"hrōzaz" meaning in Proto-Germanic

See hrōzaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ˈxrɔː.zɑz/
Etymology: From pre-Germanic *kroHsos, from Proto-Indo-European *kreHs-. Compare perhaps Proto-Slavic *krāsà (“beauty”). Alternatively a vṛddhi derivative of *hrasaną, an otherwise unreflected strong verb from Proto-Indo-European *kres-; compare *hraznō (“wave”) and the causative *hrōzijaną (“to stir”). Etymology templates: {{pre-Germanic}} pre-Germanic, {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*kreHs-}} Proto-Indo-European *kreHs-, {{cog|sla-pro|*krāsà||beauty}} Proto-Slavic *krāsà (“beauty”), {{vrddhi|gem-pro|alt=*hrasaną|nocap=1}} vṛddhi derivative of *hrasaną, {{m+|ine-pro|*kres-}} Proto-Indo-European *kres- Inflection templates: {{gem-decl-adj-a|hrōz}}, {{gem-decl-adj-table2|*hrōzaz|*hrōzanǭ|*hrōzas, -is|*hrōzammai|*hrōzanō|*hrōzai|*hrōzanz|*hrōzaizǫ̂|*hrōzaimaz|*hrōzaimiz|*hrōzō|*hrōzǭ|*hrōzaizōz|*hrōzaizōi|*hrōzaizō|*hrōzôz|*hrōzōz|*hrōzaizǫ̂|*hrōzaimaz|*hrōzaimiz|*hrōzą, -atō|*hrōzą, -atō|*hrōzas, -is|*hrōzammai|*hrōzanō|*hrōzō|*hrōzō|*hrōzaizǫ̂|*hrōzaimaz|*hrōzaimiz|*hrōzô|*hrōzanų|*hrōziniz|*hrōzini|*hrōzinē|*hrōzaniz|*hrōzanunz|*hrōzanǫ̂|*hrōzammaz|*hrōzammiz|*hrōzǭ|*hrōzōnų|*hrōzōniz|*hrōzōni|*hrōzōnē|*hrōzōniz|*hrōzōnunz|*hrōzōnǫ̂|*hrōzōmaz|*hrōzōmiz|*hrōzô|*hrōzô|*hrōziniz|*hrōzini|*hrōzinē|*hrōzōnō|*hrōzōnō|*hrōzanǫ̂|*hrōzammaz|*hrōzammiz|title=*hrōzaz (a-stem)}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], hrōzaz [masculine, nominative, singular, strong], hrōzai [masculine, nominative, plural, strong], hrōzō [feminine, nominative, singular, strong], hrōzôz [feminine, nominative, plural, strong], hrōzą [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], -atō [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], hrōzō [neuter, nominative, plural, strong], hrōzanǭ [accusative, masculine, singular, strong], hrōzanz [accusative, masculine, plural, strong], hrōzǭ [accusative, feminine, singular, strong], hrōzōz [accusative, feminine, plural, strong], hrōzą [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], -atō [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], hrōzō [accusative, neuter, plural, strong], hrōzas [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], -is [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], hrōzaizǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, strong], hrōzaizōz [feminine, genitive, singular, strong], hrōzaizǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, strong], hrōzas [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], -is [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], hrōzaizǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, strong], hrōzammai [dative, masculine, singular, strong], hrōzaimaz [dative, masculine, plural, strong], hrōzaizōi [dative, feminine, singular, strong], hrōzaimaz [dative, feminine, plural, strong], hrōzammai [dative, neuter, singular, strong], hrōzaimaz [dative, neuter, plural, strong], hrōzanō [instrumental, masculine, singular, strong], hrōzaimiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, strong], hrōzaizō [feminine, instrumental, singular, strong], hrōzaimiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, strong], hrōzanō [instrumental, neuter, singular, strong], hrōzaimiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, strong], hrōzô [masculine, nominative, singular, weak], hrōzaniz [masculine, nominative, plural, weak], hrōzǭ [feminine, nominative, singular, weak], hrōzōniz [feminine, nominative, plural, weak], hrōzô [neuter, nominative, singular, weak], hrōzōnō [neuter, nominative, plural, weak], hrōzanų [accusative, masculine, singular, weak], hrōzanunz [accusative, masculine, plural, weak], hrōzōnų [accusative, feminine, singular, weak], hrōzōnunz [accusative, feminine, plural, weak], hrōzô [accusative, neuter, singular, weak], hrōzōnō [accusative, neuter, plural, weak], hrōziniz [genitive, masculine, singular, weak], hrōzanǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, weak], hrōzōniz [feminine, genitive, singular, weak], hrōzōnǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, weak], hrōziniz [genitive, neuter, singular, weak], hrōzanǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, weak], hrōzini [dative, masculine, singular, weak], hrōzammaz [dative, masculine, plural, weak], hrōzōni [dative, feminine, singular, weak], hrōzōmaz [dative, feminine, plural, weak], hrōzini [dative, neuter, singular, weak], hrōzammaz [dative, neuter, plural, weak], hrōzinē [instrumental, masculine, singular, weak], hrōzammiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, weak], hrōzōnē [feminine, instrumental, singular, weak], hrōzōmiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, weak], hrōzinē [instrumental, neuter, singular, weak], hrōzammiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, weak]
  1. active, stirring, moving; agile Wikipedia link: Brill Publishers, Germanic parent language Tags: reconstruction Derived forms: hrōzijaną, hrōzō
    Sense id: en-hrōzaz-gem-pro-adj-cpFMyIBP Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Germanic vrddhi derivatives
     
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*hrōʀ"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *hrōʀ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *hrōʀ"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "hrōr"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: hrōr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: hrōr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "hrōr"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: hrōr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: hrōr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "rôr",
            "3": "rö̂r",
            "4": "rûr",
            "5": "rôre",
            "6": "rö̂re",
            "7": "rûre"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: rôr, rö̂r, rûr, rôre, rö̂re, rûre",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "rö̂ren"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German rö̂ren",
          "name": "cog"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "some forms possibly back-formed from Middle Low German <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"gml\">rö̂ren</i>"
          },
          "expansion": "(some forms possibly back-formed from Middle Low German rö̂ren)",
          "name": "gl"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: rôr, rö̂r, rûr, rôre, rö̂re, rûre (some forms possibly back-formed from Middle Low German rö̂ren)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*hrōr",
            "3": "*rōr"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *hrōr, *rōr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *hrōr, *rōr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "roer"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: roer",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: roer"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "roer",
            "3": "reur",
            "qq2": "dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: roer, reur (dialectal)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: roer, reur (dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "*hruor",
            "3": "*ruor"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: *hruor, *ruor",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: *hruor, *ruor"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "ruor",
            "qq": "in derivatives"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: ruor (in derivatives)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: ruor (in derivatives)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-pro",
            "2": "ᚺᚱᛟᛉᚨᛉ",
            "3": "",
            "qq": "proper name"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Norse: ᚺᚱᛟᛉᚨᛉ (hroʀaʀ) (proper name)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Norse: ᚺᚱᛟᛉᚨᛉ (hroʀaʀ) (proper name)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "pre-Germanic",
      "name": "pre-Germanic"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kreHs-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kreHs-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*krāsà",
        "3": "",
        "4": "beauty"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *krāsà (“beauty”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "alt": "*hrasaną",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "vṛddhi derivative of *hrasaną",
      "name": "vrddhi"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*kres-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kres-",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From pre-Germanic *kroHsos, from Proto-Indo-European *kreHs-. Compare perhaps Proto-Slavic *krāsà (“beauty”).\nAlternatively a vṛddhi derivative of *hrasaną, an otherwise unreflected strong verb from Proto-Indo-European *kres-; compare *hraznō (“wave”) and the causative *hrōzijaną (“to stir”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzanǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzaizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzaizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzaizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōziniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōziniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hrōz"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*hrōzaz",
        "10": "*hrōzaimiz",
        "11": "*hrōzō",
        "12": "*hrōzǭ",
        "13": "*hrōzaizōz",
        "14": "*hrōzaizōi",
        "15": "*hrōzaizō",
        "16": "*hrōzôz",
        "17": "*hrōzōz",
        "18": "*hrōzaizǫ̂",
        "19": "*hrōzaimaz",
        "2": "*hrōzanǭ",
        "20": "*hrōzaimiz",
        "21": "*hrōzą, -atō",
        "22": "*hrōzą, -atō",
        "23": "*hrōzas, -is",
        "24": "*hrōzammai",
        "25": "*hrōzanō",
        "26": "*hrōzō",
        "27": "*hrōzō",
        "28": "*hrōzaizǫ̂",
        "29": "*hrōzaimaz",
        "3": "*hrōzas, -is",
        "30": "*hrōzaimiz",
        "31": "*hrōzô",
        "32": "*hrōzanų",
        "33": "*hrōziniz",
        "34": "*hrōzini",
        "35": "*hrōzinē",
        "36": "*hrōzaniz",
        "37": "*hrōzanunz",
        "38": "*hrōzanǫ̂",
        "39": "*hrōzammaz",
        "4": "*hrōzammai",
        "40": "*hrōzammiz",
        "41": "*hrōzǭ",
        "42": "*hrōzōnų",
        "43": "*hrōzōniz",
        "44": "*hrōzōni",
        "45": "*hrōzōnē",
        "46": "*hrōzōniz",
        "47": "*hrōzōnunz",
        "48": "*hrōzōnǫ̂",
        "49": "*hrōzōmaz",
        "5": "*hrōzanō",
        "50": "*hrōzōmiz",
        "51": "*hrōzô",
        "52": "*hrōzô",
        "53": "*hrōziniz",
        "54": "*hrōzini",
        "55": "*hrōzinē",
        "56": "*hrōzōnō",
        "57": "*hrōzōnō",
        "58": "*hrōzanǫ̂",
        "59": "*hrōzammaz",
        "6": "*hrōzai",
        "60": "*hrōzammiz",
        "7": "*hrōzanz",
        "8": "*hrōzaizǫ̂",
        "9": "*hrōzaimaz",
        "title": "*hrōzaz (a-stem)"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hrōzaz",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic vrddhi derivatives",
          "parents": [
            "Vrddhi derivatives",
            "Terms by etymology"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "hrōzijaną"
        },
        {
          "word": "hrōzō"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "active, stirring, moving; agile"
      ],
      "id": "en-hrōzaz-gem-pro-adj-cpFMyIBP",
      "links": [
        [
          "active",
          "active"
        ],
        [
          "stirring",
          "stirring"
        ],
        [
          "moving",
          "moving"
        ],
        [
          "agile",
          "agile"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers",
        "Germanic parent language"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxrɔː.zɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "hrōzaz"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "hrōzijaną"
    },
    {
      "word": "hrōzō"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*hrōʀ"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *hrōʀ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *hrōʀ"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "hrōr"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: hrōr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: hrōr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "hrōr"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: hrōr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: hrōr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "rôr",
            "3": "rö̂r",
            "4": "rûr",
            "5": "rôre",
            "6": "rö̂re",
            "7": "rûre"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: rôr, rö̂r, rûr, rôre, rö̂re, rûre",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "rö̂ren"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German rö̂ren",
          "name": "cog"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "some forms possibly back-formed from Middle Low German <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"gml\">rö̂ren</i>"
          },
          "expansion": "(some forms possibly back-formed from Middle Low German rö̂ren)",
          "name": "gl"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: rôr, rö̂r, rûr, rôre, rö̂re, rûre (some forms possibly back-formed from Middle Low German rö̂ren)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*hrōr",
            "3": "*rōr"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *hrōr, *rōr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *hrōr, *rōr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "roer"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: roer",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: roer"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "roer",
            "3": "reur",
            "qq2": "dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: roer, reur (dialectal)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: roer, reur (dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "*hruor",
            "3": "*ruor"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: *hruor, *ruor",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: *hruor, *ruor"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "ruor",
            "qq": "in derivatives"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: ruor (in derivatives)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: ruor (in derivatives)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-pro",
            "2": "ᚺᚱᛟᛉᚨᛉ",
            "3": "",
            "qq": "proper name"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Norse: ᚺᚱᛟᛉᚨᛉ (hroʀaʀ) (proper name)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Norse: ᚺᚱᛟᛉᚨᛉ (hroʀaʀ) (proper name)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "pre-Germanic",
      "name": "pre-Germanic"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kreHs-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kreHs-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*krāsà",
        "3": "",
        "4": "beauty"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *krāsà (“beauty”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "alt": "*hrasaną",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "vṛddhi derivative of *hrasaną",
      "name": "vrddhi"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*kres-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kres-",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From pre-Germanic *kroHsos, from Proto-Indo-European *kreHs-. Compare perhaps Proto-Slavic *krāsà (“beauty”).\nAlternatively a vṛddhi derivative of *hrasaną, an otherwise unreflected strong verb from Proto-Indo-European *kres-; compare *hraznō (“wave”) and the causative *hrōzijaną (“to stir”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzanǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzaizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzaizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzaizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōziniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōziniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrōzammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hrōz"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*hrōzaz",
        "10": "*hrōzaimiz",
        "11": "*hrōzō",
        "12": "*hrōzǭ",
        "13": "*hrōzaizōz",
        "14": "*hrōzaizōi",
        "15": "*hrōzaizō",
        "16": "*hrōzôz",
        "17": "*hrōzōz",
        "18": "*hrōzaizǫ̂",
        "19": "*hrōzaimaz",
        "2": "*hrōzanǭ",
        "20": "*hrōzaimiz",
        "21": "*hrōzą, -atō",
        "22": "*hrōzą, -atō",
        "23": "*hrōzas, -is",
        "24": "*hrōzammai",
        "25": "*hrōzanō",
        "26": "*hrōzō",
        "27": "*hrōzō",
        "28": "*hrōzaizǫ̂",
        "29": "*hrōzaimaz",
        "3": "*hrōzas, -is",
        "30": "*hrōzaimiz",
        "31": "*hrōzô",
        "32": "*hrōzanų",
        "33": "*hrōziniz",
        "34": "*hrōzini",
        "35": "*hrōzinē",
        "36": "*hrōzaniz",
        "37": "*hrōzanunz",
        "38": "*hrōzanǫ̂",
        "39": "*hrōzammaz",
        "4": "*hrōzammai",
        "40": "*hrōzammiz",
        "41": "*hrōzǭ",
        "42": "*hrōzōnų",
        "43": "*hrōzōniz",
        "44": "*hrōzōni",
        "45": "*hrōzōnē",
        "46": "*hrōzōniz",
        "47": "*hrōzōnunz",
        "48": "*hrōzōnǫ̂",
        "49": "*hrōzōmaz",
        "5": "*hrōzanō",
        "50": "*hrōzōmiz",
        "51": "*hrōzô",
        "52": "*hrōzô",
        "53": "*hrōziniz",
        "54": "*hrōzini",
        "55": "*hrōzinē",
        "56": "*hrōzōnō",
        "57": "*hrōzōnō",
        "58": "*hrōzanǫ̂",
        "59": "*hrōzammaz",
        "6": "*hrōzai",
        "60": "*hrōzammiz",
        "7": "*hrōzanz",
        "8": "*hrōzaizǫ̂",
        "9": "*hrōzaimaz",
        "title": "*hrōzaz (a-stem)"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hrōzaz",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Germanic a-stem adjectives",
        "Proto-Germanic adjectives",
        "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Germanic vrddhi derivatives"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "active, stirring, moving; agile"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "active",
          "active"
        ],
        [
          "stirring",
          "stirring"
        ],
        [
          "moving",
          "moving"
        ],
        [
          "agile",
          "agile"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers",
        "Germanic parent language"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxrɔː.zɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "hrōzaz"
}

Download raw JSONL data for hrōzaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (11.9kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (d49d402 and a5af179). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.