See mūk- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "mūkārijaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "mukārijaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "mūkil-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "mugil-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": "⇒? *mūhhilōn",
"word": "⇒ mūhhilāri"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": "⇒? *mūhhilōn",
"word": "⇒ mūhhilswert"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"sense": ">? German: mogeln (relation uncertain)",
"word": "→ Low German: mogeln"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"sense": ">? German: mogeln (relation uncertain)",
"word": "→ Saterland Frisian: mogelje"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)mewgʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to conceal, swindle, thieve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)mewgʰ- (“to conceal, swindle, thieve”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "muger",
"3": "",
"4": "cheater"
},
"expansion": "Latin muger (“cheater”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "formúighte"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish formúighte",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pre-Germanic",
"name": "pre-Germanic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*mukkōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *mukkōną",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *(s)mewgʰ- (“to conceal, swindle, thieve”). Cognate with Latin muger (“cheater”), Old Irish formúighte, formúchthae (“hidden”).\nThe forms with geminate *-kk- and its voicing alternation with *-gg- may point to an original n-suffix in pre-Germanic, likely iterative *(s)mugʰ-néh₂-ti which resulted in Proto-Germanic *mukkōną ~ *muggōną, whence the other terms were derived; long *-ū- likely formed for compensatory lengthening upon the degemination of a following *-kk- to *-k-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mūk-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "muk-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "mug-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/mūk-",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "83 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "74 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "70 30",
"sense": "Old Norse: *muggr; Norwegian",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "mugg"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"sense": "Middle French: musser",
"tags": [
"French"
],
"word": "musser"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"sense": "Middle French: musser; Norman",
"tags": [
"Jèrriais"
],
"word": "muchi"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"alt": "Guernésiais",
"sense": "Middle French: musser; Norman",
"word": "muchier"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"sense": "→ Middle English: mouchen, moochen",
"tags": [
"English"
],
"word": "mooch"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic: *mukkjan",
"word": "→ Walloon: muchi"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 23",
"english": "to flatter",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic: *mukklōn",
"word": ">? Dutch: mokkelen"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"sense": "Middle English: müchen, michen; müchere; Scots",
"word": "mich"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"sense": "Middle English: müchen, michen; müchere; Scots",
"word": "myche"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"sense": "Middle English: müchen, michen; müchere",
"tags": [
"English"
],
"word": "miche"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"sense": "Middle English: müchen, michen; müchere",
"tags": [
"English"
],
"word": "mitch"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"sense": "Middle English: müchen, michen; müchere",
"tags": [
"English"
],
"word": "micher"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"sense": "Middle High German: mūchen",
"tags": [
"Alemannic-German"
],
"word": "mauchen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to lie in ambush; skulk; hide; waylay"
],
"id": "en-mūk--gem-pro-verb-gxzj7acl",
"links": [
[
"ambush",
"ambush"
],
[
"skulk",
"skulk"
],
[
"hide",
"hide"
],
[
"waylay",
"waylay"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to steal; rob"
],
"id": "en-mūk--gem-pro-verb-rHJ5FiMx",
"links": [
[
"steal",
"steal"
],
[
"rob",
"rob"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "muk-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "mug-"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Germanic parent language"
],
"word": "mūk-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic verbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"sense": "Old Norse: *muggr; Norwegian",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "mugg"
},
{
"word": "mūkārijaz"
},
{
"word": "mukārijaz"
},
{
"sense": "Middle French: musser",
"tags": [
"French"
],
"word": "musser"
},
{
"sense": "Middle French: musser; Norman",
"tags": [
"Jèrriais"
],
"word": "muchi"
},
{
"alt": "Guernésiais",
"sense": "Middle French: musser; Norman",
"word": "muchier"
},
{
"sense": "→ Middle English: mouchen, moochen",
"tags": [
"English"
],
"word": "mooch"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic: *mukkjan",
"word": "→ Walloon: muchi"
},
{
"english": "to flatter",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic: *mukklōn",
"word": ">? Dutch: mokkelen"
},
{
"word": "mūkil-"
},
{
"word": "mugil-"
},
{
"sense": "Middle English: müchen, michen; müchere; Scots",
"word": "mich"
},
{
"sense": "Middle English: müchen, michen; müchere; Scots",
"word": "myche"
},
{
"sense": "Middle English: müchen, michen; müchere",
"tags": [
"English"
],
"word": "miche"
},
{
"sense": "Middle English: müchen, michen; müchere",
"tags": [
"English"
],
"word": "mitch"
},
{
"sense": "Middle English: müchen, michen; müchere",
"tags": [
"English"
],
"word": "micher"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: mūchen",
"tags": [
"Alemannic-German"
],
"word": "mauchen"
},
{
"sense": "⇒? *mūhhilōn",
"word": "⇒ mūhhilāri"
},
{
"sense": "⇒? *mūhhilōn",
"word": "⇒ mūhhilswert"
},
{
"sense": ">? German: mogeln (relation uncertain)",
"word": "→ Low German: mogeln"
},
{
"sense": ">? German: mogeln (relation uncertain)",
"word": "→ Saterland Frisian: mogelje"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)mewgʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to conceal, swindle, thieve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)mewgʰ- (“to conceal, swindle, thieve”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "muger",
"3": "",
"4": "cheater"
},
"expansion": "Latin muger (“cheater”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "formúighte"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish formúighte",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pre-Germanic",
"name": "pre-Germanic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*mukkōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *mukkōną",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *(s)mewgʰ- (“to conceal, swindle, thieve”). Cognate with Latin muger (“cheater”), Old Irish formúighte, formúchthae (“hidden”).\nThe forms with geminate *-kk- and its voicing alternation with *-gg- may point to an original n-suffix in pre-Germanic, likely iterative *(s)mugʰ-néh₂-ti which resulted in Proto-Germanic *mukkōną ~ *muggōną, whence the other terms were derived; long *-ū- likely formed for compensatory lengthening upon the degemination of a following *-kk- to *-k-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mūk-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "muk-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "mug-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/mūk-",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to lie in ambush; skulk; hide; waylay"
],
"links": [
[
"ambush",
"ambush"
],
[
"skulk",
"skulk"
],
[
"hide",
"hide"
],
[
"waylay",
"waylay"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to steal; rob"
],
"links": [
[
"steal",
"steal"
],
[
"rob",
"rob"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "muk-"
},
{
"word": "mug-"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Germanic parent language"
],
"word": "mūk-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for mūk- meaning in Proto-Germanic (3.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (ca09fec and c40eb85). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.