniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkanų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkanunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkiniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkinē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rukkammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/rukkô",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "rangijǭ"
},
{
"word": "rukkaz"
},
{
"word": "hrukkaz"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic an-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"spinning wheel, distaff"
],
"links": [
[
"spinning wheel",
"spinning wheel"
],
[
"distaff",
"distaff"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈruk.kɔːː/"
}
],
"word": "rukkô"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.