See raubaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "walaraubaz"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*raub"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *raub\nOld English: rēaf\nMiddle English: reif, reaf, ræf, ref, reve, raf, ræve, rave, reafe\nEnglish: reif, reaf, rief\nScots: reif, rief, reiff, refe, ref\nOld Frisian: rāf\nSaterland Frisian: Roof\nWest Frisian: rôf\nOld Saxon: *rōf\nMiddle Low German: rôf\nGerman Low German: Roov\n→ Old Swedish: rōf\nSwedish: rov\nOld Dutch: *rōf\nMiddle Dutch: rôof\nDutch: roof\nAfrikaans: roof\nOld High German: roub, roup\nMiddle High German: roub, roup\nAlemannic German: Raub\nGerman: Raub\nLuxembourgish: Raf\n→ Early Medieval Latin: rauba\nItalian: roba\nSicilian: robba\nOld French: robe, robbe, reube\nMiddle French: robe\nFrench: robe\n→ Dutch: robe\n→ German: Robe\n→ Czech: róba\n→ Romanian: robă f\n→ Turkish: rop\nNorman: robe\n→ Middle English: robe, roobe, rob, robbe\nEnglish: robe\n→ Irish: róba\n→ Scottish Gaelic: ròb\nScots: robe\nOld Occitan:\nCatalan: roba\nOld Galician-Portuguese: roupa\nGalician: roupa\nPortuguese: roupa\nOld Spanish:\nSpanish: ropa\n→ Chamicuro: ropa",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *raub\nOld English: rēaf\nMiddle English: reif, reaf, ræf, ref, reve, raf, ræve, rave, reafe\nEnglish: reif, reaf, rief\nScots: reif, rief, reiff, refe, ref\nOld Frisian: rāf\nSaterland Frisian: Roof\nWest Frisian: rôf\nOld Saxon: *rōf\nMiddle Low German: rôf\nGerman Low German: Roov\n→ Old Swedish: rōf\nSwedish: rov\nOld Dutch: *rōf\nMiddle Dutch: rôof\nDutch: roof\nAfrikaans: roof\nOld High German: roub, roup\nMiddle High German: roub, roup\nAlemannic German: Raub\nGerman: Raub\nLuxembourgish: Raf\n→ Early Medieval Latin: rauba\nItalian: roba\nSicilian: robba\nOld French: robe, robbe, reube\nMiddle French: robe\nFrench: robe\n→ Dutch: robe\n→ German: Robe\n→ Czech: róba\n→ Romanian: robă f\n→ Turkish: rop\nNorman: robe\n→ Middle English: robe, roobe, rob, robbe\nEnglish: robe\n→ Irish: róba\n→ Scottish Gaelic: ròb\nScots: robe\nOld Occitan:\nCatalan: roba\nOld Galician-Portuguese: roupa\nGalician: roupa\nPortuguese: roupa\nOld Spanish:\nSpanish: ropa\n→ Chamicuro: ropa"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hrewp-",
"4": "",
"5": "to peel; tear; strip"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *Hrewp- (“to peel; tear; strip”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *Hrewp- (“to peel; tear; strip”), synchronically analyzed as a nominal derivative of *reufaną (“to tear”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "raubaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raubōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raubōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "raubōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "raubōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "raubą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raubanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raubas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raubis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raubǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raubai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raubamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raubō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raubamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/raubaz",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "reufaną"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "raubō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "raubiją"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "raubijaną"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "raubōną"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "36 28 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 28 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 29 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"rape, pillage, robbery"
],
"id": "en-raubaz-gem-pro-noun-wRH05Jbk",
"links": [
[
"rape",
"rape"
],
[
"pillage",
"pillage"
],
[
"robbery",
"robbery"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "36 28 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 28 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 29 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"that which is stolen, spoils, booty"
],
"id": "en-raubaz-gem-pro-noun-3okPV3uD",
"links": [
[
"stolen",
"steal"
],
[
"spoils",
"spoils"
],
[
"booty",
"booty"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "36 28 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 28 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 29 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"garment, robe"
],
"id": "en-raubaz-gem-pro-noun-NL9aF7yh",
"links": [
[
"garment",
"garment"
],
[
"robe",
"robe"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈrɑu̯.βɑz/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "raubaz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "walaraubaz"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*raub"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *raub\nOld English: rēaf\nMiddle English: reif, reaf, ræf, ref, reve, raf, ræve, rave, reafe\nEnglish: reif, reaf, rief\nScots: reif, rief, reiff, refe, ref\nOld Frisian: rāf\nSaterland Frisian: Roof\nWest Frisian: rôf\nOld Saxon: *rōf\nMiddle Low German: rôf\nGerman Low German: Roov\n→ Old Swedish: rōf\nSwedish: rov\nOld Dutch: *rōf\nMiddle Dutch: rôof\nDutch: roof\nAfrikaans: roof\nOld High German: roub, roup\nMiddle High German: roub, roup\nAlemannic German: Raub\nGerman: Raub\nLuxembourgish: Raf\n→ Early Medieval Latin: rauba\nItalian: roba\nSicilian: robba\nOld French: robe, robbe, reube\nMiddle French: robe\nFrench: robe\n→ Dutch: robe\n→ German: Robe\n→ Czech: róba\n→ Romanian: robă f\n→ Turkish: rop\nNorman: robe\n→ Middle English: robe, roobe, rob, robbe\nEnglish: robe\n→ Irish: róba\n→ Scottish Gaelic: ròb\nScots: robe\nOld Occitan:\nCatalan: roba\nOld Galician-Portuguese: roupa\nGalician: roupa\nPortuguese: roupa\nOld Spanish:\nSpanish: ropa\n→ Chamicuro: ropa",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *raub\nOld English: rēaf\nMiddle English: reif, reaf, ræf, ref, reve, raf, ræve, rave, reafe\nEnglish: reif, reaf, rief\nScots: reif, rief, reiff, refe, ref\nOld Frisian: rāf\nSaterland Frisian: Roof\nWest Frisian: rôf\nOld Saxon: *rōf\nMiddle Low German: rôf\nGerman Low German: Roov\n→ Old Swedish: rōf\nSwedish: rov\nOld Dutch: *rōf\nMiddle Dutch: rôof\nDutch: roof\nAfrikaans: roof\nOld High German: roub, roup\nMiddle High German: roub, roup\nAlemannic German: Raub\nGerman: Raub\nLuxembourgish: Raf\n→ Early Medieval Latin: rauba\nItalian: roba\nSicilian: robba\nOld French: robe, robbe, reube\nMiddle French: robe\nFrench: robe\n→ Dutch: robe\n→ German: Robe\n→ Czech: róba\n→ Romanian: robă f\n→ Turkish: rop\nNorman: robe\n→ Middle English: robe, roobe, rob, robbe\nEnglish: robe\n→ Irish: róba\n→ Scottish Gaelic: ròb\nScots: robe\nOld Occitan:\nCatalan: roba\nOld Galician-Portuguese: roupa\nGalician: roupa\nPortuguese: roupa\nOld Spanish:\nSpanish: ropa\n→ Chamicuro: ropa"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hrewp-",
"4": "",
"5": "to peel; tear; strip"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *Hrewp- (“to peel; tear; strip”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *Hrewp- (“to peel; tear; strip”), synchronically analyzed as a nominal derivative of *reufaną (“to tear”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "raubaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raubōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raubōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "raubōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "raubōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "raubą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raubanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raubas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raubis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raubǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raubai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raubamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raubō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raubamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/raubaz",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "reufaną"
},
{
"word": "raubō"
},
{
"word": "raubiją"
},
{
"word": "raubijaną"
},
{
"word": "raubōną"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"rape, pillage, robbery"
],
"links": [
[
"rape",
"rape"
],
[
"pillage",
"pillage"
],
[
"robbery",
"robbery"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"that which is stolen, spoils, booty"
],
"links": [
[
"stolen",
"steal"
],
[
"spoils",
"spoils"
],
[
"booty",
"booty"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"garment, robe"
],
"links": [
[
"garment",
"garment"
],
[
"robe",
"robe"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈrɑu̯.βɑz/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "raubaz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for raubaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (5.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.