See lundiją in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*lundī",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *lundī n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *lundī n"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ġelynde",
"der": "1",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old English: ġelynde n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old English: ġelynde n"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "lyndi",
"der": "1",
"g": "n",
"t": "mindset, character"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old Norse: lyndi n (“mindset, character”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old Norse: lyndi n (“mindset, character”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "lyndi",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: lyndi n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: lyndi n"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "lyndi",
"g": "n",
"t": "mentality, temperment"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: lyndi n (“mentality, temperment”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: lyndi n (“mentality, temperment”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ln̥dʰ-w-yom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ln̥dʰ-w-yom",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mww",
"2": "siab",
"t": "liver; mood"
},
"expansion": "White Hmong siab (“liver; mood”)",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier *lundwiją, from Proto-Indo-European *ln̥dʰ-w-yom, from *lendʰ- (“kidney, loin”).\nThe semantic shift from \"kidney\" > \"mood, mindset\" in North Germanic languages and metaphorical usage of a non-heart organ to indicate mood is observed cross-linguistically, compare White Hmong siab (“liver; mood”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "lundiją",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lundijō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lundiją",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lundijō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lundiją",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lundijō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lundijas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lundīs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lundijǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lundijai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lundijamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lundijō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lundijamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lundiją",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "landį̄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "lundō"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"loin"
],
"id": "en-lundiją-gem-pro-noun-Hk1-KaLx",
"links": [
[
"loin",
"loin"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 52 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 79 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 86 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"kidney"
],
"id": "en-lundiją-gem-pro-noun-HfH8w8ta",
"links": [
[
"kidney",
"kidney"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"fat"
],
"id": "en-lundiją-gem-pro-noun-vgf1E5ph",
"links": [
[
"fat",
"fat"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "lundiją"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic ja-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic neuter nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*lundī",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *lundī n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *lundī n"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ġelynde",
"der": "1",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old English: ġelynde n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old English: ġelynde n"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "lyndi",
"der": "1",
"g": "n",
"t": "mindset, character"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old Norse: lyndi n (“mindset, character”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old Norse: lyndi n (“mindset, character”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "lyndi",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: lyndi n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: lyndi n"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "lyndi",
"g": "n",
"t": "mentality, temperment"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: lyndi n (“mentality, temperment”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: lyndi n (“mentality, temperment”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ln̥dʰ-w-yom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ln̥dʰ-w-yom",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mww",
"2": "siab",
"t": "liver; mood"
},
"expansion": "White Hmong siab (“liver; mood”)",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier *lundwiją, from Proto-Indo-European *ln̥dʰ-w-yom, from *lendʰ- (“kidney, loin”).\nThe semantic shift from \"kidney\" > \"mood, mindset\" in North Germanic languages and metaphorical usage of a non-heart organ to indicate mood is observed cross-linguistically, compare White Hmong siab (“liver; mood”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "lundiją",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lundijō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lundiją",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lundijō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lundiją",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lundijō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lundijas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lundīs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lundijǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lundijai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lundijamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lundijō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lundijamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lundiją",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "landį̄"
},
{
"word": "lundō"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"loin"
],
"links": [
[
"loin",
"loin"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"kidney"
],
"links": [
[
"kidney",
"kidney"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"fat"
],
"links": [
[
"fat",
"fat"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "lundiją"
}
Download raw JSONL data for lundiją meaning in Proto-Germanic (3.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-20 using wiktextract (4eaa824 and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.