See krumpaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*krump",
"3": "*krumb"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *krump, *krumb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *krump, *krumb"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "crump",
"3": "crumb"
},
"expansion": "Old English: crump, crumb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: crump, crumb"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "crumb",
"3": "crombe",
"4": "croume",
"5": "crump",
"6": "cromp"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: crumb, crombe, croume, crump, cromp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: crumb, crombe, croume, crump, cromp"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "crump"
},
"expansion": "English: crump",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: crump"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "crom"
},
"expansion": "Scots: crom",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: crom"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "crummet",
"3": "crommat",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Scots: crummet, crommat",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Scots: crummet, crommat"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "krumb"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: krumb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: krumb"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "kruum"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: kruum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: kruum"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "krom",
"3": "krûm"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: krom, krûm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: krom, krûm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "krumb"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: krumb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: krumb"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "krumm",
"3": "krum"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: krumm, krum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: krumm, krum"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "krumm"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: krumm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: krumm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "krumb",
"3": "crumb"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: krumb, crumb",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "in placenames"
},
"expansion": "(in placenames)",
"name": "i"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: krumb, crumb (in placenames)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "crump",
"3": "cromb",
"4": "cromp",
"5": "crom"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: crump, cromb, cromp, crom",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: crump, cromb, cromp, crom"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "krom"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: krom",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: krom"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "cromb",
"3": "cron",
"4": "kromp",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: cromb, cron, kromp",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ French: cromb, cron, kromp (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "cronbin",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ French: cronbin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ French: cronbin"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "krumb",
"3": "krumpf",
"4": "krumm"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: krumb, krumpf, krumm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: krumb, krumpf, krumm"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "krump",
"3": "krimpf",
"4": "krum"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: krump, krimpf, krum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: krump, krimpf, krum"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "khrómp"
},
"expansion": "Cimbrian: khrómp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cimbrian: khrómp"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "krumm"
},
"expansion": "German: krumm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: krumm"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrx",
"2": "krumm"
},
"expansion": "Hunsrik: krumm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hunsrik: krumm"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "kromm"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: kromm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: kromm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*krumbos",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Celtic: *krumbos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Celtic: *krumbos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*krum"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *krum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *krum"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "obt",
"2": "crum"
},
"expansion": "Old Breton: crum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Breton: crum"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbm",
"2": "crom",
"3": "croum"
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton: crom, croum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Breton: crom, croum"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "crom"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: crom",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: crom"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "crwm"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: crwm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: crwm"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "crwm"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: crwm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: crwm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cromb"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: cromb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: cromb"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "cromm"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: cromm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: cromm"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "crom"
},
"expansion": "Irish: crom",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: crom"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "croym"
},
"expansion": "Manx: croym",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manx: croym"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "crom"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: crom",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: crom"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gerb-",
"t": "to shrink, shrivel"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gerb- (“to shrink, shrivel”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ger-",
"t": "to twist, turn, bend"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ger- (“to twist, turn, bend”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gerb- (“to shrink, shrivel”), from Proto-Indo-European *ger- (“to twist, turn, bend”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-at",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpanǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-at",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpaizōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpaizōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpaizō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpaniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpanų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpanunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpiniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpiniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpinē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpinē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/krumpaz",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bent, crooked, curved"
],
"id": "en-krumpaz-gem-pro-adj-pbLnyRBW",
"links": [
[
"bent",
"bent"
],
[
"crooked",
"crooked"
],
[
"curved",
"curved"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "krimpaną"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "krumbaz"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkrum.pɑz/"
}
],
"word": "krumpaz"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*krump",
"3": "*krumb"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *krump, *krumb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *krump, *krumb"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "crump",
"3": "crumb"
},
"expansion": "Old English: crump, crumb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: crump, crumb"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "crumb",
"3": "crombe",
"4": "croume",
"5": "crump",
"6": "cromp"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: crumb, crombe, croume, crump, cromp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: crumb, crombe, croume, crump, cromp"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "crump"
},
"expansion": "English: crump",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: crump"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "crom"
},
"expansion": "Scots: crom",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: crom"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "crummet",
"3": "crommat",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Scots: crummet, crommat",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Scots: crummet, crommat"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "krumb"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: krumb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: krumb"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "kruum"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: kruum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: kruum"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "krom",
"3": "krûm"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: krom, krûm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: krom, krûm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "krumb"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: krumb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: krumb"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "krumm",
"3": "krum"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: krumm, krum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: krumm, krum"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "krumm"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: krumm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: krumm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "krumb",
"3": "crumb"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: krumb, crumb",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "in placenames"
},
"expansion": "(in placenames)",
"name": "i"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: krumb, crumb (in placenames)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "crump",
"3": "cromb",
"4": "cromp",
"5": "crom"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: crump, cromb, cromp, crom",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: crump, cromb, cromp, crom"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "krom"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: krom",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: krom"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "cromb",
"3": "cron",
"4": "kromp",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: cromb, cron, kromp",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ French: cromb, cron, kromp (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "cronbin",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ French: cronbin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ French: cronbin"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "krumb",
"3": "krumpf",
"4": "krumm"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: krumb, krumpf, krumm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: krumb, krumpf, krumm"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "krump",
"3": "krimpf",
"4": "krum"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: krump, krimpf, krum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: krump, krimpf, krum"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "khrómp"
},
"expansion": "Cimbrian: khrómp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cimbrian: khrómp"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "krumm"
},
"expansion": "German: krumm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: krumm"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrx",
"2": "krumm"
},
"expansion": "Hunsrik: krumm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hunsrik: krumm"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "kromm"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: kromm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: kromm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*krumbos",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Celtic: *krumbos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Celtic: *krumbos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*krum"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *krum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *krum"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "obt",
"2": "crum"
},
"expansion": "Old Breton: crum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Breton: crum"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbm",
"2": "crom",
"3": "croum"
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton: crom, croum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Breton: crom, croum"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "crom"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: crom",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: crom"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "crwm"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: crwm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: crwm"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "crwm"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: crwm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: crwm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cromb"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: cromb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: cromb"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "cromm"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: cromm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: cromm"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "crom"
},
"expansion": "Irish: crom",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: crom"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "croym"
},
"expansion": "Manx: croym",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manx: croym"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "crom"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: crom",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: crom"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gerb-",
"t": "to shrink, shrivel"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gerb- (“to shrink, shrivel”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ger-",
"t": "to twist, turn, bend"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ger- (“to twist, turn, bend”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gerb- (“to shrink, shrivel”), from Proto-Indo-European *ger- (“to twist, turn, bend”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-at",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpanǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-at",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpaizōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpaizōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpaizō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpaniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpanų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpanunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpiniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpiniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpinē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpinē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "krumpammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/krumpaz",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "krimpaną"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem adjectives",
"Proto-Germanic adjectives",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms with unknown etymologies"
],
"glosses": [
"bent, crooked, curved"
],
"links": [
[
"bent",
"bent"
],
[
"crooked",
"crooked"
],
[
"curved",
"curved"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkrum.pɑz/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "krumbaz"
}
],
"word": "krumpaz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for krumpaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (14.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.