See marþraz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*marþr"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *marþr\nOld Frisian: *marther\nSaterland Frisian: Modder\nWest Frisian: motter\nOld Saxon: *mardar (found in the derived adjective mardrīn)\nMiddle Low German: marder\nGerman Low German: Marder\nOld High German: marther, mardar\nMiddle High German: marder, merder, mader\nGerman: Marder\n→ Old French: martre\n→ Middle Dutch: marter, māerter\nDutch: marter",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *marþr\nOld Frisian: *marther\nSaterland Frisian: Modder\nWest Frisian: motter\nOld Saxon: *mardar (found in the derived adjective mardrīn)\nMiddle Low German: marder\nGerman Low German: Marder\nOld High German: marther, mardar\nMiddle High German: marder, merder, mader\nGerman: Marder\n→ Old French: martre\n→ Middle Dutch: marter, māerter\nDutch: marter"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*marþu-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *marþu-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*marþra-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *marþra-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*marþa-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *marþa-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*marþru"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *marþru",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*mäkrä"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *mäkrä",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "martì",
"t": "bride, daughter-in-law"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian martì (“bride, daughter-in-law”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "nuselalë",
"lit": "friendly bride",
"t": "weasel, racoon"
},
"expansion": "Albanian nuselalë (“weasel, racoon”, literally “friendly bride”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "νυφίτσα",
"lit": "little bride",
"t": "least weasel"
},
"expansion": "Greek νυφίτσα (nyfítsa, “least weasel”, literally “little bride”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "donnola",
"lit": "little woman",
"t": "weasel, least weasel"
},
"expansion": "Italian donnola (“weasel, least weasel”, literally “little woman”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "doninha"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese doninha",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "comadreja",
"lit": "little godmother"
},
"expansion": "Spanish comadreja (literally “little godmother”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "невѣста",
"t": "bride; weasel"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic невѣста (nevěsta, “bride; weasel”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "nevăstuică",
"t": "weasel, ferret"
},
"expansion": "Romanian nevăstuică (“weasel, ferret”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "невестулка",
"t": "least weasel"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian невестулка (nevestulka, “least weasel”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "martì"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian martì",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*meryo",
"4": "",
"5": "young man, woman"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *meryo (“young man, woman”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. Kroonen has reconstructed the variants Proto-Germanic *marþu-, Proto-Germanic *marþra- und Proto-Germanic *marþa- and derived the primal form Proto-Germanic *marþru from those. Has been compared to Proto-Finnic *mäkrä but problematic due to phonetic reasons.\nTorp has compared it morphosemantically to Lithuanian martì (“bride, daughter-in-law”), due to Albanian nuselalë (“weasel, racoon”, literally “friendly bride”) and nusebukur (literally “beautiful bride”), Greek νυφίτσα (nyfítsa, “least weasel”, literally “little bride”), Italian donnola (“weasel, least weasel”, literally “little woman”) (likewise Portuguese doninha, slightly different is the metaphor in Spanish comadreja (literally “little godmother”)), Old Church Slavonic невѣста (nevěsta, “bride; weasel”). For the last compare Romanian nevăstuică (“weasel, ferret”), Bulgarian невестулка (nevestulka, “least weasel”). If connected to Lithuanian martì, the entry would be derived from Proto-Indo-European *meryo (“young man, woman”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "marþraz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "marþrōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "marþrōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "marþr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "marþrōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "marþrōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "marþrą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "marþranz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "marþras",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "marþris",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "marþrǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "marþrai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "marþramaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "marþrō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "marþramiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/marþraz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"marten"
],
"id": "en-marþraz-gem-pro-noun-9s3awIkx",
"links": [
[
"marten",
"marten"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "marþuz"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɑr.θrɑz/"
}
],
"word": "marþraz"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*marþr"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *marþr\nOld Frisian: *marther\nSaterland Frisian: Modder\nWest Frisian: motter\nOld Saxon: *mardar (found in the derived adjective mardrīn)\nMiddle Low German: marder\nGerman Low German: Marder\nOld High German: marther, mardar\nMiddle High German: marder, merder, mader\nGerman: Marder\n→ Old French: martre\n→ Middle Dutch: marter, māerter\nDutch: marter",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *marþr\nOld Frisian: *marther\nSaterland Frisian: Modder\nWest Frisian: motter\nOld Saxon: *mardar (found in the derived adjective mardrīn)\nMiddle Low German: marder\nGerman Low German: Marder\nOld High German: marther, mardar\nMiddle High German: marder, merder, mader\nGerman: Marder\n→ Old French: martre\n→ Middle Dutch: marter, māerter\nDutch: marter"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*marþu-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *marþu-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*marþra-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *marþra-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*marþa-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *marþa-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*marþru"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *marþru",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*mäkrä"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *mäkrä",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "martì",
"t": "bride, daughter-in-law"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian martì (“bride, daughter-in-law”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "nuselalë",
"lit": "friendly bride",
"t": "weasel, racoon"
},
"expansion": "Albanian nuselalë (“weasel, racoon”, literally “friendly bride”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "νυφίτσα",
"lit": "little bride",
"t": "least weasel"
},
"expansion": "Greek νυφίτσα (nyfítsa, “least weasel”, literally “little bride”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "donnola",
"lit": "little woman",
"t": "weasel, least weasel"
},
"expansion": "Italian donnola (“weasel, least weasel”, literally “little woman”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "doninha"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese doninha",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "comadreja",
"lit": "little godmother"
},
"expansion": "Spanish comadreja (literally “little godmother”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "невѣста",
"t": "bride; weasel"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic невѣста (nevěsta, “bride; weasel”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "nevăstuică",
"t": "weasel, ferret"
},
"expansion": "Romanian nevăstuică (“weasel, ferret”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "невестулка",
"t": "least weasel"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian невестулка (nevestulka, “least weasel”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "martì"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian martì",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*meryo",
"4": "",
"5": "young man, woman"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *meryo (“young man, woman”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. Kroonen has reconstructed the variants Proto-Germanic *marþu-, Proto-Germanic *marþra- und Proto-Germanic *marþa- and derived the primal form Proto-Germanic *marþru from those. Has been compared to Proto-Finnic *mäkrä but problematic due to phonetic reasons.\nTorp has compared it morphosemantically to Lithuanian martì (“bride, daughter-in-law”), due to Albanian nuselalë (“weasel, racoon”, literally “friendly bride”) and nusebukur (literally “beautiful bride”), Greek νυφίτσα (nyfítsa, “least weasel”, literally “little bride”), Italian donnola (“weasel, least weasel”, literally “little woman”) (likewise Portuguese doninha, slightly different is the metaphor in Spanish comadreja (literally “little godmother”)), Old Church Slavonic невѣста (nevěsta, “bride; weasel”). For the last compare Romanian nevăstuică (“weasel, ferret”), Bulgarian невестулка (nevestulka, “least weasel”). If connected to Lithuanian martì, the entry would be derived from Proto-Indo-European *meryo (“young man, woman”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "marþraz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "marþrōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "marþrōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "marþr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "marþrōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "marþrōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "marþrą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "marþranz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "marþras",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "marþris",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "marþrǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "marþrai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "marþramaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "marþrō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "marþramiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/marþraz",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "marþuz"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms with unknown etymologies",
"gem-pro:Mustelids"
],
"glosses": [
"marten"
],
"links": [
[
"marten",
"marten"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɑr.θrɑz/"
}
],
"word": "marþraz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for marþraz meaning in Proto-Germanic (6.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.